Post on 14-Apr-2018
7/29/2019 Diagnostic Procedure for High Risk Childs
1/21
Diagnostic Procedure for High
Risk Childs
7/29/2019 Diagnostic Procedure for High Risk Childs
2/21
Screening tests are performed at a specific time inpregnancy to determine whether a woman is at anincreased risk of having a baby with certain birth
defects such as Down syndrome, Trisomy 18, orneural tube defects. Screening tests DO NOT providediagnoses. Screening tests can only determine ifthere is a chance of having an affected baby.
7/29/2019 Diagnostic Procedure for High Risk Childs
3/21
A negative test means that your child is at decreasedrisk of being affected, and further tests are notneeded. A positive test means you are at increased
risk of having an affected child, but a diagnostic testmust be done to know for sure whether or not yourchild has one of these conditions. Although many
women with an abnormal screening test will have a
normal baby, only a diagnostic test can provideanswers.
7/29/2019 Diagnostic Procedure for High Risk Childs
4/21
Technically-advanced equipment and facilities helpus diagnose your baby's risks for genetic, growth andstructural differences.
Some babies can be treated with medications orthrough surgery while still in your uterus.
Our prenatal evaluations, fetal monitoring andscreening tools are designed to answer your
questions and detect or rule out potential issues withyour babys development.
7/29/2019 Diagnostic Procedure for High Risk Childs
5/21
Prenatal Screenings and Diagnostics Procedures
Amniocentesis
Cervical Length Assessment
Cell-Free Fetal DNA Screening
Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS) Fetal Blood Sampling
Fetal Echocardiogram
Microarray Analysis Screening
7/29/2019 Diagnostic Procedure for High Risk Childs
6/21
Targeted Ultrasound
Doppler Study
Culdoscopy
Colposcopy Fetal echocardiography
7/29/2019 Diagnostic Procedure for High Risk Childs
7/21
Amniocentesis
Typically performed from 15 weeks of pregnancy andbeyond, this prenatal diagnostic screening identifiesor rules out chromosome abnormalities such asDown syndrome, birth defects such as spina bifidaand genetic conditions such as cystic fibrosis.Information is obtained by studying a small sampleof amniotic fluid drawn by needle from the amniotic
sac that surrounds the baby.
7/29/2019 Diagnostic Procedure for High Risk Childs
8/21
Procedure
Before the start of the procedure, a local anestheticcan be given to the mother in order to relieve thepain felt during the insertion of the needle used to
withdraw the fluid. After the local is in effect, aneedle is usually inserted through the mother'sabdominal wall, then through the wall of the uterus,and finally into the amniotic sac. With the aid of
ultrasound-guidance, a physician punctures the sacin an area away from the fetus and extractsapproximately 20 ml of amniotic fluid.
7/29/2019 Diagnostic Procedure for High Risk Childs
9/21
Cervical Length Assessment
This examination is performed using transvaginalultrasound, for women who have had a prior pretermdelivery that was not the result of a medicalcondition, those whove conceived by any type of
assisted reproductive technology, whove hadcervical procedures or surgeries including cerclage,or who are currently experiencing symptoms ofpreterm labor. This test may also be performed as a
follow-up to a regular abdominal ultrasound(typically between 18 and 24 weeks of pregnancy) toverify an incidental finding of a potentially shortcervix.
7/29/2019 Diagnostic Procedure for High Risk Childs
10/21
Cell-Free Fetal DNA Screening
This screening can be performed as early as 11 weeksof pregnancy and is used to learn more about the
babys Rh blood factor type or potential forchromosomal abnormalities such as Downsyndrome. This non-invasive procedure includesdrawing a sample of the mothers blood forevaluation of the babys cell-free DNA (present in the
mothers blood). Ohio State was one of the testingsites for this new screening process.
7/29/2019 Diagnostic Procedure for High Risk Childs
11/21
Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)
Typically performed between 10 and 12 weeks ofpregnancy, this prenatal diagnostic test identifies orrules out chromosome abnormalities such as Downsyndrome and certain genetic disorders such ascystic fibrosis. Performed by one of our highlyexperienced physicians, CVS is done by sampling asmall amount of tissue from the developing placenta
(called chorionic villi). The cells from this tissue aresent to a special laboratory to have physician-ordered tests performed.
