Post on 30-Apr-2020
Current and future Current and future Current and future Current and future challenges of the challenges of the challenges of the challenges of the
poultry vaccine industrypoultry vaccine industrypoultry vaccine industrypoultry vaccine industry
WVPA (India) ConferenceAdvances in Poultry Science for One Health
28th February 2020, Bangalore – India
Marcelo PANIAGOCeva Animal Health Asia
Kuala Lumpur - Malaysia
IntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroduction
One-fifth of livestock around
the world is lost to diseasesPopulation growth
7 billion
2011
~9 billion
2050
Increase the production by
improving productivity
Evolution of poultry Evolution of poultry Evolution of poultry Evolution of poultry industryindustryindustryindustry
WVPA (India) ConferenceAdvances in Poultry Science for One Health
28th February 2020, Bangalore – India
Very large farmsVery large farmsVery large farmsVery large farms
Thailand
Concentration of farms in the same areaConcentration of farms in the same areaConcentration of farms in the same areaConcentration of farms in the same area
Mexico
Concentration of farms in the same areaConcentration of farms in the same areaConcentration of farms in the same areaConcentration of farms in the same area
Delmarva peninsula - USA15 km 14 km
Concentration of farms in the same areaConcentration of farms in the same areaConcentration of farms in the same areaConcentration of farms in the same area
3 km
Indonesia
5 km
Global distribution on poultry productionGlobal distribution on poultry productionGlobal distribution on poultry productionGlobal distribution on poultry production
Source: http://www.fao.org/livestock-systems/en/
Spread of diseasesSpread of diseasesSpread of diseasesSpread of diseases
Illustrative figure
• Farm to farm
• Region to region
• Country to country
Other challengesOther challengesOther challengesOther challenges
WVPA (India) ConferenceAdvances in Poultry Science for One Health
28th February 2020, Bangalore – India
Challenges of the poultry industryChallenges of the poultry industryChallenges of the poultry industryChallenges of the poultry industry
Labor scarcity
Reduce the use of antimicrobial drugs
Animal welfare
Modern poultry
industry favors the
spread of diseases ?
“Quick“Quick“Quick“Quick and not always right” and not always right” and not always right” and not always right” conclusion …conclusion …conclusion …conclusion …
Less
antibiotics ?
Welfare ?
Labor ?Safer and more
effective vaccines !
WVPA (India) ConferenceAdvances in Poultry Science for One Health
28th February 2020, Bangalore – India
Novel vaccine Novel vaccine Novel vaccine Novel vaccine technologiestechnologiestechnologiestechnologies
The The The The idealidealidealideal vaccinevaccinevaccinevaccine
Safe
Applied in the hatcheries through in-ovo or SQ routes
Able overcome passive immunity
Induce broad spectrum of protection
Induce long-lasting immunity
DIVA’ble
Compatible with other vaccines
Cost-effective
Novel vaccine technologiesNovel vaccine technologiesNovel vaccine technologiesNovel vaccine technologies
Immune complex vaccine
Vector vaccines
Sub-unit vaccines
Gene-deleted vaccines
Reverse-genetic vaccines
Virus-like particles vaccines
Novel vaccine technologiesNovel vaccine technologiesNovel vaccine technologiesNovel vaccine technologies
Immune complex vaccine
Vector vaccines
Sub-unit vaccines
Gene-deleted vaccines
Reverse-genetic vaccines
Virus-like particles vaccines
Immune complex vaccinesImmune complex vaccinesImmune complex vaccinesImmune complex vaccines
IBDV
Production in
Embryonated
SPF eggs
Virus suspension
VP2
IBDV vaccine
strain
Specific antibodies VPI
(Virus Protecting Factor)+
Production in
SPF chickens
Antiserum
Immune complex vaccinesImmune complex vaccinesImmune complex vaccinesImmune complex vaccines
Advantages
• No interference with
MDAIBDV
• Administration in the
hatcheries
• Specific formulations for
broilers and layers
• Compatible with vector
vaccines
Shortcomings
• Technology seems to be
suitable only for Gumboro
Disease vaccines
Novel vaccine technologiesNovel vaccine technologiesNovel vaccine technologiesNovel vaccine technologies
Immune complex vaccine
Vector vaccines
Sub-unit vaccines
Gene-deleted vaccines
Reverse-genetic vaccines
Virus-like particles vaccines
Vector vaccinesVector vaccinesVector vaccinesVector vaccines
Vector HVT-NDV
vaccine
Vector HVT-NDV-IBDV
vaccine
Vector HVTVector HVTVector HVTVector HVT----based vaccinesbased vaccinesbased vaccinesbased vaccines
Advantages
• Evades maternally derived
antibodies
• Administration in the
hatcheries
• Long-lasting immunity
• Suitable for developing
vaccines against several diseases
Shortcomings
• Onset of immunity depends on
the replication of the HVT
• It requires liquid nitrogen
• Not compatible with other
vector HVT vaccines
Novel vaccine technologiesNovel vaccine technologiesNovel vaccine technologiesNovel vaccine technologies
Immune complex vaccine
Vector vaccines
Sub-unit vaccines
Gene-deleted vaccines
Reverse-genetic vaccines
Virus-like particles vaccines
SubSubSubSub----unit vaccinesunit vaccinesunit vaccinesunit vaccines
VP2 gene
VP2
IBDV = Donor
Bacteria or yeast
SubSubSubSub----unit vaccinesunit vaccinesunit vaccinesunit vaccines
VP2 gene
VP2
IBDV = Donor
Bacteria or yeast Inactivated vaccines
SubSubSubSub----unit vaccinesunit vaccinesunit vaccinesunit vaccines
Advantages
• Possibility to increase the
antigenic mass in the
vaccines (higher titers)
• “Animal welfare friendly”
production
• Reduced cost of production
Shortcomings
• It needs adjuvants (tissue
reactions)
• Individual injection (labor
demanding)
• Interference with MDA in
case of early administration
Novel vaccine technologiesNovel vaccine technologiesNovel vaccine technologiesNovel vaccine technologies
Immune complex vaccine
Vector vaccines
Sub-unit vaccines
Gene-deleted vaccines
Reverse-genetic vaccines
Virus-like particles vaccines
GeneGeneGeneGene----deleted vaccinesdeleted vaccinesdeleted vaccinesdeleted vaccines
One or more “non essential” genes related to the pathogenicity of
the microorganisms are eliminated. However, those genes related
to growth and immunogenicity are preserved.
