Post on 27-Mar-2015
dr Velimir Petrovidr Velimir Petrović,ć, InstitutInstitutee IMR IMR
ddr Stana Petović,r Stana Petović, Ministry of Science and Technological Development
Science and Economy Profile in Republic Serbia
ERA INDICATORS AND WBC 02-03 October 2008.
Profile of west Balkan countries
• Albania• BH• Montenegro• Croatia• FRY Macedona• Serbia
Ministry of Science and Technological DevelopmentMinistry of Science and Technological DevelopmentRepublic SerbiaRepublic Serbia
Profile of Western Balkan countries
SerbiaPopulation: 10.16 million with APKosmetGDP (PPP): 77.28 bil. USDGDP (current): 41.685 bil. USDGDP groth rate: 7.3%GDP (PPP) per capita: 10.400 USDGDP by sector:
agriculture 12.3%industry 24.2%services 63.5%
Unemployment: 18.8% Bellow poverty limit: 6.5%Inflation rate: 6.8%Investments (gross): 20.1% od GDPPublic debt: 37% od GDPBalance: -6.89 miliona. USDExport: 8.24 bil. USDImport: 18.35 bil. USDExternal debt: 26.94 bil. USD /2008/
Izvor: CIA the World Factbook 2008
GDP (PPP)
billion USD
GDP (official
exchange rate) USD
GDP real
growth rate
%
GDP (PPP)
USD per capita
AlbaniaAlbania 19.92 10.62 66 6.3006.300
Bosnia and Bosnia and HercegovinaHercegovina
27.7327.73 14.7314.73 5.85.8 70007000
MontenegroMontenegro 5.925.92 2.952.95 7.57.5 38003800
CroatiaCroatia 68.9868.98 51.3651.36 5.85.8 15.50015.500
FRYFRYMacedonijaMacedonija
17.3517.35 7.57.5 55 8.5008.500
SerbiaSerbia 77.2877.28 41.6941.69 7.37.3 10.40010.400
Economic Indicators
Agriculture Industry Services
AlbanijaAlbanija 21.2 20.1 58.758.7
Bosna andBosna andhercegovinahercegovina
10.210.2 23.323.3 66.166.1
MontenegroMontenegro >80>80
CroatiaCroatia 7.27.2 31.631.6 6161
FRYFRYMacedoniaMacedonia
11.911.9 28.228.2 5959
SerbiaSerbia 12.312.3 24.224.2 63.563.5
GDP composition by sector (%)
Economy Indicators
Agriculture industri Services
AlbaniaAlbania 58 15 2727
Bosna andBosna andHercegovinaHercegovina
-- -- --
MontenegroMontenegro 22 3030 6868
CroatiaCroatia 2.72.7 32.832.8 64.564.5
FRYFRYMacedoniaMacedonia
19.619.6 30.430.4 5050
SERBIASERBIA 3030 4646 2424
Economic Indicators
Labor force – by occupation (%):
Unemployment
Population below powerty
line
Inflation rate
AlbanijaAlbanija 13/official rate 30 %
25 2.72.7
Bosna iBosna ihercegovinahercegovina
45.545.5 2525 1.31.3
MontenegoMontenego 14.714.7 77 3.43.4
CroatiaCroatia 11.811.8 1111 2.92.9
FRY FRY MacedoniaMacedonia
3535 29.829.8 2.32.3
SERBIASERBIA 18.818.8 6.56.5 6.86.8
Economic Indicators
“Black” Indicators (%)
INVESTMENT
% GDP
Public dept
% GDP
Current account balance
Million USD
AlbaniaAlbania 23.3 52.5 - 877- 877
Bosnia andBosnia andHercegovinaHercegovina
23.323.3 n.a.n.a. - 1.920- 1.920
MontenegroMontenegro 30.530.5 3838 n.a.n.a.