7/29/2019 Diagnostic Procedure for High Risk Childs
12/21
Fetal Blood Sampling
Also referred to as a cordocentesis, a small amountof the babys blood can be taken from the umbilicalcord for laboratory analysis. Our physicians haveperformed more than 800 of these tests. In additionto helping diagnose and monitor various conditions,specific treatments can also be administered to thefetus during the procedure.
7/29/2019 Diagnostic Procedure for High Risk Childs
13/21
Fetal Echocardiogram
This special type of ultrasound is used to evaluatethe structure and function of the babys heart before
birth. Commonly done as a screening, it helps todetermine whether the fetus has a congenital heartdefect.
7/29/2019 Diagnostic Procedure for High Risk Childs
14/21
Microarray Analysis Screening
This chromosome screening determine if a personhas extra (duplicated) or missing (deleted) genesthat may affect growth or development. It is ordered
by the physician because you, your child or someonein your family potentially has a genetic condition.This test uses a small blood sample to detect smallchanges in the chromosomes. The analysis takes
three to four weeks to complete.
7/29/2019 Diagnostic Procedure for High Risk Childs
15/21
Targeted Ultrasound
Using state-of-the-art ultrasound technologies, ourcertified sonographers use this imaging technique toevaluate the babys size, position and development.The technology is also used as a component ofdiagnosing developmental abnormalities. Usingsound waves (no radiation), the equipment producespictures of the fetus.
7/29/2019 Diagnostic Procedure for High Risk Childs
16/21
Doppler Study
This specialized type of ultrasound screeningmeasures the flow of blood through a variety of blood
vessels such as the umbilical cord or the brain. Theseare commonly done to help your OB/GYN offer the
best advice for your pregnancy when there areconcerning findings..
7/29/2019 Diagnostic Procedure for High Risk Childs
17/21
Culdoscopy
Is an important gynecological diagnostic technique,is gaining wide acceptance. Culdoscopy is a type of
vaginal sterilization procedure.Its name is derivedfrom the posterior cul-de-sac, a space behind
the cervix where it is possible, under localanesthesia, to insert a small illuminated telescopethrough which one may inspect the pelvic organs,
without having to resort to a major abdominal
operation, as was formerly necessary. Conditionsdiagnosable by culdoscopy include tubal adhesions(causing sterility), ectopic pregnancy, salpingitis,and appendicitis.
7/29/2019 Diagnostic Procedure for High Risk Childs
18/21
Fetal echocardiography
Is the name of the test used to diagnose cardiacconditions in the fetal stage. Cardiac defects areamongst the most common birth defects. Theirdiagnosis is important in the fetal stage as it mighthelp provide an opportunity to plan and manage the
baby as and when the baby is born. Not allpregnancies need to undergo fetal echo. Specific
maternal and fetal conditions would indicate theneed for this test.
7/29/2019 Diagnostic Procedure for High Risk Childs
19/21
Colposcopy
Is a medical diagnostic procedure to examine an illuminated,magnified view of the cervix and the tissues ofthe vagina. Many premalignant lesions and malignant lesionsin these areas have discernible characteristics which can be
detected through the examination. It is done using acolposcope, which provides an enlarged view of the areas,allowing the colposcopist to visually distinguish normal fromabnormal appearing tissue and take directed biopsies forfurther pathological examination. The main goal of
colposcopy is to prevent cervical cancer by detectingprecancerous lesions early and treating them.
7/29/2019 Diagnostic Procedure for High Risk Childs
20/21
A specialized colposcope equipped with a camera isused in examining and collecting evidence for
victims of rape and sexual assault.
7/29/2019 Diagnostic Procedure for High Risk Childs
21/21
Procedure
Colposcopy is performed with the patient lying back,legs in stirrups, and buttocks at the lower edge of thetable (a position known as the dorsal lithotomyposition). A speculum is placed in the vagina afterthe vulva is examined for any suspicious lesions.