Post on 13-Sep-2018
E-Policy Brief Nr. 1:
The European Union’s Migration
and Development Policy
January 2012
E-Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
The Africa-Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the
Table of Contents
Introduction ................................
Overview of EU Documents and Activities
The EU Approach to Migration and Development
The Global Approach to Migration
EU Multi Annual Strategy Paper 2011
« Cooperation with 3rd Countries in the areas of Migration
Africa-EU Strategic Partnership
Partnership 7-Migration, Mobility and Employment
Table 1: Policy Propositions by the European Union concerning migration and deve
Policy Analysis ................................
Policy Recommendations ................................
Conclusion ................................
References ................................
Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co-financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
................................................................................................................................
Overview of EU Documents and Activities..........................................................................................
The EU Approach to Migration and Development ................................................................
The Global Approach to Migration ................................................................................................
EU Multi Annual Strategy Paper 2011-2013 – Thematic Programme :
Cooperation with 3rd Countries in the areas of Migration and Asylum » ................................
EU Strategic Partnership – Action Plan 2011-2013:
Migration, Mobility and Employment ................................................................
Propositions by the European Union concerning migration and deve
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
2 financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
......................................... 3
..........................................................................................5
.............................................. 5
.................................. 5
.................................... 5
...................................... 6
Propositions by the European Union concerning migration and development ....... 7
..................................... 9
.................................................. 12
......................................... 13
....................................... 134
E-Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
The Africa-Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the
Introduction
This is the first edition of a series of e
Briefs published by the Africa
Platform, a European-wide network of African
diaspora organisations. The main purpose of
these e-Policy Briefs is to enhance knowledge
among diaspora organisations on k
migration and development
issues as well as to raise policymakers’
awareness of the views of African diaspora
organisations on key M&D policy issues.
The main focus of this first e-Policy Brief
current EU migration and development
policy. Following policy briefs are going to be
devoted to, e.g., the EU Member States’ and
African countries’ M&D policy.
The EU’s M&D policy is rather complex and
covers many aspects. In this policy brief,
timeline with the main EU policy documen
agreements and activities is presented.
Political and technical dialogue with African
countries has been particularly
levels since 2005 when the EU’s Global
Approach to Migration was established
The two main strategic tools to implement this
Global Approach to Migration in Africa
currently the EU 2011-2013 Multi
Strategy Paper for the Thematic Programme
on “Cooperation with Third Countries i
areas of Migration and Asylum
Programme) and the Joint Africa
Action Plan 2011-2013 which contains the
Africa-EU Partnership on Migration, Mobility
and Employment (MME).
These three main documents1 functioned as a
basis for the consultation with African
diaspora members based in Europe and active
1 Global Approach to Migration, Thematic
Programme & Partnership on MME
Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co-financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
edition of a series of e-Policy
Briefs published by the Africa-Europe
wide network of African
ions. The main purpose of
riefs is to enhance knowledge
among diaspora organisations on key
(M&D) policy
to raise policymakers’
of the views of African diaspora
policy issues.
Policy Brief is the
EU migration and development (M&D)
Following policy briefs are going to be
, the EU Member States’ and
policy is rather complex and
policy brief, a
he main EU policy documents,
is presented.
Political and technical dialogue with African
countries has been particularly active at all
levels since 2005 when the EU’s Global
was established.
to implement this
Approach to Migration in Africa are
2013 Multi-Annual
Strategy Paper for the Thematic Programme
operation with Third Countries in the
nd Asylum” (Thematic
rica-EU Strategic
2013 which contains the
on Migration, Mobility
functioned as a
basis for the consultation with African
diaspora members based in Europe and active
Global Approach to Migration, Thematic
in the field of M&D. With the input of these
experts, concrete policy recommendations for
the EU’s M&D policies have been elaborated
(see p. 9). In short, it is argued for a stronger
role and integration of the African diaspora
when it comes to developing a
implementing M&D policies at EU level.
If you are interested in contributing
upcoming e-Policy Briefs
for future issues, please contact us by e
info@ae-platform.org.
Coming up:
E-Policy Brief Nr. 2:
EU Member States’ Mig
Development Policy
E-Policy Brief Nr. 3:
African countries’ Migration and
Development Policy
The EU's Global
Approach to Migration
EU Thematic Programme on "Cooperation
with 3rd countries in the
areas of Migration and
Asylum"
3 financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
n the field of M&D. With the input of these
experts, concrete policy recommendations for
the EU’s M&D policies have been elaborated
In short, it is argued for a stronger
role and integration of the African diaspora
when it comes to developing and
implementing M&D policies at EU level.
If you are interested in contributing to
or if you have ideas
, please contact us by e-mail:
Policy Brief Nr. 2:
EU Member States’ Migration and
Development Policy
Policy Brief Nr. 3:
African countries’ Migration and
Development Policy
The EU's Global
Approach to Migration
Africa EU Partnership on
Migration, Mobility and Employment
E-Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
The Africa-Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the
Overview of EU Documents and Activities- Multi-annual "Tampere Programme"
Migration and Asylum based on the Treaty of Amsterdam 1998)
- The ACP (African, Caribbean & Pacific)
Cotonou and revised in 2010. The ma
Activities are financed through the European Development Fund (EDF).
- EC Communication on "
COM(2002) 703 final, December 3, 2002
- Adoption of the “Global Approach to Migration”
- EC Communication on
COM(2005)390, September 1, 2005, outlines the potential of temporary migration circulation,
facilitating return migration and temporary or virtual return.
- Adoption of the multi
- EC Communication on “The
comprehensive European Migration Policy
related EU policies, based
and close practical cooperation.
- Tripoli Ministerial Conference and Declaration on Migration and Development (November 2006)
- Ministerial Conference on migration and development in
- EC Communication on “
countries”, COM(2007)248, May 16, 2007, is about developing mobility partnerships and circular
migration.