CroatiaCroatia 30.930.9 47.347.3 - 4.385- 4.385
FRYFRYMacedoniaMacedonia
17.717.7 30.830.8 - 202- 202
SerbiaSerbia 20.120.1 3737 - 6.890- 6.890
Indicators of economy I
Economic Indicators
Exsportsbilion USD
ImportsbilionUSD
Debt external
bilionUSD
AlbaniaAlbania 1.09 3.89 1.551.55
Bosnia and Bosnia and HercegovinaHercegovina
4.244.24 9.959.95 6.706.70
MontenegroMontenegro 0.170.17 0.610.61 0.6500.650
CroatiaCroatia 12.0212.02 26.5426.54 45.2945.29
FRYFRYMacedoniaMacedonia
3.353.35 4.984.98 3.973.97
SerbiaSerbia 8.248.24 18.3518.35 26.2426.24
Economic Indicators
Indicators of economy II
ElectricitybillionkWh
Oilbillion
bbl/day
Natural gas
millioncub. m
AlbaniaAlbania 5.39 7 066 2929
Bosnia andBosnia andHercegovinaHercegovina
12.2212.22 -- --
MontenegroMontenegro 2.862.86 -- --
CroatiaCroatia 11.9911.99 27 19027 190 1 4471 447
FRYFRYMacedoniaMacedonia
6.056.05 -- --
SerbiaSerbia 33.8733.87 14 66014 660 650650
Energy production:
Economic Indicators
Telephone
thousends
Radio
km
TV
km
Internet
thousends users
AlbaniaAlbania 354 60 3+623+62 471471
Bosnia andBosnia andHercegovinaHercegovina
989989 2626 3333 950950
MontenegroMontenegro 354354 3131 1313 266266
CroatiaCroatia 1 8321 832 117117 3636 1 5861 586
FRYFRYMacedonijaMacedonija
491491 8282 5252 268268
SerbiaSerbia 2 7192 719 153153 4747 1 4001 400
Communications
Economic Indicators
SCIENCE AND TECHOLOGY POLICY IN REPUBLIC SERBIASCIENCE AND TECHOLOGY POLICY IN REPUBLIC SERBIA
Situacion 2000. Situacion 2000.
• Recent R&D have no impact onto economy and Recent R&D have no impact onto economy and society in Serbia.society in Serbia.
• There has not been stable public funding of research There has not been stable public funding of research institutes.institutes.
• There has not been world-class research by a large There has not been world-class research by a large portion of researchers and institutions.portion of researchers and institutions.
• There has not been continuous and stable S&T There has not been continuous and stable S&T policy. policy.
• There have not been research focus and priorities There have not been research focus and priorities between different scientific disciplines.between different scientific disciplines.
• Funding of R&D has been low and research Funding of R&D has been low and research conditions are inappropriate.conditions are inappropriate.
• The brain drain problem has been very high.The brain drain problem has been very high.
• International research collaboration almost does not International research collaboration almost does not exist.exist.
2006.: - GERD as % of GDP: 0,46% - GOVERD as % GDP: 0,36%
Current situation in funding system
Sources: Republublical Office of Statistic, 2006.
Structure of S&T expenditures:
• by the business sector: 0.06 % GDP
• by the public sector : 0.36 % GDP
• other: 0.03 % GDP
Government sector (GOV: MS,MHE,Other ministries)
Business sector(BES)
Private non profit sector(PNP)
Republic of Serbia Republic of Serbia Ministry of ScienceMinistry of Science and Technologcal Development and Technologcal Development
Republic of Serbia Republic of Serbia
Ministry of ScienceMinistry of Science
0 1 2 3 4 5
Sweden
Finland
J apan
Denmark
US
Germany
Austia
Belgium
France
EU-25
UK
Netherlands
Luxembourg
Slovenia
China
Czech r.
Italy
Ireland
Spain
Hungary
Portugal
Estonia
Lithuania
Greece
Slovakia
Poland
Serbia
Latvia
Cyprus
GERD as % of GDP
R&D Intensity, 2007.
