Post on 31-Dec-2015
Cryptochidism definitionCryptochidism definition
Refer to a hidden testis or failure of the testis to descent into the scrotum.The testis may be found in the abdominal.Cavity or in the inguinal region and it may be unilateral or bilateral
CryptorchidismCryptorchidism
is an anomaly of testicular position and is the most prevalent, non dangerous developmental defect of the horse. Abnormal testicular location occurs when one testis or both testes fail to slide down completely from the fetal position in the sublumbar area through the inguinal canal into the scrotum
CryptorchidismCryptorchidism
refers to the nondescended testis (by extension, a horse with this condition is also termed a cryptorchid), and removal of a cryptorchid testis is sometimes referred to as (cryptorchidectomy).
1- If a testis and its epididymis are both abdominally retained, the horse is termed a complete abdominal cryptorchid
2 -If the epididymis, but not the testis, has descended through the vaginal ring, the horse is termed a partial or incomplete abdominal cryptorchid
Cryptorchidism of stallions is of Cryptorchidism of stallions is of considerable economic significanceconsiderable economic significance
the seminiferous tubules of the cryptorchid testis are rudimentarily developed and incapable of producing sperm
The incident of The incident of cryptorchidism in horsescryptorchidism in horsesTemporary inguinal retentionPermanent inguinal retentionIncomplete abdominal retentionComplete abdominal retention
Inguinal retentionInguinal retention
Inguinal retentionInguinal retention
Temporary and permanent forms have same anatomy the testis has passed through the inguinal canal but has not descended to scrotumTemporary form very common in ponies.
Incomplete retentionIncomplete retention
Epididymal tail descended but testis still in abdomen
Complete retentionComplete retentionTestis and
epididymal tail both in abdomen
Note that there is a small vaginal process and the remains of the gubernaculum (inguinal extension…) through the inguinal canal
Complete retentionComplete retention
Abdominal retentionAbdominal retention
Note that complete retention is more common on the left whilst complete and incomplete retention are equally represented on the right side – all to do with timing of descent of left and right testes
TreatmentTreatment
There are three method for treatment cryptochidectomy
1 -Flank method.2 -Paramedian method.
3 -Inguinal method.
Flank methodFlank method
A- Performed laprotomy in the flank of the side of retain testis
B- Introducing the hand into abdomen searching for the testis in the vicinity of the internal ring & having found it
C – taking the testis outside the abdominal opening and removing it by
the emasculaturD – suture the laprotomy incision
Paramedian incisionParamedian incisionThe same method of flank but the differ of site of incision