- Draft Council Conclusions on Mobility Partnerships and Circular Migration in the Framework of
the Global Approach to Migration, 16283/07, December 7, 2007
The Commission launches the
areas of Migration and Asylum”
• 1st
Strategy Paper (2007
- Launching of the “Africa
Employment Partnership”
• 1st
Action Plan (2008
Conference in Nov
- Interim Progress Report on the “Progress of th
SEC(2007) 1632 (Global Approach to Migration)
- EC Communication on “
coordination, coherence and synergies
- “European Pact on Immigration & Asylum
- CIGEM – Inauguration of the Migration Information and Management Centre
- 25 November 2008: 2
Cooperation Programme on Migration and Development in Paris (Global Approach)
- High Level Parliamentary Conference on Policy Coherence for Development and Migration, h
in Brussels, in February 2009 as part of the ACP
- EU Blue Card Council Directive
- Multi-annual “Stockholm Programme
- ACP-EU Council of ministers intensifies dialogue on migration issues (May 2011)
- EC Communication on “
November 2011
2000
1999
2002
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2011
Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co-financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
Overview of EU Documents and Activities annual "Tampere Programme" (newly acquired competence of the EU in the area of
Migration and Asylum based on the Treaty of Amsterdam 1998)
ACP (African, Caribbean & Pacific)-EU Partnership Agreement has been signed in 2000 in
Cotonou and revised in 2010. The main decision-making body is the ACP-EU Council of Ministers.
Activities are financed through the European Development Fund (EDF).
EC Communication on "Integrating Migration issues in the EU's Relations with 3rd Countries
COM(2002) 703 final, December 3, 2002 (focus on migration control)
Adoption of the “Global Approach to Migration”
EC Communication on “Migration and Development: Some concrete orientations”
COM(2005)390, September 1, 2005, outlines the potential of temporary migration circulation,
urn migration and temporary or virtual return.
-annual “Hague Programme” on EU migration policies
EC Communication on “The Global Approach to Migration one year on: Towards a
comprehensive European Migration Policy” – COM(2006) 735 combines all migration/asylum
related EU policies, based on partnership with developing countries involving political dialogue
and close practical cooperation.
Tripoli Ministerial Conference and Declaration on Migration and Development (November 2006)
Ministerial Conference on migration and development in Rabat (July 2006) (on Global Approach)
EC Communication on “Circular migration and mobility partnerships between the EU and third
COM(2007)248, May 16, 2007, is about developing mobility partnerships and circular
Draft Council Conclusions on Mobility Partnerships and Circular Migration in the Framework of
the Global Approach to Migration, 16283/07, December 7, 2007
The Commission launches the Thematic Programme “Cooperation with Third Countries in the
areas of Migration and Asylum”
Strategy Paper (2007-2010) & 2nd
Strategy Paper (2011-2013)
Africa-EU Strategic Partnership; Partnership 7: Migration, Mobility &
Employment Partnership” (Lisbon, December 2007)
Action Plan (2008-2010) & 2nd
Action Plan (2011-2013)(adopted during Tripoli
Conference in November 2010)
Interim Progress Report on the “Progress of the overall approach in the field of migration
SEC(2007) 1632 (Global Approach to Migration)
EC Communication on “Strengthening the Global Approach to Migration: Increasing
coordination, coherence and synergies”; COM(2008) 611 final
European Pact on Immigration & Asylum” (built upon Global Approach to Migration)
Inauguration of the Migration Information and Management Centre
2nd
Euro-African Ministerial Conference on M&D – Adoption of the
Cooperation Programme on Migration and Development in Paris (Global Approach)
High Level Parliamentary Conference on Policy Coherence for Development and Migration, h
, in February 2009 as part of the ACP-EU Partnership
EU Blue Card Council Directive 2009/50/EC (on residence in the EU for highly skilled workers)
Stockholm Programme” replaces the “Hague Programme”
EU Council of ministers intensifies dialogue on migration issues (May 2011)
EC Communication on “The Global Approach to Migration and Mobility”, COM(2011)743
4 financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
(newly acquired competence of the EU in the area of
has been signed in 2000 in
EU Council of Ministers.
Integrating Migration issues in the EU's Relations with 3rd Countries",
“Migration and Development: Some concrete orientations”,
COM(2005)390, September 1, 2005, outlines the potential of temporary migration circulation,
” on EU migration policies
one year on: Towards a
COM(2006) 735 combines all migration/asylum-
on partnership with developing countries involving political dialogue
Tripoli Ministerial Conference and Declaration on Migration and Development (November 2006)
Rabat (July 2006) (on Global Approach)
Circular migration and mobility partnerships between the EU and third
COM(2007)248, May 16, 2007, is about developing mobility partnerships and circular
Draft Council Conclusions on Mobility Partnerships and Circular Migration in the Framework of
Thematic Programme “Cooperation with Third Countries in the
2013)
EU Strategic Partnership; Partnership 7: Migration, Mobility &
(adopted during Tripoli
e overall approach in the field of migration” –
: Increasing
” (built upon Global Approach to Migration)
Inauguration of the Migration Information and Management Centre in Mali
Adoption of the
Cooperation Programme on Migration and Development in Paris (Global Approach)
High Level Parliamentary Conference on Policy Coherence for Development and Migration, held
2009/50/EC (on residence in the EU for highly skilled workers)
EU Council of ministers intensifies dialogue on migration issues (May 2011)
”, COM(2011)743 final,
E-Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
The Africa-Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the
The EU Approach to Migration and
Development
The Global Approach to Migration
The Global Approach to Migration has been
adopted in 2005. The EU’s aim was to
establish an intersectoral framework to
manage migration in a coherent way through
political dialogue and close cooperation with
third countries.
The Global Approach can be defined as the
external dimension of the European Union’s
migration policy. Its thematic basis consists
out of three pillars: management of legal
migration and mobility, fight against irregular
immigration and migration & development
The European Commission (EC) ensures that
all aspects of EU-Africa cooperation are
implemented and evaluated at the political
level through successive ministerial meetings.
For instance, during the EU-Africa Summit in
Lisbon (December 2007), the common
approach established as an outcome of the
first ever Euromed ministerial meeting on
migration in Albufeira (November 2007) has
been translated into concrete terms through
the adoption of the EU-Africa Partnership on
Migration, Mobility and Employment
EC funds for initiatives under the Global
Approach originate from the Thematic
Programme, the Solidarity and Migration
Flows Programme as well as the Geographic
instruments Meda and ENPI (formerly Tacis)
and the European Development Fund (EDF).
2 This policy brief focuses on the third pillar, M&D
(see Table 1).
Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co-financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
The EU Approach to Migration and
The Global Approach to Migration
The Global Approach to Migration has been
adopted in 2005. The EU’s aim was to
establish an intersectoral framework to
herent way through
political dialogue and close cooperation with
The Global Approach can be defined as the
external dimension of the European Union’s
migration policy. Its thematic basis consists
out of three pillars: management of legal
igration and mobility, fight against irregular
development2.
