CRYOGENIC ROCKET ENGINE

INTRODUCTION

What is Cryogenics?

Cryogenic fuels can be used as rocket engine fuel.

Cryogenic Engines are rocket motors.

HISTORY

Space travel was mainly developed by the Russians and the Americans. Russian’s were the first to reach into the space.

Solid-fuel rocket engines were the first engines created by man.

All the current Rockets run on Liquid-propellant rockets.

The first operational cryogenic rocket engine  RL10 rocket engine.

SPACE PROPULSION SYSTEM

Spacecraft propulsion is any method used to accelerate spacecraft and artificial satellites.

Rocket Engines

Interplanetary vehicles mostly use chemical rockets as well.

Cryogenic Engine is also in use.

Classification Of Space Propulsion System

CRYOGENIC FUELSCryogenic propellant - the fuel and the oxidizer

super cooled gases -temperature lower than the freezing point.

To store them is difficult task

cooling and compressing them into liquids, we can vastly increase their density and make it possible to store them in large quantities in smaller tanks.

Nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, helium argon, neon, etc,

Liquid oxygen being the oxidizer and liquid hydrogen being the fuel.

Liquid oxygen boils at 297oF and liquid hydrogen boils at 423oF.

Components Of Cryogenic Rocket Engine

Thrust chamber or combustion chamber Igniter Fuel injector Fuel turbo-pumps Valves Regulators Fuel tanks Rocket engine Nozzle

Among them, the combustion chamber & the nozzle are the

main components of the rocket engine.

ROCKET ENGINE POWER CYCLES

1. Gas pressure feed system

2. Gas-Generator Cycle

3. Staged Combustion Cycle

COMBUSTION IN THRUST CHAMBER

Injector PlateInjector Plate

Testing Of Cryogenic Rocket Engine

Testing Of Cryogenic Rocket Engine

VULCAIN ENGINE

RL 10 Cryogenic Engine

RL 10 Cryogenic Engine

CE 20 Cryogenic Engine

Advantages

High Energy per unit mass

Clean Fuels

Economical

Disadvantages

Highly reactive gases

Leakage

Hydrogen Embrittlement

Zero Gravity Condition

CONCLUSION

• The area of Cryogenics in Cryogenic Rocket Engines is a vast one.

• Developments in the field of Rocket Engineering.

• Cryo propelled rocket engines are having a great demand in the field of space exploration.

• Due to the high specific impulse obtained during the ignition of fuels they are of much demand.

THANK YOU

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