Post on 02-Jun-2018
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
1/52
Critical ReasoningStrategy Guide
(WithCR Birds Eye View)
By Veera Karthik Gonagundla(GMAT: 710)
This is prepared based on the LSAT LR Bible; Sandeep Guptas freely
distributed material and many other online resources and books. This book is
not for sale and is prepared only with an intention to enable a student revise all
the concepts related to Critical Reasoning.
This book also contains CR Birds Eye View prepared by Veera Karthik
Gonagundla, a diagrammatic representation for all the strategies to all the
question types.
??
500 LR B, 1000
O50 ?
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
2/52
C C
F ,
. H, ; , . Y , ,
. A , .
I ,
( ).
GMAT ( S) ( F).
U .
A : (T CR B. B I ).
1. C ( U )
2. R
3. R
4. P ...
5. R 5 ,
.
A :A , .
M . T LSAT . M , , GMAT .
F, : ?
Y . A .
F .
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
3/52
R .
B , A S:
A A 3 , F, C B I.
F:P, S, C, C, E, S, D,E, P, P
C:P, P, C, V P, O, C C B I:N P. T
S . N C. T .
A F GMAT : .
F
. W , .
S , , .
A :
A , ,
T , , W ?
W I ? W ?
A :A
T , , W ? W ? W ?
B , .
A .
A .
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
4/52
A .
I C I
T ,
.
I , . I , . A P. A .
T , , .
I ,
.
F:
T, S ......, C.
E: T, , I .
A I:
S .
T :
A P IFM
BI
W
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
5/52
T , .
E: M, I P J .
C I:
C ,
.
C, ,
.
C IB YH O A I
A E S W
I DA
C I :F I
T
() ().U . O , . I ,
. I , . C .
C A:
S .C . I , , ( ).
I , . T ( ) , .
T, .
O ,
, . T
.
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
6/52
A C C:O . T
.
:W . T ,
, , ?
L R
.Y ,
, .
A A:T ,
? D ? O
?H ? W ,
: D ?
T ?
A . F ,
: A . A . T, .
E , .
T . T
.
N . T
.
I A:
I , . T,
, .
I ,
. A .
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
7/52
T : ( , ) .I , , ,
. A , .
W ?
W ?
T
.
W .
O GMAT .
O GMAT
.
I I
:A , .
L C:
T ""
"!" S GMAT . A
, , NOT .C CT ( ) . T GMAT
:S, T, T, T, C, C, A , F , T
, T .
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
8/52
CT GMAT :S, T , B, F ( )
CO CR ,
:S , M , S , E .
CT, , . T , (
). S :
B, H, N, E, , D , R, Y.W , . ( A/S )
A C:
Y .
L E L R GMAT :
1. M B T/M S2. M P3. P I
4. A5. J C6. S/S7. R P
8. W9. M R10. F R11. P R
12. E A13. C B T
1. B /
T M B T. M B T .
I , ?
W ?
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
9/52
2.
M P M B T . A , M P .
Q :
T
3. I
P I
, .Q :
L M
4. A
T . Q
:
W ?
5. J C
J C ,
, . Q :
W , ,
?
6. /
T . Q :
W , , ?
W , , ?
7.
E R P .
Y . Q :
W , ,
?
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
10/52
8.
W . Q :
W , , ?
9.
M R , , . Q :
W ?
10.F
F R , , . Q :
T
11.
P R . Q :W
?
12.E A
W E A . Q :
T
?
13.C B
C B T . Q :I , CANNOT ?
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
11/52
F #1, M B P F, :
(1) M B T
(2) M P(3) P I(9) M R(10) F R
(11) P RF #2, H F, :
(4) A
(5) J C
(6) S/S(7) R P
F #3, H F, :(8) W
F #4, D F, :
(13) C B T
T :1.
T ( ) ,
( ) .
2. T ( )
( , W
M B T?).
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
12/52
F F
T F Q F
.
W , . A, ,
, .
B ( ),
.
Y .
T , , ... ( ). I
.
T F Q F:
1. Y .
2. A
.
F
T S Q F .
Y , .A , ( ).
W , ,... ( ). B , .
O , ,
. W , ?
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
13/52
T S Q F:1. T . T
, , .
2. T ,
. Y .
F
A . I , .
1. T . T , .
2. T , . Y
.
F F
U
.I ;
.
F F Q F, :1. Y
.
2. A . T
.
E A .
I ,
. F, . E ,
. S, , .
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
14/52
O , ; . N,
.
E L
B , . L, .
W ,
. T, W EXCEPT , ( ).
S X: S .M T X: C
R X: D .
T (, ).
A ,
.
I , ,
. I, .A , (, , , .)
. T, .
NOT EXCEPT LEAST.
P A:P .
S , , .S .
A . P
.
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
15/52
C A U.
E
. E .
R: ; , .
T .
E GA : .
R , . I , .
#1:D .
#2:I ,
. I , .
#3:I , .
#4:R . D !
#5:C . D .
#6:P: ,
.
