DO NOWIt is 1894, create a journal entry depicting

your life as a former slave.

POPSICLE REVIEW!

What study skill did you use to study last night?

                                                                                                     

Reconstructing a National Culture:

“Segregation in America”

The Purpose of Reconstruction The goals were to readmit states to the The goals were to readmit states to the

Union, create new political systems, rebuild Union, create new political systems, rebuild the economy, and expand and protect the the economy, and expand and protect the rights of African Americans.rights of African Americans.

The 13The 13thth, 14, 14thth, and 15, and 15thth Amendments Amendments extended new rights to African Americans extended new rights to African Americans and increased political participation at local, and increased political participation at local, state, and national levels. state, and national levels.

The Purpose of Reconstruction

The Freedman Bureau supported the development of The Freedman Bureau supported the development of a free black culture by building schools, hospitals, a free black culture by building schools, hospitals, providing social services, and advocating for equality.providing social services, and advocating for equality.

Many freedmen became tenant farmers and Many freedmen became tenant farmers and sharecroppers, but unfair labor contracts, poor soil, sharecroppers, but unfair labor contracts, poor soil, and the inability to own land kept most in deep and the inability to own land kept most in deep poverty.poverty.

Still, many tried to find ways to deny African Still, many tried to find ways to deny African Americans the rights to vote, own property, and Americans the rights to vote, own property, and attend school. Despite the efforts of reconstruction, attend school. Despite the efforts of reconstruction, blacks were treated as second-hand citizens.blacks were treated as second-hand citizens.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                

                                                                                              

What do you think are What do you think are some problems African some problems African Americans began to face?Americans began to face?

How did American culture change with freedmen?

Jim Crow LawsJim Crow Laws Plessy vs. FergusonPlessy vs. Ferguson Poll TaxesPoll Taxes Literacy TestsLiteracy Tests Inequality in EducationInequality in Education ViolenceViolence

Jim Crow Laws

State and local laws enacted in the Southern State and local laws enacted in the Southern and border states of the United States and and border states of the United States and enforced between 1876 and 1965. They enforced between 1876 and 1965. They mandated “separate but equal" status for mandated “separate but equal" status for black Americans. black Americans.

Plessy vs. Ferguson

Plessy v. FergusonPlessy v. Ferguson (1896) was a landmark (1896) was a landmark United States Supreme Court decision United States Supreme Court decision upholding the constitutionality of racial upholding the constitutionality of racial segregation even in public accommodations segregation even in public accommodations (particularly railroads), under the doctrine (particularly railroads), under the doctrine of “separate but equal."of “separate but equal."

Poll Taxes

a tax of a uniform, fixed amount per a tax of a uniform, fixed amount per individual (as opposed to a percentage of individual (as opposed to a percentage of income)income)

a tax formerly required for voting in parts a tax formerly required for voting in parts of the United States that was often designed of the United States that was often designed to prevent African Americans from going to to prevent African Americans from going to the pollsthe polls

Literacy Tests

a test designed to determine one's ability to a test designed to determine one's ability to read and write a given language; the term is read and write a given language; the term is often used, however, to refer to a test given often used, however, to refer to a test given to determine one's eligibility to voteto determine one's eligibility to vote

the 15the 15thth Amendment gave male aged 21 Amendment gave male aged 21 and over the right to vote, literacy tests and over the right to vote, literacy tests were used as a way to keep African were used as a way to keep African American men ineligibleAmerican men ineligible

Inequality in Education

Following the Jim Crow Laws, African Following the Jim Crow Laws, African Americans are banned from white hotels, Americans are banned from white hotels, barber shops, restaurants, theaters, and barber shops, restaurants, theaters, and other public accommodations. By 1885, other public accommodations. By 1885, most southern states also have laws most southern states also have laws requiring separate schools.requiring separate schools.

Violence

lynching, hanging, and rioting become more lynching, hanging, and rioting become more prevalent as tensions between the first and prevalent as tensions between the first and second class citizens increasesecond class citizens increase

many innocent lives are damaged or taken many innocent lives are damaged or taken through a misunderstanding of culturesthrough a misunderstanding of cultures

As shown in this Thomas Nast cartoon, Worse than Slavery, white groups such as the Ku Klux Klan and the White League used every form of terror, violence, and intimidation to restore a “white man’s government”

and redeem the noble “lost cause.”

Slavery is officially illegal in all countries, but there are still an estimated 20 million to 30 million slaves worldwide. Mauritania was the last jurisdiction to officially outlaw slavery (in 1981/2007), but about 10% to 20% of its population is estimated to live in slavery.

http://www.freetheslaves.net/about-slavery/slavery-today/

For the rest of the day…

Consider - Do you feel these or Consider - Do you feel these or similar problems are still faced by similar problems are still faced by minority groups in the United minority groups in the United States? Why or why not? States? Why or why not?