R&D policy – main objectives• to increase investments in R&D to 1.10% GDP...... by 2012
Mill. Mill. €€% %
GDPGDP
2007.2007. 101.4101.4 0.340.34
2008.2008. 107.0107.0 0.310.31
2009.2009. 231.0231.0 0.600.60
2010.2010. 343.0343.0 0.800.80
2011.2011. 476.0476.0 1.001.00
2012.2012. 578.0578.0 1.101.10
Budget for R&D (GOVERD)
Plan
Researchers in Serbia 2006.:Researchers in Serbia 2006.:
No of R&D No of R&D organizationsorganizations
No of No of researchers researchers
Faculties (at 6 universities)Faculties (at 6 universities)7766 (47%) (47%) 8.9028.902
(7(73,703,70%)%)
Research institutesResearch institutes5577 (34%) (34%) 2.7202.720
(2(22.522.52%)%)
Industrial institutes and R&D Industrial institutes and R&D unitsunits 3300 (19%) (19%) 457 457 ( (3.783.78%)%)
TotalTotal 163163 12.07912.079
Sources: Republublical Office of Statistic, 2007.
Republic of Serbia Republic of Serbia Ministry of ScienceMinistry of Science and Technologcal Development and Technologcal Development
The staticalal S&RD Indicators for 2006.
Sources: Republublical Office of Statistic,
2007.
No. of No. of institutionsinstitutions
No. of No. of researchersresearchers
Share (%)Share (%)
Natural Natural sciencescience
2323 2.1172.117 17.5217.52
Engineering Engineering and and
technologytechnology
4949 3.3623.362 27.8327.83
Agricultural Agricultural sciencescience
2121 980980 8.118.11
Medical Medical sciencescience
1313 2.3002.300 19.4119.41
Social scienceSocial science 3535 1.9711.971 16.3216.32
HumanitiesHumanities 1717 1.2501.250 10.3510.35
MultidisciplinaMultidisciplinar r
55 5757 0.470.47
TOTALTOTAL 163163 12.07912.079 100100
Institutions and researchers by field of science
Republic of Serbia Republic of Serbia Ministry of ScienceMinistry of Science and Technologcal Development and Technologcal Development
SCIENCE AND TECHOLOGY POLICY IN REPUBLIC SERBIASCIENCE AND TECHOLOGY POLICY IN REPUBLIC SERBIA
New S&T policyNew S&T policy Science Law was change to enable formation of new
programs devoted at economic and technologic development of the country
These programs are: program of fundamental researches program of technologic development national program for biotechnology national program on energy efficiency
New regulations and criteria are adopted for research funding from public source, as well as new system of financial support.
External evaluation of proposed research program was introduced.
SCIENCE AND TECHOLOGY POLICY IN REPUBLIC SERBIASCIENCE AND TECHOLOGY POLICY IN REPUBLIC SERBIA
The new S&T policy has the following The new S&T policy has the following basic components:basic components:
1. Scientific basic research that generates new knowledge and develop new scientists and knowledge workers.
2. Applied research and development that generates new technology and prototypes of innovative products and develops innovators and inventors.
3. Transfer of knowledge and technology into market. 4. Innovative products supported by efficient and
productive production processes or services.5. A global business and product development
collaboration, as well as the competitiveness of global collaboration.
Ostalo*0.6%
Istorija, arheolog. i etnolog.
8.2% Geo nauke i astronomija
4.8%
Biologija12%
Fizika10.1%
Hemija16.7%
Medicina12.1%
J ezik i književnost7.1%
Društvene nauke19.6%
Matematika i mehanika
8%
OSNOVNA ISTRAŽIVANJA
Broj istraživač meseci projekata po oblastima u 2008. god
* Ostalo = Elektronika i telekomunikacije, Materijali i hemijske tehnologije i Primenjena istraživanja u prirodnim naukama Ukupno: 40.266 I.M.
Društvene nauke12.6%J ezik i književnost
5.6%
Medicina21.2%
Hemija15.6%
Fizika9.2%
Biologija12%
Geo nauke i astronomija
4.6%
Istorija, arheolog. i etnolog.