#7:A .
#8:S C L. A , C .
#9: I L,
.
A , :
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
16/52
T F . N .
T S F
. I .
T T F .
I .
T F F
. N .
B , .
C # B
T .
F :T M B T .D ( ).
1. T ,
:
I ...T , ...I ...
T F F .
2. T , :
... ?... ?
... ?W ...
R, .
T R C M B T.T , , . T . B
M B T.
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
17/52
B , .
T .
I M B T S H,
.
W , , . W .
A , , , ,, , , , , .
R . E , ,
.
M , 2 :
A: P A . PA .
C A: A .
I :
C A:B M B T, .
E A:
T , .
N I A:E .
E .
T S G:A ,
, .
T O :H .
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
18/52
T :T R A , , .
S G , ,
. T .
W , M B T
.
W , , .
T
.
C #
E ,
.A .
E
R
I :
A A
T M /C I S . B
, I M P .
A M Q.
M P Q , .L .
A . T . N ; M P ( M P
M B T ).
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
19/52
T , .F B M P .
C # :
W .
1. T . B
, , . I , , .O
.2. F . A W
. T ,
.3. T . T , .
4. W . B
.
5. T , . U M B T , W . J
. Y .
M W .W :
W U
C A .
P: O .
C: T , .
I, . I , . S ,
.
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
20/52
A .T .
I .
A , .
C S:1. I I. T ,
. T .
2. I C. T .3. Q C. T .
I A :
1. O : I
.2. S G : S G
, .
3. O
N .
I , .
S (S).
D
.
R, , .
O . T GMAT , . T . N
GMAT.
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
21/52
W C R:T , .T
.C # C E R
C . T C
E. C .T C .
D C C
1. C: T C
C. S , .
2. C : T , .
3. T L .
I , .I , ,
( , ).
S E C:
1. O W , .
E: E . H, .
2. T ( )
W , . W , , .
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
22/52
C A C CM GMAT ; .W GMAT ,
.
H C C:
A W :
A. F
B. S , C. S ,
D. S E. S
. I , .
D
.
T .
A GMAT . R
.
M : ;
; ; ; .
D , ? R .
C # , J C & A
T F Q.
1. T .2.
F . A .
3. T . T , .
4. T .
5. T , .
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
23/52
D S, J A Q
S . T ,
. S , , 1% 100%, .
J C . C S , J 100% ;
.L , J C
.
A . A
. A .
H A:
1. I !2. P .3. L . I
, . C
.
M S . T , .
4.
A .
5. R . T .
I :1. O .2. S G
3. O
P .
C
B S W , W . I S , :
A. E .
B. S ,
C. S ,
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
24/52
D. E
E. S ,
J C:
T .P + A C = C
T J C . T J :A (C) C ()
T .
M J ,
.M J C :
1. T . B J
, .2. T
.3. T . 100% J .
I C.T, S . R, S
1% 100%. A J C 100%.
S J Q :1. A .
2. E .
3. E .
I , : .( U ) ( I )
E: P: E M .C: J .
T J M.
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
25/52
A :
A ; , .
Y
. T .
J J , .
C ()A (T)
T ,
.A .
A :1.T , , .
P .
2.T .
/D A :
T S , , .D
.
S . D .
T , .
I A
, D .
S A: T .D A: T
. I , .E ,
. B ( ) .
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
26/52
A :
A N T C
.
1. L .2. T .
3.
C(V)A (T)I , . T , .
A (T) //C (V)
W () .
:
N .
T , .
I .T :
I .
T :I .
L O A => N
L O S => N
A => N E => N
S => S => N
T S: S
.
T , .
AB => A B M : A B ( )
W => M
A .
T , , . I A . A, , ,
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
27/52
.
T A
.P: AB C ; C: AD ; A: CD
I A ,
.
I A , . I ,
.
A C:W GMAT ,
.
A S
. T A :
A. E
B. S ,
C. S , D. E E. S ,
C # :
R P
: .
S :B , R P
:1. N 2.
L ; : B, H, S, ,, , .
Q :1. Y
.
2. K :
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
28/52
A R PE DR C
CP
Y ;
.
A R X
. T , , , .
A R .
B ,
.I ,
. T .
I , . C,
,
.
R,
.
M . T . T
?
Y .
I A C:1. E .2. S .
C .
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
29/52
C # :
I .F:
1. Y
.
2.
A .
M R , . T ,
.
F : I ,
.
A .I ,
.
W .
I :1. N .
2. H , H
3.
E 4. O 5. R
A
A P (AP) M R . IMAP ,
.
B ,
.
MAP
. I , .O MAP
.
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
30/52
C # F :
F R M R .
T .
1. I
I , .
2. I
C :1. U ( )
2.
S A: I , .3. C R: R .4. E C R:
,
W M N M R,
5. M C E: A
. A . F ,
. F
.6. S M: T
, .
7. G L :
.
8. I C: S9. A F: ( A : U
. A P : A
. A : . )
10.S E: T LSAT ,
, . H, :T , S , .
