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DB2 UDB the Basics

Keith E. Gardenhirekeithgar@us.ibm.com

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© 2005 IBM Corporation2

Introduction

DB2 UDB V8.2

Basic Database Administration

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Products

DB2 Personal Edition

DB2 Workgroup Server Edition

DB2 Enterprise Server Edition

DB2 Workgroup Server Unlimited Edition

DB2 UDB Express Edition

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Data Partitioning Feature

Data Data Data Data

Ethernet

Node 1 Node 2 Node 3 Node 4

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Instance Manages one or more databases

Must have root or Administrator Authority to create

db2icrt is used to create an instance

db2idrop is used to drop an instance

db2iupdt is used to update the instance

db2icrt -u fencedusr instance_name

db2start will start an instance

db2stop will stop an instance

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Creating the Database

Create db database-name

Creates three table spaces

Creates System Catalog Tables

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Create Database Command

CREATE DATABASE dbname AS alias_name

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Table SpaceLogical layer between Hardware and Database

Comprised of one or more containers

A container is a file or a directory

REGULAR

CREATE TABLESPACE name

LARGE

SYSTEM

TEMPORARY

USER

MANAGED BY SYSTEM system-containers

DATABASE database-containers

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System ContainersSMS Containers

USING (‘container string’)

DMS Containers

USING (FILE ‘container string’ number of pages)

(DEVICE ‘container string’ number of pages)

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Table Space Example

CREATE TABLESPACE TS1 MANAGED BY SYSTEM

USING (‘/home/inst01/database/ts1’)

CREATE TABLESPACE DMS01D MANAGED BY DATABASE

USING (FILE ‘C:\DMS\DATABASE\DMS01D’ 1000)

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Create Tables

Command Line

db2 create table ARTISTS (

ARTNO SMALLINT NOT NULL,

NAME VARCHAR(40),

COMPANY CHAR(20), BIO CLOB (10K) NOT LOGGED,

PICTURE BLOB (2700K) NOT LOGGED )

IN DMS01D INDEX IN DMS01I LONG IN DMS01L

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Create Table Script File

create table warehouse (itemno smallint, warehousename char(20), qty integer ) in dms03d;

The script file cr_warehouse contains the above info

db2 –tvf cr_warehouse

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Table CharacteristicsDescribe command

db2 describe table ARTISTSColumn Type Typename schema name Length Scale Nulls--------------- --------- ------------------ -------- ----- ------ARTNO SYSIBM SMALLINT 2 0 NoNAME SYSIBM VARCHAR 40 0 YesCOMPANY SYSIBM CHARACTER 20 0 YesBIO SYSIBM CLOB 20480 0 YesPICTURE SYSIBM BLOB 2764800 0 Yes

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Describe Indexes

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Moving Data

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Moving Data

IMPORT

EXPORT

LOAD

db2move

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Import / Export

FileImport

Export

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IMPORT utility

IMPORT FROM filename OF IXF

DEL

ASC

LOBS FROM lob-path MODIFIED BY options

MESSAGES

INSERT INTO table-name

INSERT_UPDATE

REPLACE

REPLACE_CREATE

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Export

EXPORT TO file OF IXF MESSAGES message-file

DEL

WSF

select statement

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LOAD

1) Load Loads data, collects index keys

2) Build creates the indexes

3) Delete Delete unique key violations place into exception tables.

4) Index Copy – copy indexes from temp table space

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LOAD Command

LOAD FROM filename OF IXF

ASC

DEL

LOBS FROM lob-path MODIFIED BY options

MESSAGES message-file

INSERT INTO table-name

REPLACE

RESTART

TERMINATE

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LOAD from Cursor

Create nickname sales for

another database SAMPLE table SALES

Create nickname employee for

another database SAMPLE table EMPLOYEE

DECLARE C1 CURSOR FOR SELECT SALES.SALES_PERSON, LASTNAME, FIRSTNME FROM SALES, EMPLOYEE

WHERE SALES_PERSON = EMPLOYEE.LASTNAME

LOAD FROM C1 OF CURSOR INSERT INTO LOCAL_SALES

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db2move

db2move

Database

db2move.lst

table.ixf

DB2MOVE

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db2move syntax

db2move database-name import

export

load

tc table-creators

tn table-name

sn schema-names

ts table space-names

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GUI Tools Using Graphical User Interface

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Using the Control Center

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Control Center – Create Database

