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Cropping Pattern Changes in Andhra PradeshSidhu A, Anupama GV, Uttam Deb and Cynthia Bantilan

Introduction•Understandingcroppingpattern(shareofareaunderdifferentcrops),changesincroppingpatternandthefactorsresponsibleforchangeareimportant

•Changesincroppingpatternintwovillages(PamidipaduandJCAgraharam)ofPrakasamdistrictofAndhraPradesharestudied.

Objectives• Toanalyzethechangesincroppingpatternduringthelastfiveyears(2009/10to2013/14)inPrakasamvillagesofAndhraPradesh

• Toexaminetheroleofproductivity,profitabilityandlaborrequirementinchangesincroppingpattern.

Data and methodology •VDSApanelhouseholdsurveydata:2009/10-2013/14•Croppingseasons:KharifandRabi.

Science with a human faceAboutICRISAT:www.icrisat.orgICRISAT’sscientificinformation:http://EXPLOREit.icrisat.org

VILLAGE DYNAMICS IN SOUTH ASIA

Fundingsupport:Bill&MelindaGatesFoundation

InternationalCropsResearchInstitutefortheSemi-AridTropics,India

Profitability (` /ha)

Trends in labor Use (days/ha) in crop production

Crop productivity (t/ ha)

Results

Cropping pattern:

Pamidipadu: Kharif:Cottonareashareincreasedfrom2%to53%.ShareofJuteareatothetotalcroppedareahasincreasedfrom6%to30%overthelastfiveyears.Pigeonpeaareahasgonedownfrom33%to2.5%,Sorghumfodderareadecreasedfrom21%to8%andLadyfingersat45%in2009isabsentnow.Farmersstartedmaizecultivationin2013(34%area).

Rabi:Chickpeaareasharedroppedfrom57%to49%,Chilliesareasharehasincreasedfrom6%to19%from2009to2013.DecreasingtrendswereobservedinTobacco(18%to12%)overpastfiveyearsurveyperiod.Chilliesandblackgramaretheothercropsgrown.

JCAgraharam:

Kharif:Sesamumareahasexpandedto67%andcottonareasharerosefrom24%to31%overthelastfiveyears.Paddyareasharehasdeclinedfrom29%to15%andPigeonpeasharefrom58%to5%.

Rabi:Maizeareahasincreasedto24%andSesamumto37%.Sunflowerareahasdroppedfrom60%toniloverthelastfiveyears.Chickpea,variga,coriander,paddyaretheothercropsgrown.

Drivers of change:

Farmerspreferencetochillies,inspiteofhighriskofpricefluctuationisduetohighreturns(`269,255perhectarein2013)andincreasingproductivity

Tobaccoareadeclinedduetogovernmentbanonbarnlicense,highcostofinputs

Maizeareaincreaseisdrivenbygrowthinproductivityandprofitability.Seedcompaniesprovidetheseedatfarmersdoorandcollecttheproduceatremunerativeprice.

ConclusionChangesincroppingpatternweredrivenbythenetincomeperhectare.Increasedproductivitywasthemainfactorbehindincreasedprofitincropproduction.Aslongasfarmersreceivehigherprofit,theyarereadytouserequiredamountoflaborforcropproduction.

Cropping pattern