Post on 07-Apr-2018
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POPULATION:
refers to the largest body of the case
or individuals being researched thatconform to a specific set ofparticular or eligibility criteria
SAMPLING:
Process of selecting a portion of thepopulation to represent the entirepopulation.
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POPULA-TION
ACCESSIBILITY
OF SAMPLEPARTICIPANTS
AMOU
NTOF
TI
ME
AVAILABLE
COST
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1. PROBABILITY SAMPLING
a. Simple random sampling
-Selection of the sample is done bychance.
- Lottery draw or a table of randomnumbers
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b. Stratified random sampling
- Population is subdivided into areas,
sections then random samples are takenfrom each
- example. Divide the students into year
levels: 2st year, 2nd year, 3rd yr , 4th yr andget random samples from each level.
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c. Systematic sampling
-consists of taking every nth person in a
school, community or telephone
directory.
Example. In a study of the health problemsin the community, the researcher may
decide to study every 5th family in a
barangay?
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d. Cluster sampling
-A small sample is taken from various
sections of the total population
Example. In studying the attitudes ofnurses in Baguio city towards work, asmall sample from each hospital will betaken.
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2. NON-PROBABILITY SAMPLINGa. Convenience or accidental
sampling
-data are collected from anyone most
conveniently available
- such as people on street corner or ina hospital or class
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b. Snowball or network sampling
- Kind of convenience sampling that
involves subjects suggestions or referring
other subjects who meet the researchers
eligibility criteria
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c. Judgmental or Purposive sampling
- Selects and Study a specific number
group that represents the targetpopulation with regards to certaincharacteristics such as age, sex, oreconomic status
- Tapping deans of college of nursing fornursing education studies
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d. Cross-cultural sampling
- Study is conducted in a variety of
cultural settings
- Example. Gathering samples from
Tagalogs, Ilocanos, Visayans,Bicolanos
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e. Longitudinal sampling
- A given group subject are studies for anextended period of time- retrospective/
prospective
-retrospective: growth of newborn twoyears ago to the present
Prospective: mastectomy patients arestudied from operation to 3 years after
discharge.
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f. Cross sectional sampling
- Subjects are observed at only one
point in time
- Asking high school students their
choice of career after graduation
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g. Quota sampling
- Researcher identifies the strata of
the population & determines the
proportion of elements needed in the
various segments of the population