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Examples of Table Space

CREATE TABLESPACE TS1 MANAGED BY SYSTEM

USING (‘C:\SMS\MUSICKEG\TS1’)

CREATE TABLESPACE DMS01D MANAGED BY DATABASE

USING (FILE ‘C:\DMS\MUSICKEG\DMS01D’ 161)

EXTENTSIZE 8 PREFETECHSIZE 8

CREATE TABLESPACE DMS01I MANAGED BY DATABASE

USING (FILE ‘C:\DMS\MUSICKEG\DMS01I’ 48)

EXTENTSIZE 4 PREFETCHSIZE 4

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Table Space Using GUI

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Table Space Using GUI (2)

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Table Space Using GUI (3)

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Table Space Using GUI (4)

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Command Editor

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Visual Explain

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Visual Explain

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Task Center

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Journal

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RECOVERY

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Recovery

Defining logs

Recovery of database

Recovery of a table space

Offline versus Online

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Database Recovery LOGRETAIN = NO

Database

S0000000.log

S0000001.log

S00000002.log

S0000003.log (Secondary Log)

S0000004.log (Secondary Log)

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Database Recovery LOGRETAIN = RECOVERY

Database

S0000000.log

S0000001.log

S00000002.log

S0000003.log

S0000004.log

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Backup

If LOGRETAIN = Recovery you may backup table space or database

If LOGRETAIN = NO you may only backup database

BACKUP DB database-name ONLINE to C:\backup

INCLUDE LOGS

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Recovery

If LOGRETAIN = NO, you may only recover the database

If LOGRETAIN = RECOVERY, you may recover a table space or a database from a full database backup

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Modes of Recovery Offline

Online

RESTORE DB database-name FROM file TAKEN AT time

ROLLFORWARD DATABASE database-name

TO isotime AND STOP

END OF LOGS

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HADR – High Availability Disaster Recovery

Database_standby

Database1

Laptop computer

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Performance and Tuning

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Performance and Tuning

Database Configuration parameters

Database Structure

SQL Statements

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Database Configuration parameters

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Configuration Parameters

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Buffer Pool

Database

Buffer Pool

Select * from Staff

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Monitoring Buffer Pool Hit Ratio

db2 get snapshot for bufferpools on database-name

Bufferpool name = IBMDEFAULTBP

Database name = MUSICKEG

Database path = C:\DB2\NODE0000\SQL00002\

Input database alias = MUSICKEG

Snapshot timestamp = 05/04/2005 13:11:37.329018

Buffer pool data logical reads = 336

Buffer pool data physical reads = 129

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Sort Heap

Sorts are done in sortheap

If no space for sort data is moved to TEMPSPACEn

GET SNAPSHOT FOR ALL ON database

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Package Cache

Dynamic SQL statements

Package Cache

Select * from Staff where ID = 10Select * from Staff where ID = 10

Update Staff Set Salary = Salary + 100 where ID = 10

Select * from EMPLOYEE

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LOCK

Locks are held to prevent loss of data

Lock Row / Table / Table Space

LOCKLIST

MAXLOCKS

ALTER TABLE table-name LOCKSIZE TABLE

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Show Locks

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SQL Statements

Determine which statement is causing the majority of problems

Determine what might be causing the problem

Testing the solution

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SQL Activity Monitor

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Visual Explain

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Table Statistics

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Performance Summary

Buffer pools

Numerous Database Configuration parameters

SQL Statement Tuning

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Security

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Security

Security is used at the operating system level

Table access is through the database

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Instance Level

SYSADM_GROUP

SYSCTRL_GROUP

SYSMAINT_GROUP

SYSMON_GROUP

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GRANT / REVOKE

GRANT access to an object/program

REVOKE access to an object/program

GRANT SELECT ON TABLE ARTISTS TO USER1

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Summary

The Relational Database can be simple or complex

The database structure is simple, Table spaces, Tables, etc.

Recovery is straight forward

Database maintenance can be automated

Tuning the database is a life long endeavor

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DB2 UDB Proof of Technology

July 12, 13 DB2 UDB Administration Proof of Technology

IBM – McClean Tec

8401 Greensboro Drive

McClean, VA 22102

Suite 120 First Floor

WebSphere Information Integrator July 14, 2005

Contact: Keith E. Gardenhire

keithgar@us.ibm.com

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DB2 UDB Proof of Technology Con’t