9.4%
Matematika imehanika
8.8%
Ostalo*0.8%
OSNOVNA ISTRAŽIVANJA
Broj projekata po oblastima u 2008. god
* Ostalo = Elektronika i telekomunikacije, Materijali i hemijske tehnologije i Primenjena istraživanja u prirodnim naukama
Ukupno: 500 projekata
Jezik i književnost
6.6%
Društvene nauke
17.9%
Biologija
16%Matematika i
mehanika6%
Ostalo*
0.6%Fizika
12.4%
Hemija
16.5%
Istorija, arheolog. i
etnolog.9.1% Geo nauke i
astronomija4.7%
Medicina
9.8%
OSNOVNA ISTRAŽIVANJASredstva projekata po oblastima u 2008. god
* Ostalo = Elektronika i telekomunikacije, Materijali i hemijske tehnologije i Primenjena istraživanja u prirodnim naukama
Ukupno: 2.565.443.618 dinara
Republic of Serbia Republic of Serbia Ministry of ScienceMinistry of Science and Technologcal Development and Technologcal Development
Financial support to the projects in basic researches – 2008.
Technology Development Program:Technology Development Program: This programs aims to support local companies to develop or implement This programs aims to support local companies to develop or implement
new technologies in order to improve their competitiveness on the new technologies in order to improve their competitiveness on the global market. This program provides grants and loans to companies to global market. This program provides grants and loans to companies to engage experts from universities and institutes in their development engage experts from universities and institutes in their development projects. The areas covered are: information technology, electronics projects. The areas covered are: information technology, electronics and electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, construction and electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, construction industry and civil engineering, biotechnology etc. Priority topics are industry and civil engineering, biotechnology etc. Priority topics are specified, but one of the most relevant selection criteria is the financial specified, but one of the most relevant selection criteria is the financial participation of companies in their projects. participation of companies in their projects.
There are few specific programs or sub-programs that are addressing There are few specific programs or sub-programs that are addressing specific problems:specific problems:
• National programs National programs comprise research and other types of projects and comprise research and other types of projects and activities aiming to solve important national problems. Currently, the activities aiming to solve important national problems. Currently, the following national programs have been launched:following national programs have been launched:– Energy Efficiency National ProgramEnergy Efficiency National Program, aiming to significantly reduce energy , aiming to significantly reduce energy
losses everywhere and to substitute electric energy for heating with other losses everywhere and to substitute electric energy for heating with other energy sources (such as biomasses, gas). energy sources (such as biomasses, gas).
– Biotechnology and Agro Industry National ProgramBiotechnology and Agro Industry National Program, aiming to produce a , aiming to produce a group of food products for global markets and build their bread names. group of food products for global markets and build their bread names.
Republic of Serbia Republic of Serbia Ministry of ScienceMinistry of Science and Technologcal Development and Technologcal Development
NPBTN
Osnovne nauke
NPEE
Techn. develmentOtchert
4,1%
59,3%
5,0%
26,1%5,5%
ELEKTR-TEL
IND. SOFTW..
MASIN
Transpo
URB.GRADJ
ENERG
MATER
BIOTEH
Ukupno:4.997 mil. din Teh. razvoj: 2.142 mil. din.
Public expenditure for technological development
by field of science
in 2007
Republic of Serbia Republic of Serbia Ministry of ScienceMinistry of Science and Technologcal Development and Technologcal Development
Nac.program energ.
efikasnosti7.0%
Informacione tehnologije
4.1%
Energetska efiksnost
5.8%
Biotehnika24.9%
Materijali i hemijske
tehnologije9.6%
Energetske tehnologije i
rudarstvo5.8%
Urbanizam i građevinarstvo
5.5%
Saobraćaj4.9%
Mašinstvo10.0%
Industrijski softver
3.0%
Elektronika i telekomunikacije
6.8%
Prim. istraž. u prirodnim naukama
4.9%
Uređenje, zaštita i korišćenje voda
3.2%
Zaštita životne sredine
4.5%
TEHNOLOŠKI RAZVOJ
Broj projekata u 2008 god. - Ukupno 469
Zaštita životne sredine
3.6%
Uređenje, zaštita i korišćenje voda
3.5%
Prim. istraž. u prirodnim naukama
2.1%
Elektronika i telekomunikacije
8.7%
Industrijski softver
2.9%Mašinstvo7.5% Saobraćaj
4.7%
Urbanizam i građevinarstvo
5.5%
Energetske tehnologije i
rudarstvo5.7%
Materijali i hemijske
tehnologije7.7%
Biotehnika37.1%
Energetska efiksnost
3.8%Informacione tehnologije
2.8%Nac.program
energ. efikasnosti
4.2%
TEHNOLOŠKI RAZVOJ
Broj istraživač meseci projekata u 2008 god. - Ukupno 31.396 I.M.
