Department of Disaster Public Health, School of Public...

MJ Moradian MD, MPH, PhD Candidate Department of Disaster Public Health, School of Public Health

Tehran University of Medical Sciences

1 www.sums.ac.ir/~moradij

From Dr.Kabiri' slides

Which style should I use?

• Various different styles are in use

• If you are writing a paper for an academic

journal, use the style that they specify

• If no advice, choose one of the

University’s recommended schemes:

Harvard, Numeric (Like Vancouver)

• Vancouver probably is the most suitable

one for Health & Medical subjects

Main Important

Referencing Styles

1. Author-Date Style

(Harvard Style)

2. Numeric Style

(Vancouver Style)

Author-Date format

In Text citations

• Cite your sources within your text by giving the author’s surname(s), year of publication, and (when appropriate) page numbers:

• Examples: – Contrary to popular perception, violent crime

has been shown to be decreasing (Johnson 2004)

– James and Peters (2003) have argued that…

Numeric system

In Text Citations

Each citation in the text is given a number in brackets:

Example: – Ericson (1) and Milne (2) take the view that…

but other authorities (3) argue that…

References are listed in number order in the bibliography, & cited by that number each time they are referred to in the text.

Numeric system

Reference List Bibliography

Example: 1. ERICSON, E.E., 1991. The apocalyptic vision of

Mikhail Bulgakov's ‘The Master and Margarita'. New York: Edwin Mellen, p.153.

2. MILNE, L., 1977 . ‘The Master and Margarita’: a comedy of victory. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, pp.62-3.

3. BARRATT, A., 1987. Between two worlds: a critical introduction to ‘The Master and Margarita’. Oxford: Clarendon Press, p.96.

NB Each reference number points to a single reference only

Harvard Referencing

Different Source Type Examples

Compile references for a bibliography using the examples given out which include:-

• Journal article

• E-journal article

• Film

• EU directive

• Report

• Wikipedia entry

Journal article

AUTHOR’S SURNAME, INITIALS., Year. Title of article. Title of journal, Volume number (part), page numbers.

OZERTURK, S. and SAGGI, K., 2005. Tariff discrimination versus MFN under incomplete information. Journal of international trade & economic development, 14(2), 197-208.

E-journal article

AUTHOR’S SURNAME, INITIALS., Year. Title. Journal title [online], volume (issue). Available from: URL [Accessed date].

REED, E.J. and WOLNIAK, G.C., 2005. Diagnosis or determination?: assessment explained through human capital theory and the concept of aptitudes. Electronic journal of sociology [online]. Available from: http://www.sociology.org/content/2005/tier1/reed_wolniak.pdf [Accessed 6/12/2005].

Title, Year of release. Material designation.

Subsidiary originator (usually director:

SURNAME in upper case). Production

details i.e. Place: Organisation.

Voyna i mir, 1968. Film. Directed by Sergei

BONDARCHUK. USSR: Mosfilm.

Report – or book?

AUTHOR, Year. Title. Place of publication: Publisher, (Report number).

DEPARTMENT FOR HEALTH. SOCIAL SERVICES INSPECTORATE, 1994. Services to disabled children and their families: report of the national inspection of services to disabled children and their families. London: HMSO.

Wikipedia

Things to consider…

• book/work usually known by its title

• no personal author

• paper/chapter from a book

• format for e-books and web pages

WIKIPEDIA, n.d. Sigmund Freud. In: Wikipedia: the free encyclopedia [online]. St Petersburg, Florida: Wikimedia Foundation. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigmund_Freud [Accessed: 1/12/2005]

Reference management’s

softwares

These softwares enable you to:

• Download and store references

• Include abstracts, keywords and notes with the

references & also fulltexts.

• Produce lists of references for yourself or others

• Automatically insert citations of references while

typing (Cite While You Write)

• Create a bibliography while typing (Cite While

You Write) 13 www.sums.ac.ir/~moradij

کاربرد

رفرنس ها در Onlineابزاري است براي جستجوي •

مخزني است براي رفرنس ها و تصاوير•

ن• وسيله اي است براي تدوين مقاله و تنظيم رفرنس هاي ا

ويژه گي ها

EndNote libraryبدون محدوديت در ايجاد •

بدون محدوديت در تعداد رفرنس هاي ايجادي•

در يک زمان libraryامکان باز کردن بيش از يک •

مستقل“ بطور کاملا libraryامکان کار کردن با هر •

، نوع و اندازه قلم هاEndNote libraryقابليت تغيير اندازه •

قابليت ذخيره مقاله ها، خلاصه مقاله ها، تصاوير و يا رفرنس ها•16 www.sums.ac.ir/~moradij

