Post on 19-Mar-2016
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DATA, INFORMATION AND KNOWLEDGE
STARTER ACTIVITY
Open the PowerPoint:
L Drive Miss Pickles Year 10 Data, Information and Knowledge
Complete Task 1:
Find a definition for these terms: Data Information Knowledge
LESSON OBJECTIVES
Understand the difference between data and information.
Be able to identify data, information and knowledge.
Suggest why data, information and knowledge is used.
DATA
Data are raw facts and figures that on their own have no meaning. (e.g. readings from sensors, survey facts, etc)
Data can be numbers, words, letters, images, sound etc.
INFORMATION
Information is data that has been processed by a computer system to give it meaning.
Processed can mean: having calculations performed on it converted to give it meaning organized in some way
DATA INFORMATION21041926A,A,A,A,B,B,C,C,C,D,D
2010, 93, digital TV
Date of Birth - 21st April 1926A student’s predicted GCSE grades
In 2010, 93% of UK homes had digital TV
KNOWLEDGE
Knowledge is derived from information by applying rules to it.
Draw conclusions, make judgements or opinions. Make predictions and decisions.
Data
100, M4
Information
A vehicle is travelling at 100 mph on the M4.
Knowledge
If we apply knowledge that the speed limit on
the motorway is 70 mph we now know
that the driver is breaking the speed
limit.
Example
COLLECTING DATA
Data can be collected ...
TURNING DATA INTO INFORMATION
To turn data into information it needs to be processed.
Data Processing Information
Data Processing Information
TURNING INFORMATION INTO
KNOWLEDGEUnderstand the information and learn from it. We apply rules to it to learn. We can then draw conclusions, make judgements or opinions, make predictions and decisions.
SUMMARY
Information Data Context Meaning
Processing
Data Raw facts and figures
Knowledge Information Rules
QUALITY OF DATA
Garbage In Garbage Out
GIGO (Garbage In Garbage Out)
If data input is poor the resulting information output will be poor i.e. corrupt, inaccurate etc.
MEASURING THE QUALITY OF DATA
Is the data fit for purpose? Is the data suitable for doing the job for which it was collected? Is there enough data? Has the correct data been collected?
Is the data accurate? Has the data been made up? Is some data missing? Are their any mistakes in the data?
Is the data bias? Are questions worded to prompt a certain answer? Has a broad sample of data been collected?
ENCODING DATA
Data is often coded when it is collected on input into an ICT system. e.g. M or F Mo, Tu, We, Th, Fr, Sa, Su S, M, L, XL, XXL
ADVANTAGES OF CODING DATA
Coded data is quicker to type in
It takes up less storage space
It is easier to check a code using validation checks
It is faster to access data that is coded
DISADVANTAGES OFCODING DATA
Precision of data can be lost In the example all
shades of blue are coded as “blue”
The user needs to know the codes used
Data in
Stored data
Pink Blue Black Blue
Pink Blue Black Blue
LET’S RECAP
What is data?
What is Information?
What is knowledge?
What does GIGO stand for?
What does encoding mean?