What is Logic? • Using reliable information and inference • Which of these is logical, then?

A.1.  If Jane has a cat, then Jane has a pet2.  Jane has a cat3.  Therefore, Jane has a pet

B.1. If Jane has a cat, then Jane has a pet2. Jane has a pet3. Therefore, Jane has a cat

C.1.  If Jane has a cat, then Jane has a pet2.  It is not the case that Jane has a pet3.  Therefore, it is not the case that Jane has a cat

D.1.  If Jane has a cat, then Jane has a pet2.  It is not the case that Jane has a cat3.  Therefore, it is not the case that Jane has a pet

A. Valid

B. InvalidThis argument form is commonly mistaken as being valid.  Notice that even if the premises are true, the conclusion could still be false: Jane could have a dog.

C.Valid

What is Evidence? #1, pg 100 Which of these is Hard Evidence? Which is Rational appeal?1. The bigger they are, the

harder the fall. Rational. 2. Drunk drivers are involved

in more than 50% of traffic deaths. Hard evidence. “involved” is the key word

3. DNA… Hard evidence.4. Flag burn…rational5. Psychologist..Hard

evidence

6. Honey – rational7. Cutting taxes – both hard

evidence and rational 8. Fear – rational9. Air bags – hard evidence

Logic/Reasoning Evidence

• Believing a point vs proving/providing evidence

• Premise: Students shouldn’t be allowed to own cars.• “Students have more accidents than older drivers.”

– search for evidence of this claim• “The costs of owning a car make students work

more, giving them less time to study.” – Search for facts and figures to back this up.

• “Not having cars encourages students to spend more time on campus or with other students, increasing their involvement with and commitment to school life.” – Create poll, poll class members, and discuss when we can

rely on our own experience or that of people we know, and when we need a larger sample size.

Using LogicChoose one of these claims(or use a claim agreed upon by your group and approved by me)

• Standardized tests do not demonstrate student knowledge

• Parents of bullies should be fined.

• America needs more holidays. • MP3s should be free. • Higher education should be

free.

Support the claim using:

• Facts Online : polls, statistics, testimonials, etc.

On your poster:• Use the data to draw a

visual image, similar to an advertisement. Make it visually appealing and persuasive.