PRESENTATION BY:ASHISH DIXIT

PRESENTATION BY:ASHISH DIXIT

E mail- dixitashis@gmail.com

OVERVIEW INTRODUCTION NEED SPECIFICATION DNA V/S SILICON COMPUTER ADVANTAGES LIMITATIONS APPLICATIONS CONCLUSION

WHAT IS A DNA? DNA IS WHAT MAKES UP YOUR GENES AND STORES

ALL THE INFORMATION ABOUT YOU INSIDE YOUR CELLS.

SOURCE CODE TO LIFE INSTRUCTIONS FOR BUILDING AND REGULATING

CELLS DATA STORE FOR GENETIC INHERITANCE WE CAN THINK OF ENZYMES AS HARDWARE ,DNA AS

SOFTWARE

WHAT IS THE COLOUR OF THE SHAPES

IF A BALL AND BAT TOGATHER COST 1.10 RS.

BAT COSTS 1 RS. MORE THAN BALL,

HOW MUCH DOES THE BALL COST?

WHAT IS A DNA COMPUTER?INVENTOR:- Dr. Leonard Adleman

IT USES ENZYMES

AS A PROGRAM THAT

PROCESSES ON THE

DNA MOLECULE WHICH

IS THE INPUT DATA.

NEED OF DNA COMPUTER?

SILICON MICROPROCESSOR DOUBLE IN COMPLEXITY ROUGHLY EVERY TWO YEARS

REQUIRE A SUCCESSOR TO SILICON

DENSE INFORMATION STORAGE

A CD CAN HOLD 700 MB OF DATA,WHEREAS 1 GRAM OF DNA CAN HOLD ABOUT 10 POWER14 MB OF DATA.

SPECIFICATION

One pound of DNA has the capability to store more information than all the electronic computers ever built.

One cm3 of DNA can hold approximately 10 terabytes of data Would be more powerful than the worlds most powerful

supercomputer Unlike binary computers, which work with just two states, On

and Off (0 and 1), DNA computers will use the basic building blocks of life, strings of DNA, molecules of type A (adenine) ,C (cytosine), G (guanine), and T (thymine) ,perform calculations at unimaginable speed.

FIRST DNA COMPUTER UNVEILED IN 2002 USED IN GENE ANALYSIS

TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS

DNA MOLECULES WERE APPLIED TO A SMALL GLASS PLATE OVERLAID WITH GOLD

EXPOSURE TO CERTAIN ENZYMES,DESTROY THE MOLECULES WITH WRONG ANSWERS LEAVING ONLY THE DNA WITH THE RIGHT ANSWER

DNA COMPUTERS MOVED FROM TEST TUBES ONTO GOLD PLATES

“A LOGIC GAME-TIC-TAC-TOE USE DNA COMPUTING”

OTHER ADVANCEMENTS IN THIS AREA

SELF POWERED DNA COMPUTER UNVEILED IN 2003 FIRST PROGRAMMABLE AUTONOMOUS COMPUTING

MACHINE WITH INPUT,OUTPUT,SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE ALL MADE OF DNA MOLOCULES.

CAN PERFORM A BILLION OPERATIONS PER SECOND WITH 99.8% ACCURACY

BIOLOGICAL COMPUTERS DEVELOPED USED TO FIGHT CANCERS

“DESIGNER DNA”IDENTIFIES ABNORMAL AND IS ATTRACTED TO IT,RELEASES CHEMICALS TO INHIBIT GROWTH.SUCCESSFULY TESTED ON ANIMALS

DNA V/S SILICON COMPUTER

DNA HAS UNLIMITED MINIATURIZATION SPEED IS VERY FAST PARALLEL PROCESSING USED CHEAPER THAN THE SILICON NON TOXIC MATERIAL USED SIZE VERY SMALL VERY LARGE DATA CAPACITY

ADVANTAGES OF DNA COMPUTERS

THERE IS A PLENTIFUL SUPPLY OF DNA, SO ALSO A CHEAP RESOURCE.

DNA BIOCHIPS CAN BE MADE CLEANLY.

DNA COMPUTERS CAN BE MADE MANY TIMES SMALLER THAN THE EXISTING COMPUTERS.

EXCELLENT FOR HAMILTONIAN AND TRAVELLING SALESMAN PROBLEMS.

DISADVANTAGES

DNA has a half life. Solutions could dissolve away

before the end result is found. During an operation, there is a 95%

chance a particular DNA molecule will compute correctly. Would cause a problem with a large amount of operations

LIMITATIONS / CURRENT PROBLEMS

IT INVOLVES A RELATIVELY LARGE AMOUNT OF ERROR.

REQUIRES HUMAN ASSISTANCE. TIME CONSUMING LABORATORY

PROCEDURES. NO UNIVERSAL METHOD OF DATA

REPRESENTATION.

APPLICATIONSOF DNA COMPUTING

DNA CHIPS GENETIC PROGRAMMING PHARMACEUTICAL

APPLICATIONS CRACKING OF CODED

MESSAGES DNA FINGERPRINTING

CONCLUSION

DNA COMPUTERS SHOW ENORMOUS POTENTIAL,ESPECIALLY FOR MEDICAL PURPOSES AS WELL AS DATA PROCESSING APPLICATIONS.

MANY ISSUES TO OVERCOME TO PRODUCE A USEFUL DNA COMPUTERS

STILL A LOT OF WORK AND RESOURCES REQUIRED TO DEVELOP IT INTO A FULLY FLEDGED PRODUCT

MINIATURIZATION OF DATA STORAGE MASSIVE AMOUNT OF WORKING MEMORY

ANY QUESTIONS?

THANK YOU!! …………….