The European Commission (EC) ensures that
Africa cooperation are
implemented and evaluated at the political
level through successive ministerial meetings.
Africa Summit in
Lisbon (December 2007), the common
approach established as an outcome of the
first ever Euromed ministerial meeting on
migration in Albufeira (November 2007) has
been translated into concrete terms through
Africa Partnership on
Migration, Mobility and Employment.
EC funds for initiatives under the Global
Approach originate from the Thematic
Programme, the Solidarity and Migration
Flows Programme as well as the Geographic
a and ENPI (formerly Tacis)
and the European Development Fund (EDF).
This policy brief focuses on the third pillar, M&D,
Thematic Programme : «
with 3rd Countries in the areas of
Migration and Asylum »
Since 2007, the Commission has been
implementing a Thematic Programme entitled
“Cooperation with Third Countries in the areas
of Migration and Asylum”. Currently, the
second EU Multi Annual Strategy Paper 2011
2013 is in place.
The general objective is to support third
countries in ensuring better management of
migratory flows in all their dimens
Programme covers all the essential thematic
facets of the migratory phenomenon, namely,
migration and development
migration, irregular immigration, trafficking in
human beings, migrant’s rights, asylum, and
international protection. Howev
programme does not tackle the root causes of
migration such as lack of access to
employment and education in the home
countries.
Clear priority is given to the Southern
Mediterranean, African and Eastern European
regions and priority will be give
themes, initiatives and instruments of the
Global Approach to Migration (see Table 1).
The EU has also increased its support to
organisations such as the International Centre
for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD),
through which it has dev
actions aiming mainly at improving migration
management capacities in third countries.
Of interest in this context are also the
coordination efforts and exchange of best
practices which take place under the
Forum on Migration and Dev
(GFMD), a recent initiative of the United
Nations Member States
maximizing the development benefits of
migration. The GFMD is closely followed and
observed by the EU and its MSs. To the yearly
5 financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
: « Cooperation
with 3rd Countries in the areas of
»
Since 2007, the Commission has been
implementing a Thematic Programme entitled
ith Third Countries in the areas
of Migration and Asylum”. Currently, the
second EU Multi Annual Strategy Paper 2011-
The general objective is to support third
countries in ensuring better management of
migratory flows in all their dimensions. The
Programme covers all the essential thematic
facets of the migratory phenomenon, namely,
migration and development, labour
migration, irregular immigration, trafficking in
human beings, migrant’s rights, asylum, and
international protection. However, this
programme does not tackle the root causes of
migration such as lack of access to
employment and education in the home
Clear priority is given to the Southern
Mediterranean, African and Eastern European
regions and priority will be given to certain
themes, initiatives and instruments of the
Global Approach to Migration (see Table 1).
The EU has also increased its support to
organisations such as the International Centre
for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD),
through which it has developed several
at improving migration
management capacities in third countries.
Of interest in this context are also the
coordination efforts and exchange of best
practices which take place under the Global
Forum on Migration and Development
a recent initiative of the United
Nations Member States with the aim of
maximizing the development benefits of
GFMD is closely followed and
observed by the EU and its MSs. To the yearly
E-Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
The Africa-Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the
Forum all main actors in the field
governments, universities, international and
non-governmental organisations and research
institutes are invited to participate in
separately organised Civil Society and
Government Days.3
The five major fields of action of the Thematic
Programme are fostering the links between
migration and development4, promoting well
managed labour migration, preventing
curbing irregular immigration and facilitating
the readmission of illegal immigrants
protecting migrants especially
vulnerable and promoting asylum and
international protection.
From the budget of the Thematic Programme,
an indicative amount of € 68 million will be
allocated to support actions in the
Mediterranean (Northern Africa), Sub
Africa and Middle East region.
According to the applicable rules, grants will
be normally awarded through
Proposals.
The European Commission regularly uploads
Calls for Proposals on its website.
information please go to Europe
http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/what/migratio
n-asylum/index_en.htm
Africa-EU Strategic Partnership
Plan 2011-2013: Partnership 7
Migration, Mobility and Employment
The Africa-EU Migration, Mobility and
Employment (MME) Partnership was launched
during the 2nd Africa-EU Summit of Heads of
State and Government in December 2007 in
Lisbon, where the Joint EU-Africa Strategy
3 For more information see: www.gfmd.org4 The 1
st field is of most interest for this policy brief.
Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co-financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
main actors in the field, including
s, universities, international and
governmental organisations and research
institutes are invited to participate in
separately organised Civil Society and
five major fields of action of the Thematic
ostering the links between
romoting well-
reventing and
curbing irregular immigration and facilitating
illegal immigrants,
especially those most
romoting asylum and
From the budget of the Thematic Programme,
68 million will be
allocated to support actions in the Southern
Mediterranean (Northern Africa), Sub-Saharan
According to the applicable rules, grants will
be normally awarded through Calls for
regularly uploads
on its website. For more
EuropeAid’s website:
http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/what/migratio
EU Strategic Partnership – Action
2013: Partnership 7-
Migration, Mobility and Employment
EU Migration, Mobility and
Employment (MME) Partnership was launched
EU Summit of Heads of
State and Government in December 2007 in
Africa Strategy and
www.gfmd.org. field is of most interest for this policy brief.
the First Action Plan (2008
adopted.
The partnership aims to ensure sustainable
development and the implementation of
relevant international agreements and
declarations, relying in particular
Tripoli Declaration on Migration and
Development (2006). A
2011-2013 was adopted at the third Africa
Summit that took place in Tripoli
November 2010. This new action plan has two
main strands: (a) enhancing dialogue, and (b)
identifying and implementing concrete
actions.
The major challenge for the period 2011
will be to further strengthen and enrich the
political and policy dialogue on
as tertiary education issues between the two
continents, whilst encompassing dialogues
and cooperation taking place on national and
regional levels.
Dialogue on all these topics will in particular
focus on the question of how to enhance
coherence and synergies between migration,
mobility, employment, education policies as
well as development and
strategies.
The second action plan identifies a series of
actions encompassing the inter
inter-continental dimension of the
partnership. A number of concrete ac
have been envisaged (see T
The initiatives of the Africa
funded by the EU, AU as well as African and
EU States.
