Current Trends in OERGuest LectureAllama Iqbal Open University (AIOU), Pakistan

By

Ishan Abeywardena, Ph.D.

7th September 2015

Lecture Outline•Brief Introduction to OER•How Licensing Works•What OER to Use in My Teaching

(Desirability)•Focus Triangle for OER Projects

(Conceptual)

A Technical Perspective

“web-based materials, offered freely and openly for use and re-use in teaching, learning and research” (Joyce, 2007).

Joyce, A. (2007). OECD Study of OER: Forum Report, OECD. Retrieved December 12, 2011 from http://www.unesco.org/iiep/virtualuniversity/forumsfiche.php?queryforumspages_id=33.

OER

“teaching, learning and research materials in any medium, digital or otherwise, that reside in the public domain or have been released under an open license that permits no-cost access, use, adaptation and redistribution by others with no or limited restrictions”

(UNESCO Paris OER Declaration, 2012)

OER

UNESCO. (2012, June 22). 2012 PARIS OER DECLARATION. Retrieved June 13, 2013, from unesco.org: http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/CI/WPFD2009/English_Declaration.html

OER: Just another means of getting there…

four ‘R’s model:

Reuse

Redistribute

Revise

Remix

RetainHilton, J., Wiley, D., Stein, J., & Johnson, A. (2010). The four R‘s of openness and ALMS Analysis: Frameworks for open educational resources. Open Learning: The Journal of Open and Distance Learning, 25(1), 37-44.

O in O

ER

Openness

Increasing openness of the four ‘R’s: adapted from (Hilton et al., 2010)

BYBY-SA

BY-NDBY-NC

BY-NC-SA

BY-NC-ND

Unported

Porte

dInternational

Source: http://creativecommons.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/cc40-itshere-275.png used under CC BY 4.0 International License

•A more global license•Rights outside the scope of copyright•Common-sense attribution•Enabling more anonymity, when desired•30-day window to correct license

violations•Increased readability•Clarity about adaptations

What’s new in CC 4.0?

Source: http://creativecommons.org/version4

So…how do I find the material I need for my teaching?

i. Facilitate finding, retrieving and sharing

of OER.

Encourage the development of user-

friendly tools to locate and retrieve OER that are

specific and relevant to particular needs.

(UNESCO Paris OER

Declaration, 2012)

The Declaration

UNESCO. (2012). Paris OER Declaration, Retrieved September18, 2012 from http://www.unesco.org/new/fileadmin/MULTIMEDIA/HQ/CI/CI/pdf/Events/Paris%20OER%20Declaration_01.pdf

How useful is a resource really?

Measures of Usefulness

Openness

Accessibility

Relevance

Less useful resources are less desirable for teaching and learning needs….

What is Desirability?

The four R’s (Hilton et al., 2010)

▫ Reuse: the ability to use all or part of a work for ones own purposes;

▫ Redistribute: the ability to share ones work with others;

▫ Revise: the ability to adapt, modify, translate or change the form of a work;

▫ Remix: the ability to combine resources to make new resources.

Hilton, J., Wiley, D., Stein, J., & Johnson, A. (2010). The four R‘s of openness and ALMS Analysis: Frameworks for open educational resources. Open Learning: The Journal of Open and Distance Learning, 25(1), 37-44.

Incr

easi

ng

Ope

nnes

sOpenness

Access (ALMS)

Hilton, J., Wiley, D., Stein, J., & Johnson, A. (2010). The four R‘s of openness and ALMS Analysis: Frameworks for open educational resources. Open Learning: The Journal of Open and Distance Learning, 25(1), 37-44.

•Access to editing tools

•Level of expertise required to revise or remix

•Meaningfully editable

•Source file access

Relevance

Search rank Value

Below the top 30 ranks of the search results 1

Within the top 21-30 ranks of the search results 2

Within the top 11-20 ranks of the search results 3

Within the top 10 ranks of the search results 4

The level of relevance based on search rank (Vaughan, 2004)

• Users will only consider the top ten ranked results for a particular search as the most relevant;

• Users will ignore the results below the top 30 ranks.

Vaughan, L. (2004). New measurements for search engine evaluation proposed and tested. Information Processing and Management 40, 677–691.

i.e. Desirability

D-index = (level of access x level of openness x relevance) / 256

INVE

STM

ENT

QUALITY

DESIRABILITY

SHARING

ROI SUSTAINABILTY

FOCUS TRIANGLE FOR OER PROJECTS(Conceptual)

•Attributes•Objectives

INVESTMENT QUALITY

DESIRABILITY

SHARING

ROI SUSTAINABILTY

Increased Sharing

INVESTMENT

QUALITY

DESIRABILITY

SHARING

ROISUSTAINABILTY

Increased ROI

INVESTMEN

T

QUALITY

DESIRABILITY

SHARING

ROI SUSTAINABILTY

Increased Sustainability

Thank You