GeneGeneGeneGene----deleted vaccinesdeleted vaccinesdeleted vaccinesdeleted vaccines
Advantages
• Possible application in the
hatcheries
• Do not elicit humoral antibody response
• Allows DIVA strategy
Shortcomings
• Possibility to revert to
virulence?
• Limited duration of immunity
• Affected by anti-infectivecompounds
Novel vaccine technologiesNovel vaccine technologiesNovel vaccine technologiesNovel vaccine technologies
Immune complex vaccine
Vector vaccines
Sub-unit vaccines
Gene-deleted vaccines
Reverse-genetic vaccines
Virus-like particles vaccines
Reverse genetic technologyReverse genetic technologyReverse genetic technologyReverse genetic technology
Source: Zoetis (Fort Dodge) leaflet
Reverse genetic technologyReverse genetic technologyReverse genetic technologyReverse genetic technology
Advantages
• Improve yield in SPF (or
clean) eggs during the
production of vaccines
• Vaccines closer to field virus.
• Quick response to any
changes in the prevalence of
field virus
Shortcomings
• Interference with MDA in
case of early administration.
• Tissue reactions after
injection
• Individual administration is
time consuming and manpower
demanding
Novel vaccine technologiesNovel vaccine technologiesNovel vaccine technologiesNovel vaccine technologies
Immune complex vaccine
Vector vaccines
Sub-unit vaccines
Gene-deleted vaccines
Reverse-genetic vaccines
Virus-like particles vaccines
VirusVirusVirusVirus----like particles (VLP)like particles (VLP)like particles (VLP)like particles (VLP)
VLP’s are formed by structural viral proteins which have an inherent property for self-assembly and mimic the morphology of the pathogen.
VirusVirusVirusVirus----like particles (VLP)like particles (VLP)like particles (VLP)like particles (VLP)
VirusVirusVirusVirus----like particles (VLP)like particles (VLP)like particles (VLP)like particles (VLP)
Advantages
• Vaccines closer to field virus
• Very quick response to any
changes in the prevalence of
field virus
• Several antigens in the
same vaccine (possible)
Shortcomings
• Cost of vaccine production
• Interference with MDA in
case of early administration
• Individual injection (labor
demanding)
WVPA (India) ConferenceAdvances in Poultry Science for One Health
28th February 2020, Bangalore – India
Final considerationsFinal considerationsFinal considerationsFinal considerations
What is the best technology ?What is the best technology ?What is the best technology ?What is the best technology ?
What is the best
technology to produce
poultry vaccines ?
Are new technology
vaccines always better
than conventional ones?
Food for thoughtsFood for thoughtsFood for thoughtsFood for thoughts
There is no technology that is “better” than others;
Food for thoughtsFood for thoughtsFood for thoughtsFood for thoughts
There is no technology that is “better” than others;
There are technologies that are more suitable for certain
diseases, field conditions, type of birds etc;
Food for thoughtsFood for thoughtsFood for thoughtsFood for thoughts
There is no technology that is “better” than others;
There are technologies that are more suitable for certain
diseases, field conditions, type of birds etc;
Some vaccine technologies can be associated to improve
convenience and broaden the protection;
Food for thoughtsFood for thoughtsFood for thoughtsFood for thoughts
New vaccines need to address the poultry industry’s
requirements: hatchery application, long-lasting immunity,
DIVA’ble, broad protection etc
There is no technology that is “better” than others;
There are technologies that are more suitable for certain
diseases, field conditions, type of birds etc;
Some vaccine technologies can be associated to improve
convenience and broaden the protection;
Thank you very much Thank you very much Thank you very much Thank you very much for your kind attentionfor your kind attentionfor your kind attentionfor your kind attention
marcelo.paniago@ceva.com
WVPA (India) ConferenceAdvances in Poultry Science for One Health
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