6 financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
First Action Plan (2008-2010) were
The partnership aims to ensure sustainable
development and the implementation of
relevant international agreements and
lying in particular on the
Tripoli Declaration on Migration and
(2006). A second Action Plan
2013 was adopted at the third Africa-EU
Summit that took place in Tripoli on 29-30
new action plan has two
main strands: (a) enhancing dialogue, and (b)
identifying and implementing concrete
hallenge for the period 2011-2013
will be to further strengthen and enrich the
political and policy dialogue on MME as well
as tertiary education issues between the two
continents, whilst encompassing dialogues
and cooperation taking place on national and
Dialogue on all these topics will in particular
focus on the question of how to enhance
coherence and synergies between migration,
ployment, education policies as
development and poverty reduction
action plan identifies a series of
actions encompassing the inter-regional and
continental dimension of the
partnership. A number of concrete actions
have been envisaged (see Table 1).
The initiatives of the Africa-EU Partnership are
EU, AU as well as African and
E-Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
The Africa-Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the
Table 1: Policy Propositions by the European Union concerning M&D
The Global Approach to Migration EU Multi Annual Strategy Paper 2011
Thematic Programme
Remittance transfers
Facilitating financial transfers of migrants to their country
of origin
Manage legal migration Promoting well
information to (potential) migrants and encouraging the
definition and implementation of legislative frameworks
for migrant workers in third countries
Support initiatives by migrant groups and
diaspora organisations to get involved in
EU policy initiatives with and about their
countries and regions of origin
Contribution of diasporas to the development of their
country of origin and increasing the value of migrants'
return;
supporting voluntary
and building capacities for migration management;
Result: Links between immigrant communities in Europe
and communities of origin are
tightened
Policy Coherence for Development of the
migration and development nexus in
close cooperation with the countries
concerned and with particular emphasis
on brain drain
Mitigating brain drain and promoting the circular
movement of migrants;
Capacities for col
flows and the capacities of
management are improved; expertise is developed
Promote access to education for all
Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co-financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
Table 1: Policy Propositions by the European Union concerning M&D
EU Multi Annual Strategy Paper 2011-2013 –
Thematic Programme : «Migration and Asylum»
Africa-EU Partnership –
Migration, Mobility & Employment
acilitating financial transfers of migrants to their country Establishment of an African Remittances Institute
more effective and safer remittances’ transfer system
African Union, in partnership with the World Bank);
Improve the access to finance and guarantees
the microfinance sector and enhancing the
term finance
Promoting well-managed labour migration by providing
information to (potential) migrants and encouraging the
definition and implementation of legislative frameworks
for migrant workers in third countries
Facilitate the work of the national services or autonomous centres
in charge of counselling (potential
CIGEM, Mali; ANAPEC, Morocco
promotion de l’Emploi et des Compétences
ontribution of diasporas to the development of their
country of origin and increasing the value of migrants'
supporting voluntary return and reintegration of migrants
and building capacities for migration management;
Links between immigrant communities in Europe
and communities of origin are
Diaspora Outreach Initiative
the Diaspora in the development of Africa
and transfer skills, knowledge and technologies from the Diaspora
to the African continent
Existing programmes: Global
Capacity building for Diasp
network of African Diaspora organisations working in the field of
M&D – Africa-Europe Platform,
sectoral needs, such as a Diaspora Health Network
itigating brain drain and promoting the circular
movement of migrants;
Capacities for collecting and processing data on migratory
flows and the capacities of staff in charge of migration
management are improved; expertise is developed
The Observatory on Migration
and research centres;
CARIM – Euro-Mediterranean Consortium for Applied Research on
International Migration
Nyerere Programme providing scholarships to African students,
scholars and academic staff;
7
Action Plan 2011-2013: Partnership:
Employment (MME)
African Remittances Institute (ARI) (better,
more effective and safer remittances’ transfer system; leadership:
African Union, in partnership with the World Bank);
access to finance and guarantees through support of
the microfinance sector and enhancing the SMEs’ access to long
the work of the national services or autonomous centres
potential) migrants:
ANAPEC, Morocco – L’agence nationale de
promotion de l’Emploi et des Compétences
Diaspora Outreach Initiative - cooperation framework to engage
in the development of Africa and to build capacity
skills, knowledge and technologies from the Diaspora
programmes: Global/EU Mapping of Africa Diasporas,
for Diaspora ministries in Africa, EU-wide
African Diaspora organisations working in the field of
Europe Platform, Programmes addressing specific
such as a Diaspora Health Network
Observatory on Migration will create a network of researchers
nean Consortium for Applied Research on
providing scholarships to African students,
scholars and academic staff;
E-Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
The Africa-Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the
Address the root causes of migration,
with a special focus on employment
issues, governance and demographic
developments
Policy ownership among African
countries and support African countries
wishing to develop their own migratory
policy framework
Capacity building efforts to help countries in the
formulation of predevelopment migration policies and in
their capacity to
Promote triangular cooperation (i.e.
between the Maghreb and Sub-Saharan
African countries, with EU support)
Political dialogue and operational cooperation between
EU Member States and third
Make more use of bilateral channels as
well as regional and continental
cooperation frameworks
Coordinate EU activities with those of international
organisations
UNODC, UNDP, th
Ensure systematic and operational
follow-up of the joint migration missions
and other migration cooperation related
to the Cotonou Agreement
Mobility Partnerships (2008: Cape Verde and Moldova,
2009: Georgia), Regional Protection Programmes (RPPs),
Readmission Agreements, Migration Profiles, protection
of migrant’s human rights, unaccompanied minors, fight
against trafficking in human beings, labour migration,
support to circular migration, etc.
Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co-financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
Pan-African University, a network of African higher education
research institutions;
mutual recognition of higher education certificates and
qualifications in Africa through
Harmonisation and Tuning
Decent Work Initiative extending social protection coverage in
particular in the informal economy;
Labour market governance and capacity building initiative:
strengthening the institutional capacity of the labour market
institutions in Africa;
organisation of a number of regional and sub
employment, labour, social protection and labour migration
apacity building efforts to help countries in the
formulation of predevelopment migration policies and in
their capacity to jointly manage migration flows
Political dialogue and operational cooperation between
EU Member States and third countries is reinforced
The Facilitation of dialogue
Coordinate EU activities with those of international
organisations and initiatives in the field; UNHCR, IOM,
UNODC, UNDP, the World Bank, ILO, ICMPD, GFMD, etc.