Financial support to technological development -2008.
Nac.program energ.
efikasnosti3.8%
Informacione tehnologije
2.3%
Energetska efiksnost
3.7%
Biotehnika40.6%
Materijali i hemijske
tehnologije8.6%
Energetske tehnologije i
rudarstvo5.7%
Urbanizam i građevinarstvo
4.5%
Saobraćaj3.9%
Mašinstvo6.9%
Industrijski softver
2.1%
Elektronika i telekomunikacije
8.9%
Prim. istraž. u prirodnim naukama
2.1%
Uređenje, zaštita i korišćenje voda
3.4%Zaštita životne
sredine3.6%
TEHNOLOŠKI RAZVOJ
Sredstva projekata u 2008 god. - Ukupno 2.672.105.596 dinara
Republic of Serbia Republic of Serbia Ministry of ScienceMinistry of Science and Technologcal Development and Technologcal Development
• International Research Collaboration Program:International Research Collaboration Program: This program provides grants This program provides grants to local research organizations having projects that are parts of international to local research organizations having projects that are parts of international bilateral or multilateral collaboration projects.bilateral or multilateral collaboration projects.
• Knowledge and Technology Transfer Program:Knowledge and Technology Transfer Program: The program supports The program supports development of science and technology parks, incubators and innovation development of science and technology parks, incubators and innovation centers for knowledge-based and technology-oriented companies in order to centers for knowledge-based and technology-oriented companies in order to provide stimulating environments for local and foreign companies.provide stimulating environments for local and foreign companies.
• R&D Facility and Infrastructure Upgrade Program:R&D Facility and Infrastructure Upgrade Program: This program provides This program provides grants to universities and research institutes to upgrade their laboratory grants to universities and research institutes to upgrade their laboratory equipment. equipment.
• Communication Network and Computers Upgrade Program:Communication Network and Computers Upgrade Program: The program aims The program aims to build and maintain the Academic Internet Network and LANs that connect to build and maintain the Academic Internet Network and LANs that connect all R&D institutions in Serbia and provide international links to Internet.all R&D institutions in Serbia and provide international links to Internet.
• Development of Researchers Program:Development of Researchers Program: Provides support for participation to Provides support for participation to international conferences, study trips, and scholarships for postdoc fellows, international conferences, study trips, and scholarships for postdoc fellows, PhD and MSc students. PhD and MSc students.
• Purchasing of Research Journals and Books for Libraries. Purchasing of Research Journals and Books for Libraries.
• Support of Local Scientific Conferences and Journals.Support of Local Scientific Conferences and Journals.
• Science and Technology Information Sourcing Program.Science and Technology Information Sourcing Program.
• Support of the Serbian Academy of Science and Art and Program Matice Support of the Serbian Academy of Science and Art and Program Matice Serbian Serbian
• Support of science and technology oriented organizationsSupport of science and technology oriented organizations..
Other programs:
Republic of Serbia Republic of Serbia Ministry of ScienceMinistry of Science and Technologcal Development and Technologcal Development
Republic of Republic of Serbia Serbia Ministry of Ministry of ScienceScience
SANU, MS0.9%
Technology Development
Program30.0%
R&D Facility and Infrastructure Upgrade
Program8.6%
Research J ournals, Conferences and
Informations5.1%
Development of Researchers
Program2.5%
International Cooperation
Program1.2%
Knowledge and
Technology Transfer Program
0.4% Basic Research
Program50.9%
Others 0.4%
2004.
