Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

CSE 1340CSE 1340Introduction to Computing ConceptsIntroduction to Computing Concepts Class 2 Class 2

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Review of course requirements:Review of course requirements:

Homework due Tuesday at beginning of class-- no lates accepted

Programming assignments due during lab hour or at the latest, 5pm the next day

Student’s responsibility to have work turned in on-time or early. Programs and their associated files must be uploaded to Blackboard by the due date/time

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Review of course requirements:Review of course requirements:

Review of course requirements:– Incentives for coming to class lecture

on Tuesdays and Thursdays • Unannounced quizzes• Unannounced fun logical quizzes and

bonus opportunities given for getting back points lost on turned in homework assignmentfor that week

• Interactive Class notes distributed

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Review of course requirements:Review of course requirements:Must enroll in a labLab sessions are mandatoryPop Quizzes cannot be made upHomework cannot be made upPrograms can be turned in late BUT

only 1 day late; no late points assessedMake-up exams only given if

documented excuse has been submitted BEFORE exam

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

CommunicationCommunicationOffice hoursvia email:

– Please identify yourselfBlackboard address

– http://courses.smu.edu (use your 8 digit smu id for your userid and password)

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Synchronization of passwordsSynchronization of passwordsYou can change your password in

Blackboard by going to your homepage and clicking on “change password” in the upper right-hand corner of the window.

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Class 02 objectivesClass 02 objectives List the basic components of a computer system Understand what a Computer Program is List the Programming Life-Cycle Phases Describe the characteristics of Java Explain the uses of Java and identify types of Java

programs.

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Computer Systems: Hardware and SoftwareComputer Systems: Hardware and Software

Hardware --- the equipment Software --- programs that run the equipment

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Computer Components-- Computer Components-- HardwareHardware

Arithmetic Logic Unit

Control Unit

Secondary (Auxiliary)

StorageDevice

Memory Unit ( RAM & Registers )

Central Processing Unit ( CPU ) Input Device

Output Device

Peripherals

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Memory UnitMemory Unit

is an ordered sequence of storage cells, each capable of holding a piece of information

each cell has its own unique address

the information held can be input data, computed values, or your program instructions.

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Central Processing UnitCentral Processing Unit

has 2 components to execute program instructions

– Arithmetic/Logic Unit performs arithmetic operations, and makes logical comparisons.

– Control Unit controls the order in which your program instructions are executed.

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

PeripheralsPeripherals

are input, output, or auxiliary storage devices attached to a computer

– Input Devices include keyboard and mouse.

– Output Devices include printers, video display, LCD screens.

– Auxiliary/Secondary Storage Devices include disk drives, scanners, CD-ROM and DVD-ROM drives, modems, sound cards, speakers, and digital cameras.

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

WHAT IS A PROGRAM?WHAT IS A PROGRAM?

A program is a step-by-step series of instructions for a computer

Computer programming is the process of writing these instructions

Programmers, or developers, design and write programs using a programming language or development tool

Java is a programming language that provides the structure for efficient and economical programs

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

1. Display a message on the screen asking “How many hours did you work?”2. Wait for the user to enter the hours. Once the user

enter the hours, store it in memory3. Display a message on the screen that asks “How

much do you get paid per hour?”4. Wait for the user to enter the rate of pay. Once

the user enters the rate, store it in memory5. Multiply hours by rate and store the result in

memory as gross pay6. Display the gross pay

A SET OF INSTRUCTIONS

Page 7

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Inside the Program

INPUTPROCESSING

OUTPUT

sum = sum + number;

number =keyboard.nextInt();

System.out.print(sum);

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

The Programming ProcessThe Programming Process Analyze the requirements

– Precisely define what problem is to be solved Design the solution

– flowchart – pseudocode

Validate the design Implement the design

– Code the program Test (debug) the solution (compile/run)

– Syntax errors– Logical errors

Document the program

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Program Development CycleProgram Development Cycle

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Phase 1 – Analyze the RequirementsPhase 1 – Analyze the Requirements

Verify that the requirements are clear and complete

Evaluate the problem to determine that it is solvable using a program

List the required input and output data

Determine whether the input data is available for testing

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Phase 1 – Analyze the RequirementsPhase 1 – Analyze the Requirements

Ensure that a solution, or algorithm, can be developed with the information provided in the requirements

Verify the user interface specifications

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Requirements Document

p. 13

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Phase 2 – Design the SolutionPhase 2 – Design the Solution

Develop a logical model that illustrates the sequence of steps you will take to solve the problem

Use design tools such as storyboards, class diagrams, flowcharts, and pseudocode to outline the logic of the program

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Phase 2 – Design the SolutionPhase 2 – Design the Solution

Storyboards are sketches of the user interface

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Phase 2 – Design the SolutionPhase 2 – Design the Solution

Flowcharts graphically represent the logic used to develop an algorithm

Control structures allow the programmer to specify the code that will execute only if a condition is met

Flowcharts use pseudocode, English, or mathematical notation inside symbols to represent the steps of a solution

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Flowcharting symbols

p. 17

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Phase 2 – Design the SolutionPhase 2 – Design the Solution

Pseudocode is an English representation of how the program code should be written

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Phase 3 – Validate the DesignPhase 3 – Validate the Design

The programmer steps through the solution with test data

The user agrees that the program design solves the problem put forth in the requirements

The user verifies that the initial requirements document contains all necessary requirements

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Phase 4 – Implement the DesignPhase 4 – Implement the Design

Write the code that translates the design into a program

Create the user interfaceCreate comments within the code that

explains the purpose of the codeUnit testing

– Test the code as it is writtenTest related code

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Phase 4 – Implement the DesignPhase 4 – Implement the Design

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Phase 5 – Test the SolutionPhase 5 – Test the SolutionCreate a test plan with test cases of

sample input data and expected output Perform integration testing to ensure

that components interact correctlyTest boundary valuesDocument any problems

– If results are unsatisfactory, a new iteration of the development cycle begins

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Phase 6 – Document the SolutionPhase 6 – Document the Solution

Requirements documents, program design documents, user interface documents, and documentation of the code

Test cases and proof of successful completion of testing

Program code should be archived electronically

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Programming languagesProgramming languages

A special language used to write computer instructions consisting of– Key Words

• Words that have a special meaning• Can only be used for their inteded

purpose.– Programmer-Defined Symbols

• Words or names defined by the programmer

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

– Operators

• Operators perform operations on one or more operands(a piece of data)

– Punctuation

• Punctuation characters that mark the beginning of a statement, or separate items in a list

– Syntax

• Rules that must be followed when constructing a program

Cla

ss 2

~ C

hap

ter

1C

lass

2 ~

Ch

apte

r 1

Conclusion of Class 2Conclusion of Class 2