Dublin Core Conference, 12 October 2004, Shanghai, Chinap. 1

Making Metadata go away

Hiding everything

but the benefits Erik Duval

Dept. ComputerwetenschappenK.U.Leuven

http://www.cs.kuleuven.ac.be/~erikd

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creativecommons.orgAttribution. The licensor permits others

to copy, distribute, display, and perform the work. In return, licensees must give the original author credit.

Share Alike. The licensor permits others to distribute derivative works under a license identical to the one that governs the licensor's work.

p. 3 Dublin Core Conference, 12 October 2004, Shanghai, China

In a nutshell…

• Great to have all these metadata – DC, LOM, MPEG, …

• We should have many more– Not locked up, and different kinds…

• We should see many less– And make them work better for us…

• We can do this now!– Does not require technology

breakthrough!

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“The perfect is the enemy of the good”

--French proverb

Especially when perfecting the irrelevant!

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? Is this making life easier ?

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Articles of faith

•Standards are not for end users.

•Nor are metadata.•Nor was HTML.

(Or URL for that matter!)

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Which do you prefer?

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Tipping Point

Inflection “tipping”

point

invention adoption

pioneers

everyone

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You are not representative

People herecare a lot about features

People here wantreliability, convenience“no fuss or bother”

http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~jfc/cs160/SP03/

Chrossing the chasm

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How do we make this work?

1. “good enough” metadata can be generated automatically

– Not rocket science, but context!

2. Communities will add manual metadata

– They will be glad to!

3. Multiple metadata per object is OK!

– Especially subjective!

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Librarian metadata doesn’t scale!

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

APR - JU

N 199

7

JUL

- SEP 1

997

OCT - DEC 1

997

JAN -

MAR 1

998

APR - JU

N 199

8

JUL

- SEP 1

998

OCT - DEC 1

998

JAN -

MAR 1

999

APR - JU

N 199

9

JUL

- SEP 1

999

OCT - DEC 1

999

JAN -

MAR 2

000

APR - JU

N 200

0

JUL

- SEP 2

000

OCT - DEC 2

000

JAN -

MAR 2

001

APR - JU

N 200

1

JUL

- SEP 2

001

OCT - DEC 2

001

JAN -

MAR 2

002

APR - JU

N 200

2

JUL

- SEP 2

002

OCT - DEC 2

002

JAN -

MAR 2

003

APR - JU

N 200

3

JUL

- SEP 2

003

OCT- DEC 2

003

JAN -

MAR 2

004

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Electronic forms must die !

Ariadne, Merlot, …

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Source 1: Document itself

• Full text indexing– Google, …– Search Inside the Book®

• Integration in authoring tool– Microsoft, Macromedia, …– Includes author, date, …

• HTML scraping• Language: 20 words…

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Email: bloomba, gmail, …

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Desktop: Enfish, copernic

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Source 2: context

• Ariadne/Blackboard– User– Course

admin audience, language, subject, difficulty, …

– Local policy

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IndexingFormOCW.html

http://memling.cs.kuleuven.ac.be:8990/autoIndexingV0_2/IndexingFormOCW.html

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Contextualized search: Blinkx, A9, …

http://www.blinkx.com/

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Source 3: related content

Language from aggregate

Learning time= ∑ learning times

~ object oriented inheritance (aggregation!)

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Thanks to Wayne Hodgins & Learnativity!

English

French

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Thanks to Wayne Hodgins & Learnativity!

3+2+4+2=113

2

4

2

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We can cluster too!

http

://ww

w.v

ivis

imo.c

om

/

Also:• Grokker• Kartoo• …

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Really…

grokker

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Research on Content Model• “Documents must die”• Intra-object interoperability• Dynamic content compositionKatrien Verbert,

Erik Duval, Towards a Global Architecture for Learning Objects: A Comparative Analysis of Learning Object Content Models, EdMedia2004

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Source 4: Author• French• Physics• Free• university

• Dutch• Art history• Creative

commons• Academy

• French• Tennis• ©• Profession

al training

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Source 5: Actual use

• TiVo– Simple– Part of

“workflow”

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“stuff I’ve seen”

http://research.microsoft.com/adapt/sis/

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Social recommending

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Social recommending/transparent profiling

http://www.audioscrobbler.com/ http://www.last.fm/

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Manual metadata: Photolibh

ttp

://w

ww

.cs.u

md

.ed

u/h

cil/p

hoto

lib

/

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Manual metadata: CDDB

10,000 submissions daily from 160 countries in 65 languages

http://www.gracenote.com/music/

(submit a change)

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Manual metadata: ESP

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This is only the start…

• Search– Or rather: find, not search!– Also: information visualization

• Empirical analysis– What do people do with metadata?– Can we make them do better?

• Measuring learning effect– Not just download

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In conclusion…

• Great to have all these metadata – DC, LOM, MPEG, …

• We should have many more– And some different kinds…

• We should see many less– And make them work better for us…

• We can do this now!– Does not require technology breakthrough!– Document, context, related, author, use, …

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Want more?

http://www.prolearn-project.org/ http://www.ariadne-eu.org/

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The End...

Thanks!

Questions?http://www.cs.kuleuven.ac.be/

~erikd