Mobility Partnerships (2008: Cape Verde and Moldova,
2009: Georgia), Regional Protection Programmes (RPPs),
Readmission Agreements, Migration Profiles, protection
of migrant’s human rights, unaccompanied minors, fight
against trafficking in human beings, labour migration,
support to circular migration, etc.
8
, a network of African higher education and
mutual recognition of higher education certificates and
qualifications in Africa through African Higher Education
Harmonisation and Tuning
extending social protection coverage in
particular in the informal economy;
Labour market governance and capacity building initiative:
strengthening the institutional capacity of the labour market
organisation of a number of regional and sub-regional fora on
employment, labour, social protection and labour migration
dialogue between the partners
E-Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
The Africa-Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the
Policy Analysis
Basically, the EU’s M&D policy embraces many
topics and goals set out in the Global
Approach to Migration. The
Programme on «Migration and Asylum
the Africa-EU Partnership Migration, Mobility
& Employment (MME) are two
implement the EU’s approach in practice.
For the policy analysis of the EU’s M&D Policy,
seven African diaspora experts have been
consulted who work in the field of M&D
organisations for which these members of the
African diaspora work are mainly active on the
national, transnational and international level.
The experts consulted are very familiar with
the EU’s M&D policy. Most work for or
cooperate with organisations
engaged with the European Union.
The experts raised several concerns
current EU M&D policy. These are
and explained below and followed by
proposed by the experts to better
the African diaspora in the EU’s M&D policy
and to improve the African diaspora’s
accessibility to the EU in terms of funds,
information, contacts, etc.. This information
collected from the interviews with the
members of the African diaspora is summed
up as policy recommendations in the next part
of this policy brief. Several points
by the experts match with the results of the
CARITAS report “A reflection on the dynamics
between migration and development” (2010).
Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co-financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
Basically, the EU’s M&D policy embraces many
topics and goals set out in the Global
Approach to Migration. The EU Thematic
on «Migration and Asylum» and
Migration, Mobility
are two major tools to
EU’s approach in practice.
policy analysis of the EU’s M&D Policy,
African diaspora experts have been
eld of M&D. The
for which these members of the
k are mainly active on the
national, transnational and international level.
The experts consulted are very familiar with
the EU’s M&D policy. Most work for or
cooperate with organisations which are
with the European Union.
concerns about the
. These are summarised
ed below and followed by ideas
better integrate
EU’s M&D policy
improve the African diaspora’s
EU in terms of funds,
This information
collected from the interviews with the
members of the African diaspora is summed
up as policy recommendations in the next part
Several points mentioned
match with the results of the
CARITAS report “A reflection on the dynamics
between migration and development” (2010).
Migration control
migration and development
It is feared that the EU M&D
in an instrumental way
from the Member States
fortress Europe. Even though the EU tries to
find ways to intervene positively, it is believed
to be still hindered by its Member States to do
so. Hence, it is argued that the current policy
is more about the regulation of migration than
about development or co
migration and development
nothing to do with regulating migration flows.
In the CARITAS report it is argued also that
migration and development is limited when
the main objective is the reduction of
immigration to the EU. A win
may occur if migration is a factor of
development and if migrants are seen as an
enriching factor for a community. (CARITAS,
2010, p. 30)
A Clear separation between
migration flows and illegal migration on the
one hand and migration and development
policies on the other hand
objective of migration control should be
separated from that of development aid
(CARITAS, 2010, p. 39). D
not be related to sending back migrants and
other actions which take away people’s
liberty. It would help if
immigration as an opportunity and not as a
problem.
Respecting the interests of
the countries of origin
The objectives of the E
respond to the needs of the EU and not to the
needs of migrants’ home countries. It is
claimed by an expert that the main aim of the
9 financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
Migration control vs.
migration and development
EU M&D policies are used
in an instrumental way and under pressure
tates (MSs) to construct a
fortress Europe. Even though the EU tries to
find ways to intervene positively, it is believed
to be still hindered by its Member States to do
so. Hence, it is argued that the current policy
t the regulation of migration than
about development or co-development while
igration and development, in fact, has
regulating migration flows.
In the CARITAS report it is argued also that
igration and development is limited when
ain objective is the reduction of
immigration to the EU. A win-win situation
may occur if migration is a factor of
development and if migrants are seen as an
enriching factor for a community. (CARITAS,
A Clear separation between the regulation of
migration flows and illegal migration on the
one hand and migration and development
policies on the other hand is proposed. The
objective of migration control should be
separated from that of development aid
Development should
not be related to sending back migrants and
other actions which take away people’s
liberty. It would help if the EU considers
immigration as an opportunity and not as a
Respecting the interests of
the countries of origin
The objectives of the EU’s M&D policy
respond to the needs of the EU and not to the
needs of migrants’ home countries. It is
claimed by an expert that the main aim of the
E-Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
The Africa-Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the
EU M&D policy is to contribute to the vitality
and competitiveness of the EU.
where migration management takes into
account the interests of the countries of
destination only is the European Blue Card
(CARITAS, 2010, p. 46). The local, regional and
national authorities in Europe and in the
African countries of origin as well as non
governmental organisation which deal with
migration and development are not able to
influence EU policies on M&D enough. The
migrants and stakeholders situated in the EU
cannot fulfil the role of strong local actors
which can ensure the implementation of
development initiatives.
The authorities in Europe and in the countries
of origin as well as NGOs which have valuable
experience in this field in the South and in the
North need to be involved as well.
involvement of all is needed to achieve a
triple-win situation (Europe, Africa and
migrants) (CARITAS, 2010, p. 47). In
cooperation, policies that sustain the
movement of goods and people can be set up
to encourage growth opportunities in
emerging markets.
Acknowledgement of the African diaspora
The input of the diaspora for the development
of their countries of origin is not valued
enough in the EU. The financial means spent
on the EU’s M&D policy are sparse compared
to the private and voluntary engagement of
the migrants themselves.
A reluctance to recognize African diasporas as
emerging global and transnational
stakeholders in international development in
general and the development of the African
continent in particular can be observed.
Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co-financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
EU M&D policy is to contribute to the vitality
and competitiveness of the EU. An example
agement takes into
account the interests of the countries of
destination only is the European Blue Card
The local, regional and
national authorities in Europe and in the
African countries of origin as well as non-
sation which deal with
migration and development are not able to
influence EU policies on M&D enough. The
migrants and stakeholders situated in the EU
cannot fulfil the role of strong local actors
which can ensure the implementation of
The authorities in Europe and in the countries
of origin as well as NGOs which have valuable
experience in this field in the South and in the
North need to be involved as well. The active
involvement of all is needed to achieve a
n (Europe, Africa and
migrants) (CARITAS, 2010, p. 47). In
cooperation, policies that sustain the
movement of goods and people can be set up
to encourage growth opportunities in
Acknowledgement of the African diaspora
The input of the diaspora for the development
of their countries of origin is not valued
enough in the EU. The financial means spent
on the EU’s M&D policy are sparse compared
to the private and voluntary engagement of
e to recognize African diasporas as
emerging global and transnational
stakeholders in international development in
general and the development of the African
continent in particular can be observed.
Next to the other stakeholders, t
should be integrated as a partner and
intermediary. It is important to not only
acknowledge the support given by the
diaspora to its countries of origin but as well
the enrichment it brings to the host countries
in particular and to international development
in general. The EU should strongly
acknowledge the contribution of migration to
the development of Europe. Furthermore,
diasporas should be recognized as
development actors and their competences
should be pointed out and valued. The
diaspora should become a stron
international development. The
migrants and diasporas in development
to be enhanced (CARITAS, 2010, p. 40).
Migrants have to be recognized as citizens,
agents of change and members of global
communities (CARITAS, 2010, p. 49).
Taking into account the
interests of the Afric
The diverse interests of the African diaspora
are not yet sufficiently represented at the
European level and need to be defended
better. One reason mentioned why the
interests of the diaspora are e
be only covered partially is that EU policies are
dominated by border politics as discussed
above (Migration control vs. M&D).
the African diaspora is represented by
different networks and organisations which do
not work together well. Therefore, the
interests of the African Diaspora are partly not
known and often not taken into account.
The migrants should be consulted thoroughly
when planning and implementing M&D
policies. It should be cooperated closely with
representatives from the
framework for dialogue and consultation
10 financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
Next to the other stakeholders, the diaspora
integrated as a partner and
It is important to not only
acknowledge the support given by the
s of origin but as well
the enrichment it brings to the host countries
in particular and to international development
ral. The EU should strongly
acknowledge the contribution of migration to
the development of Europe. Furthermore,
diasporas should be recognized as
actors and their competences
should be pointed out and valued. The
diaspora should become a strong partner for
international development. The role of
migrants and diasporas in development needs
to be enhanced (CARITAS, 2010, p. 40).
Migrants have to be recognized as citizens,
agents of change and members of global
communities (CARITAS, 2010, p. 49).
Taking into account the
African diaspora
interests of the African diaspora
are not yet sufficiently represented at the
European level and need to be defended
One reason mentioned why the
interests of the diaspora are experienced to
be only covered partially is that EU policies are
dominated by border politics as discussed
above (Migration control vs. M&D). If present,
the African diaspora is represented by
different networks and organisations which do
well. Therefore, the
interests of the African Diaspora are partly not
known and often not taken into account.
The migrants should be consulted thoroughly
when planning and implementing M&D
policies. It should be cooperated closely with
the African diaspora. A
dialogue and consultation with
E-Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
The Africa-Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the
diaspora organisations should be created. And
the foundation of diaspora organisations and
networks of organisations should be
supported adequately in the long term. As
mentioned before, very important is the
recognition of migrant organisations as
development actors and having an active
partnership with them.
Policy Coherence for Development (PCD)
One of the aims of the EU is Policy Coherence
for Development. When it comes to M&D, this
goal is not yet achieved. According to the
CARITAS report, key criteria for Policy
Coherence for Development (PCD) are the
policy impact on living conditions and the
creation and maintaining of opportunities for
people to make their own decisions.
several sources of incoherence regarding
development mentioned is the
migration to internal security. (CARITAS, 2010,
p. 38)
In the CARITAS report, instead of a cost
benefits, a human rights based M&D policies
approach is promoted. M&D policies should
be human-rights based in order to be
coherent. (CARITAS, 2010, p. 36, 53)
To improve its M&D policy, the EU should
respect migrants’ rights and further reinforce
the coherence of its policies. The dimension
of migration should be placed in policies such
as development aid, internal affairs,
integration, employment, social affairs, and so
on.
Furthermore, the migrants’ ideas and interests
should be better integrated in the elaboration
of policies which affect them to achieve better
policy coherence.
Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co-financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
diaspora organisations should be created. And
the foundation of diaspora organisations and
networks of organisations should be
supported adequately in the long term. As
mentioned before, very important is the
recognition of migrant organisations as
ment actors and having an active
Policy Coherence for Development (PCD)
One of the aims of the EU is Policy Coherence
for Development. When it comes to M&D, this
According to the
ia for Policy
Coherence for Development (PCD) are the
policy impact on living conditions and the
creation and maintaining of opportunities for
people to make their own decisions. One of
several sources of incoherence regarding
development mentioned is the linking of
migration to internal security. (CARITAS, 2010,
In the CARITAS report, instead of a cost-
benefits, a human rights based M&D policies
approach is promoted. M&D policies should
rights based in order to be
p. 36, 53)
policy, the EU should
respect migrants’ rights and further reinforce
the coherence of its policies. The dimension
of migration should be placed in policies such
as development aid, internal affairs,
social affairs, and so
Furthermore, the migrants’ ideas and interests
should be better integrated in the elaboration
of policies which affect them to achieve better
Complexity of the EU’s M&D policy
Since the M&D policy is rather complex, the
EU might deal with too many aims and
objectives.
As mentioned above, the EU should clearly
separate its M&D policies and its policies to
regulate migration flows. To simplify its policy,
it could reduce its aims after consu
the migrants, countries of origin and MSs
about the most important M&D policy
objectives to be achieved.
Informing and educating the African diaspora
There exists a lack of training and information
for the diaspora. The information provided so
far by the EU is used by diaspora
from time to time and sometimes reaches the
diaspora through intermediaries. But there is
not enough information corresponding to the
African diaspora’s interests and needs.
Relevant information and format
EU and its policies should be accessible for
African diaspora. Mentoring and counselling
tools should be put in place to accompa
initiatives of diaspora organisations.
