Post on 07-Dec-2014
description
CRUSOE PROCESSOR
Contents
Introduction Crusoe processor VLIW hardware Code morphing software Long run power management Crusoe processor architecture Conclusion
Features
Mobile computing devices like laptops , webslates ¬ebook PCs are becoming common
Heart of every PC is MICROPROCESSOR.
The mobile computing market has never had a microprocessor specially designed for it
Drawbacks
Consumes lots of power They get very hot Needs a cooling fan When you are on go, a power hungry
processor -- run out of power before you’ve
finished--run more slowly and lose
application performance
This makes the resultant mobile computer:
Bigger Clunker Noisier
Crusoe processor
Designed specially for the mobile computing market.
Developed by small silicon valley startup company called Transmeta Corp
Easily understood from simple sketch of the processor architecture called AMOEBA
Crusoe processor
Hybrid processor It has a software part and a hardware
part with the software part layer surrounding the hardware unit
128 – bit microprocessor Fabricated on CMOS process Based on technique called VLIW
Crusoe processor
It uses Transmeta’s two patent technologies
Code morphing softwareLong run power management
CRUSOE - AMOEBA
Crusoe processor VLIW hardware Very Long Instruction Word Combines multiple standard instructions
into one long instruction word Explicit parallelism Trace scheduling Dynamic scheduling
128 bit Molecule
X86 INSTRUCTIONS
Code morphing software
Dynamic translation system Program that compiles instruction set
architecture( X86 target ISA) into instructions for another ISA (the VLIW host ISA)
Resides in ROM First program to start executing when
the processor boots
Decoding and Scheduling
Code morphing can translate an entire group of x86 instructions at once
Transmeta’s software translates instructions once, saving the resulting translation in a translation cache
The next time the x86 code is executed the system skips the translation step and directly executes the existing optimized translation
Decoding and Scheduling
The code morphing approach can amortize the cost of translation over many executions, allowing it to use much more sophisticated translation and scheduling algorithms
Speeds up execution while at the same time reducing power
Caching
Resides in a separate memory space that is inaccessible to x86 code
Size of memory space can be set at boot time
The crusoe processor’s approach of caching translations delivers excellent performance in real – life situations
Filtering
The code morphing software includes in its arsenal a wide choice of execution modes
A sophisticated set of heuristics helps choose among these execution modes based on dynamic feedback information gathered during actual execution of the code.
Prediction and Path Selection
The micro-op translation adds at least one pipeline stage and requires the decoder to call a microcode routine to translate some of the most complex x86 instructions
Implementing the equivalent of that fronted translation in software saves Transmeta a great deal of control logic and simplifies the design of chips
It also allows to patch some bugs in software
LONG RUN POWER MANAGEMENT
The TM5600 can adjust its power consumption without turning itself off
It can adjust its clock frequency on the fly
It does so quick and without requiring an operating system reboot or having to go through a slow sequence of suspending to and restarting from RAM
CRUSOE PROCESSOR ARCHITECHTURE
PROCESSOR CORE INTEGRATED DDR SDRAM MEMORY
CONTROLLER INTEGRATED SDR SDRAM MEMORY
CONTROLLER INTEGRATED PCI CONTROLLER SERIAL ROM INTERFACE
CRUSOE PROCESSOR ARCHITECHTURE
CONCLUSION
Highly integrated
Ultra-low power
High performance platform solution for the x86 mobile market
REFERENCE
JOURNALS IEEE SPECTRUM, MAY 2000,
“Transmeta’s Magic Show” CHIP, JUNE 2000 Pc Magazine , November 2000, “The
Mobile Edge”
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