EndNote

• EndNote includes 35 different reference types each with 52 fields

• More than 1300 different output styles

• More than 480 different Import Filters

• Access over 300 Internet libraries (z39.50 sites) to search from within EndNote using connection files

• Access over Different databsesto search from within EndNote

EndNote libraryوارد کردن اطلاعات به

Export مستقیم ازOvid Medline

انتخاب یک نتیجه و یا نتایج

COMPLETE REFERENCE انتخاب

DIRECT EXPORTانتخاب

SAVE انتخاب

Endnote باز شدن سریع

مورد نظر جهت ارسال Library انتخاب

Export مستقيم از طريق وب سايت مجلات

Google Scholar

(Export مستقيم)

When the Preferences window opens, scroll

down to links to import citations into EndNote

Google Scholar

Direct Export Resources

Collection Website Data Type Format

Elsevier

(ScienceDirect) http://www.sciencedirect.com/ Journal Articles

Select

Export Citation

OVID http://gateway.ovid.com/ All Databases Select Direct Export

& then save

SCOPUS http://www.scopus.com Database Select Output &

Then Export

InterScience http://www3.interscience.wiley.com Journal Articles

Download Selected

Citations

Web of Science http://isi02.isiknowledge.com/portal.

cgi/?DestApp=WOS&Func=Frame Database

Select Export to

Reference Software

Embase http://www.embase.com Database Select Export

Oxford Press

Journals http://www.oupjournals.org/ Journal Articles

Select download to

citation manager

BioMedCentral http://www.biomedcentral.com/ Journal Articles Select

download references

Taylor & Francis

Journals http://www.informaworld.com Journal Articles

Select

download citation

BMJ.com http://bmj.bmjjournals.com/ BMJ Journal

Articles

Select download to

citation manager

EBSCO http://search.epnet.com/login.asp?

site=ehost All Databases Select Direct Export

www.eric.ed.gov

Database

Add to clipboard

button and then

Export 36 www.sums.ac.ir/~moradij

HighWire Press

(Stanford University

Library)

http://highwire.stanford.edu/

HighWire-

journals,

Medline

Select download to

citation manager

JAMA and Archives http://pubs.ama-assn.org/ Journal Articles Select download to

citation manager

Karger Publishing http://www.karger.com/ Journal Articles Select

Download Citation

PROQUEST http://www.proquest.com/ All Databases Select Export

Science Magazine http://www.sciencemag.org/ Journal Articles Select

download citation

Telemedicine

Information

Exchange

http://tie.telemed.org/biblio/ Telemedicine

Database Select Export

Thieme http://www.thieme-connect.de Journal Articles Export to Reference

Software

Free, open source alternatives to

EndNote

• KnightCite Citation Creation Tool - this site

generates citations in APA, MLA, and

Chicago citation styles

• EasyBib - this site generates citations in

MLA and APA formats

• NoodleBib (requires free registration) - this

site generates citations for APA and MLA

citation styles

EndNote

• Tech4Learning's Citation Maker (requires

free registration) - choose "Tools," then

"Citation Maker" to generate citations for

MLA and APA

• Scribe – this markup language is an

ancestor of HTML and LaTeX (a citation

system used by mathematicians,

engineers, and scientists)

EndNote

• LaTeX - this document preparation system

is for technical and scientific work. Click

here to download it for free.

• BibTeX - an off-shoot of LaTeX, this

markup language is supported by Google

Scholar

• Zotero - as an extension of Firefox, this

program allows you to import citations

from web pages into a personal filing

system (Firefox 2.0 is required to use this) 71

Users Opinion About

EndNote Web & EndNote

How EndNote Solutions Compare EndNote

Web EndNote

Save references + +

Organize & edit references + +

Storage capacity (number of references) 10,000 unlimited

Import from many databases and OPACs + +

Cite & format papers with bibliographies + +

Create & save advanced searches +

Customize views & displays +

Edit reference import filters & output styles +

Use term lists for auto-entry +

Cite tables, figures, & equations +

Work Offline (anytime/anywhere) +

Local Personal Files and Documents +

High Performance Desktop Environment + 73 www.sums.ac.ir/~moradij

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