In addition, migrants should be i
before and after they come to Europe about
the EU M&D policies.
Financial Support for the African diaspora
Financial support is largely lacking for diaspora
initiatives. This is particularly the case for
small diaspora organisations. Only a few
African diaspora Organisations fi
information about EU funding and are able to
understand the complex requirements to get
access to funds. Therefore, funds are hardly
used by the diapora. One existing possibility
for diaspora organisations to access EC funds
11 financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
lexity of the EU’s M&D policy
D policy is rather complex, the
too many aims and
As mentioned above, the EU should clearly
separate its M&D policies and its policies to
regulate migration flows. To simplify its policy,
it could reduce its aims after consulting with
the migrants, countries of origin and MSs
about the most important M&D policy
objectives to be achieved.
Informing and educating the African diaspora
There exists a lack of training and information
for the diaspora. The information provided so
far by the EU is used by diaspora organisations
and sometimes reaches the
diaspora through intermediaries. But there is
not enough information corresponding to the
African diaspora’s interests and needs.
Relevant information and formations on the
EU and its policies should be accessible for the
Mentoring and counselling
tools should be put in place to accompany the
initiatives of diaspora organisations.
In addition, migrants should be informed
me to Europe about
Financial Support for the African diaspora
Financial support is largely lacking for diaspora
initiatives. This is particularly the case for
small diaspora organisations. Only a few
African diaspora Organisations find relevant
information about EU funding and are able to
understand the complex requirements to get
access to funds. Therefore, funds are hardly
used by the diapora. One existing possibility
for diaspora organisations to access EC funds
E-Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
The Africa-Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the
is as a subcontractor of a bigger, known co
development organisation.
Financial support for (small) diaspora
initiatives should be provided. Policies should
be adapted so that organisations with a small
budget have access to EU funds and tools
Supporting instruments as w
flexible financial procedures should be put in
place. These should be in coherence with the
capacities of migrant organisations. Processes
for the allocation of funds should be
simplified, e.g., all funds concerning migration
and development could be regulated by the
EDF (European Development Fund)
This analysis is not claiming to be complete
and to cover all possible points for
improvements of the EU’s M&D policy.
indication of what the African diaspora thinks
of the EU’s M&D policy approach. The
recommendations should be taken into
account when further developing and
improving the EU’s M&D policy and may
function as a contribution to future research
and consultations on the topic.
Policy Recommendations
In short, the policy recommendations
proposed to EU policymakers regarding the
EU’s M&D policy are:
- Separate the management of migration
from M&D.
- Consider migration as an opportunity rather
than a problem.
- Respect the interests of the African
countries of origin.
5
http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/developme
nt/overseas_countries_territories/r12102_en.htm
Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co-financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
or of a bigger, known co-
Financial support for (small) diaspora
initiatives should be provided. Policies should
be adapted so that organisations with a small
ss to EU funds and tools.
Supporting instruments as well as more
flexible financial procedures should be put in
place. These should be in coherence with the
capacities of migrant organisations. Processes
for the allocation of funds should be
concerning migration
uld be regulated by the
EDF (European Development Fund)5 only.
claiming to be complete
and to cover all possible points for
improvements of the EU’s M&D policy. It is an
indication of what the African diaspora thinks
D policy approach. The
recommendations should be taken into
account when further developing and
improving the EU’s M&D policy and may
function as a contribution to future research
Policy Recommendations
policy recommendations
proposed to EU policymakers regarding the
Separate the management of migration
Consider migration as an opportunity rather
Respect the interests of the African
http://europa.eu/legislation_summaries/developme
nt/overseas_countries_territories/r12102_en.htm
- When dealing with M&D policies, local,
regional and national authorities and co
development organizations on both
continents need to be involved.
- Acknowledge the diaspora’s contribution in
the home AND host countries.
- Recognize the African diaspora as a
development actor and partner for
development.
- Create a framework for dialogue and
consultation with African diaspora
organisations in order to take the diaspora’s
interests into account.
- Support the foundation of African diaspora
networks and organisatio
initiatives.
- Follow a human rights based approach
instead of a cost-benefits approach when it
comes to migration and development.
- Integrate the dimension of migration in
policy fields influenced by migration and
affecting migrants such as de
employment, etc. to increase the Policy
Coherence for Development (PCD).
- Justify, clarify and reduce the objectives of
the EU M&D policy in consultation with the
diaspora, countries of origin, MSs and other
stakeholders in order to reduce its
complexity.
- Provide relevant information and training
for the African diaspora.
- Accompany diaspora initiatives by
mentoring and counselling
- Inform migrants before and after they come
to Europe about EU M&D policy
- Provide small diaspora organisations with
access to EU funds.
- Simplify the processes in place for the
allocation of funds within the EU.
12 financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
When dealing with M&D policies, local,
regional and national authorities and co-
development organizations on both
continents need to be involved.
Acknowledge the diaspora’s contribution in
the home AND host countries.
Recognize the African diaspora as a
evelopment actor and partner for
Create a framework for dialogue and
consultation with African diaspora
organisations in order to take the diaspora’s
Support the foundation of African diaspora
networks and organisations and their
Follow a human rights based approach
benefits approach when it
comes to migration and development.
Integrate the dimension of migration in
policy fields influenced by migration and
affecting migrants such as development aid,
employment, etc. to increase the Policy
Coherence for Development (PCD).
Justify, clarify and reduce the objectives of
D policy in consultation with the
diaspora, countries of origin, MSs and other
stakeholders in order to reduce its
Provide relevant information and training
for the African diaspora.
Accompany diaspora initiatives by
mentoring and counselling.
Inform migrants before and after they come
about EU M&D policy.
Provide small diaspora organisations with
Simplify the processes in place for the
allocation of funds within the EU.
E-Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
The Africa-Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the
Conclusion
When looking at the policy recommendations
above, it becomes clear that there exists the
need to strongly integrate the diaspora in the
framing and implementation of the EU’s M&D
Policy.
In Table 2, the objectives of the Global
Approach to Migration are connected to the
recommendations described above in order to
visualize how an increased and integrated role
of the diaspora could be useful for achieving
the aims of the Global Approach to Migration.