Public expenditure by programs:
The budzet for R&D in 2004.: 44.94 millions Euro
Basic Research Program37.2%
Knowledge and Technology Transfer
Program0.2%
International Cooperation
Program3.4%
Development of Researchers
Program2.8%
Research J ournals, Conferences and
Informations1.8%
R&D Facility and Infrastructure Upgrade
Program19.9% Technology
Development Program28.0%
SANU, MS1.3% Others
5.5%
2007.
International Research Collaboration ProgramInternational Research Collaboration ProgramInternational cooperation in R&DInternational cooperation in R&D::
International R&D collaboration is one of priorities of our International R&D collaboration is one of priorities of our RTD policy. Serbia participates in the FP5 , FP6 and FP7 RTD policy. Serbia participates in the FP5 , FP6 and FP7 programs of the EU as a West Balkan (INCO) country. programs of the EU as a West Balkan (INCO) country. Serbian researchers are also included in COST and Serbian researchers are also included in COST and EUREKA! activities. These programs allow Serbian EUREKA! activities. These programs allow Serbian researchers to have direct access to other research researchers to have direct access to other research centers and their research standards, which has a centers and their research standards, which has a positive feedback to the quality of research in Serbia.positive feedback to the quality of research in Serbia.
2001. 2002. 2003. 2004. 2005. 2006. 2007. 2008.*
Budget for R&D Programms
(mill.Din) mill. €*)
114219.12
185330.13
313245.85
354544.94
4643464356.056.0
6258625874.974.9
8314101.40
9051116.04
Budget for Iinternational cooperation
Programme (%)
1.88 1.42 0.98 1.21 2.722.72 3.893.89 3.18 11.01
* For 8 months in 2008.
Republic of Serbia Republic of Serbia Ministry of ScienceMinistry of Science and Technologcal Development and Technologcal Development
SCIENCE AND TECHOLOGY POLICY IN REPUBLIC SERBIASCIENCE AND TECHOLOGY POLICY IN REPUBLIC SERBIA
Number of PatentsNumber of PatentsTotal number of valid Patents is: Total number of valid Patents is: - From the Republic of Serbia- 388 Patents;- From the Republic of Serbia- 388 Patents;- Foreign representatives - 600 Patents.- Foreign representatives - 600 Patents.
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Domestic 156 161 96 70 112 59 3 31 73 86
Foreign 518 350 186 133 137 49 - 11 58 93
Total 674 511 282 203 249 108 3 42 131 179
Patent activityPatent activity
Number of Little Patents
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Domestic 54 88 92 65 5 111 86 100
Foreign 0 2 1 2 0 1 3 0
Total 54 90 93 67 5 112 89 100
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
2001-3* 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008**
Srbija Hrvatska Makedonija BiH Grna Gora Albanija
Ukupan broj naučnih radova
prosek do 25 avgusta
Number of scientific publications 2001- 2008
Republic of Serbia Republic of Serbia Ministry of ScienceMinistry of Science and Technologcal Development and Technologcal Development
Conclusions:Conclusions:• Statistical presentation of the indicators in the field of Statistical presentation of the indicators in the field of
economy and science is very important for creation of economy and science is very important for creation of future policy and development of science in Serbia.future policy and development of science in Serbia.
• Unfortunately, existing data on financial support of Unfortunately, existing data on financial support of science in Serbia, are not reliable enough and frequently science in Serbia, are not reliable enough and frequently very contradictory.very contradictory.
• Science funding in Serbia is mainly from public support Science funding in Serbia is mainly from public support and participation of business sector is marginal and and participation of business sector is marginal and practically unknown.practically unknown.
• Ministry of science and technological development of Ministry of science and technological development of republic Serbia intend to icrease financial support to the republic Serbia intend to icrease financial support to the science and applied research with the main aim to reach science and applied research with the main aim to reach the level of this support to over 1% from GDP after 2010.the level of this support to over 1% from GDP after 2010.
Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!!!!!
Ministry of Science and technological developmenthttp://www.mntr.sr.gov.yue-mail: stana.petrovic@mntr.sr.gov.yu