A strong network of the African diaspora in
Europe is one tool to increase the contrib
Table 2: Strengthening the Role of the Diaspora Policy in the EU’s M&D policy
The Global Approach to Migration
Remittances transfers
Manage legal migration
Support initiatives by migrant groups and
diaspora organisations
Access to education
Policy Coherence for Development in
close cooperation with the countries
Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co-financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
commendations
above, it becomes clear that there exists the
need to strongly integrate the diaspora in the
framing and implementation of the EU’s M&D
In Table 2, the objectives of the Global
Approach to Migration are connected to the
ns described above in order to
visualize how an increased and integrated role
of the diaspora could be useful for achieving
the aims of the Global Approach to Migration.
A strong network of the African diaspora in
Europe is one tool to increase the contribution
of the diaspora to the EU’s M&D policy and
hence, its success.
In order to use this network as an effective
tool, it needs to be open to and cooperate
successfully with other stakeholders such as
the EU itself and its Member States,
authorities and civil society organisations in
the African countries of origin as well as non
African diaspora co
organisations in Europe.
To sum it up, by increasing the role of the
diaspora, it will be possible to improve the
development and implementation
M&D policy significantly.
Table 2: Strengthening the Role of the Diaspora Policy in the EU’s M&D policy
The Global Approach to Migration Integration of the Diaspora
- Provide small diaspora organisations with access to EU funds
- Simplify the processes in place for the allocation of funds within
the EU.
- Separate the management of migration from migration and
development.
- Consider migration as an opportunity rather than a problem.
- Follow a human rights based approach instead of a cost
approach when it comes to migration and development.
Support initiatives by migrant groups and - Acknowledge the diaspora’s contribution in the home and host
countries.
- Recognize the African diaspora as a development actor and
partner for development.
- Create a framework for dialogue and consultation with African
diaspora organisations in order to take the diaspora’s interests
into account.
- Support the foundation of African diaspora networks and
organisations and their initiatives.
- Accompany diaspora initiatives by mentoring and counselling
them.
- Provide relevant information and training for the African
diaspora.
- Inform migrants before and after they come to Europe
M&D policy.
Policy Coherence for Development in
close cooperation with the countries
- Integrate the dimension of migration in policy fields influenced
by migration and affecting migrants such as development aid,
13 financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
of the diaspora to the EU’s M&D policy and
In order to use this network as an effective
tool, it needs to be open to and cooperate
successfully with other stakeholders such as
the EU itself and its Member States,
civil society organisations in
the African countries of origin as well as non-
African diaspora co-development
To sum it up, by increasing the role of the
diaspora, it will be possible to improve the
development and implementation of the EU’s
Table 2: Strengthening the Role of the Diaspora Policy in the EU’s M&D policy
with access to EU funds.
Simplify the processes in place for the allocation of funds within
Separate the management of migration from migration and
Consider migration as an opportunity rather than a problem.
Follow a human rights based approach instead of a cost-benefits
approach when it comes to migration and development.
wledge the diaspora’s contribution in the home and host
Recognize the African diaspora as a development actor and
Create a framework for dialogue and consultation with African
the diaspora’s interests
Support the foundation of African diaspora networks and
Accompany diaspora initiatives by mentoring and counselling
for the African
Inform migrants before and after they come to Europe about EU
Integrate the dimension of migration in policy fields influenced
by migration and affecting migrants such as development aid,
E-Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
The Africa-Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the
concerned
Policy ownership among African
countries & support the development of
their own migratory policy framework
Promote triangular cooperation
Make use of bilateral channels & regional
and continental cooperation frameworks
References
Caritas Europa (2010). A reflection on the
dynamics between Migration and
Development. Reflection Paper.
CIGEM official website. (2011). Retrieved on
September 26, 2011: www.cigem.org
Commission of the European Communities.
(2008). Strengthening the Global Approach
to Migration: Increasing Coordination,
Coherence and Synergies. COM(2008) 611
final. Brussels :
http://ec.europa.eu/development/icenter/r
epository/COMM_PDF_COM_2008_0611_F
_EN_ACTE.pdf.
EU website on Migration and Development
(2011). Retrieved on September 19, 2011:
http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/what/develop
ment-policies/intervention-
areas/migration/index_en.htm.
EU website on the Thematic Programme of
Migration and Asylum. (2011). Retrieved on
September 29, 2011:
http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/how/fi
dci/migration_en.htm.
GFMD official website. (2011). Retrieved
on January 13, 2012: www.gfmd.org
Policy Brief Nr.1: The EU’s Migration and Development Policy
Europe Platform is financed by the European Union and co-financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
employment, etc. to increase the Policy Coherence for
Development (PCD).
development of
framework
- Respect the interests of the African countries of origin
- Justify, clarify and reduce the objectives of the EU M&D policy in
consultation with the diaspora, countries of origin, MSs and other
stakeholders in order to reduce its complexity.
Make use of bilateral channels & regional
and continental cooperation frameworks
- When dealing with M&D policies, local, reg
authorities as well as co-development organizations on both
continents need to be involved as well.
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dynamics between Migration and
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on September 19, 2011:
http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/what/develop
EU website on the Thematic Programme of
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GFMD official website. (2011). Retrieved
www.gfmd.org.
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2013 Introductory Part. (2010).
on September 28, 2011
http://staging.africa-eu-
partnership.org/sites/default/files/doc_jaes
_action_plan_2011_13_en.pdf
Thematic Programme "Cooperation with Third
Countries in the areas of Migration and
Asylum" 2011-2013 Multi-
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n-asylum/documents/strategy_2011
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http://www.africa-eu-
partnership.org/partnerships/migration
mobility-and-employment
14 financed by the Swiss Development Corporation,
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
employment, etc. to increase the Policy Coherence for
Respect the interests of the African countries of origin
Justify, clarify and reduce the objectives of the EU M&D policy in
of origin, MSs and other
to reduce its complexity.
When dealing with M&D policies, local, regional and national
organizations on both
Joint Africa EU Strategy Action Plan 2011-
2013 Introductory Part. (2010). Retrieved
:
partnership.org/sites/default/files/doc_jaes
_action_plan_2011_13_en.pdf.
Thematic Programme "Cooperation with Third
tries in the areas of Migration and
-Annual Strategy
:. (2010). Retrieved from:
http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/what/migratio
asylum/documents/strategy_2011-
Website Africa EU Partnership. (2011).
Retrieved on September 26, 2011:
partnership.org/partnerships/migration-
employment-0.