11.E /O:
, .
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
31/52
12.E D: A () .
13.F A: U .
14.F : A ( ) .
15.
E : . L . . L
. . S . T ; . . S
. T ;
.16.T : A ;
C, .
17.N : I .
S :
Q .I
T : , . D
! T , .
C # :
P R . T
.
T .
W P R , P F .T . N ,
.
T (S ) .I,
: , , , .
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
32/52
A , . Y
, .
T :T
T U :
1. T M R
2. T 3. T
4. T : P 5. T : , , , , , S
, S ;: A = .
6. M ( )
W , . S .
M .
I ,
,
.
T ,
, , . T, .
C # :
S .
M #1: I .M #2: D .M #3: I .
M #4: D .M #5: L , .M #6: L ,
.
W :A Q
S TC T
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
33/52
W :P PF RI L
P SS
U M B T :
1. I , .2. I ,
.3. I ,
, , .
:T ,
() ?
M . M
() . R , 100%.
C # E :
I
. B , , ,
, . P ,
.
S .
: F , , . I , .
I , 0% 100% . A
. C .
T : Y N; 0 100; ; C .
I ,
.
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
34/52
T E A , V T TM . I ,
. I , .
T V T C ( ) ( ).
C # C :
I C B T .
A .T
.
W Q: A C : S
F , C B T :1. P O M B T Q2. R W Q
Y , .
Y .C B T . T .
T : S
; S ; .
R, C B T ,
.
I , , :
T , .
T, C B T , .
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
35/52
C # I
P , . T
, .
I I :
T .
E F : W , . A .D A D : O, , .
T . R,
.T V O : A .
A/D :T
I . T . , I, . I , .
C # :
A
. F , S . A
,
.
P (PR) . F , S P
(SPR), J P (JPR), C B TP (CPR), . I ,
P .
F MPR . F SPR .
T . A P
P .
S ( ), P . T
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
36/52
, .
B
, . H, , .
U . T
; .
C PR . T .
W :
1. I ,
.A .T R .
2. I ,
.A
. T .3. I , ( M N).
4. I , ( M R).
/J :
I , . F,
. W ,
. T, , , I , ?
W P ,
. T
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
37/52
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
38/52
I C: I . C / / .
T
. I , .
G . A .
:W . S .
FC OR F R
BE:
A
Q
S T
C
T
:
P
P
F
R
I
L
P
S
S
, . M . T
() .A ()
, .H, ,
( , ).
S, .
T 100%.
:W . W
.FC OR FR
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
39/52
: O () P .
F1 F2
A A: ID C, N C . T
A: F . B A .
F A: T . F. B A .
A: S (100%) (< 100%).
E A: P . I 2 O , .
C S T
C E I A B, 2 :C B OR B A
B E C.
T A .
:
T O .U
A , C C I B
B W ,
T A WHAT C
T A WHY C / P()
I CR A, A PREMISE 100% TRUE; , , ; CONCLUSION ,.
P + A = CF C : S, R, U L
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
40/52
A ' , . T .M GMAT A
.
B 15 . (N , , B ' .) B .
(A )B 15 . (E B' .)B . (A ; T
)
I (I ), THEREFORE .
[I ; THEREFORE, F C
P + IC FCA A , , D P
( , ).
:(R S G, GMAT)
B:
F F/C. T .
C . A J; O, S, V, I, B, P, W, F, C,
S, P, H, P, S, P, M P, G (), C, C, T P, .
S : F, E, P, P, S, D,
I, R, C, P, E, J, S,C, R, L R, G ( ),J , O, S, E, F, P,I, R, T A, .
I B X Y X P Y C.
C :
U . A . CONCLUSION BECAUSE A:N .
S F W C/A/RW . B .
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
41/52
F ; C / / (A )
W . W
.
:S .
S P.F R; C / / () .
A , .
F:E (B ) W .
A P C.
T . N .A F: A .
W A, Q, S, T, C, T
W % P, P, F, R, I, L,P, S, S I E R Q, ( )
. R (, ). T :B#1: F (W )
B#2: E R (T )B#3: I (W )
E:
B . S /.V Y/N ( )I C; T .T E T: O
.
Q .
A C T (ACT)/ A N T (ANT): I
N I , .
F V: CONCLUSION BECAUSE ASSUMPTION F
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
42/52
T A .N , " ," .
W A C: P B, C R, O,O S, R L (
)
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
43/52
C
B E
K G
I:
: A
: A
: (A )
.
: C
:
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
44/52
1.
2.
L
E
I /
G
A
A
A
C A
E C
B C
C
;
;
E ;
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
45/52
3.
4. &
C: C
C .
A /
.
: I I,
I , C
&
; C C
& E; F C; E , C ,
,
.
A; G A; A; ;
; ;
C
C
,
C 1% 100%
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
46/52
5.
, , ;
C: E C, E
C , E, E
, D
A
G
. + A C = C
A (C) C ()
100% J .
A:
1. A
.
2. E
.3.
E .
( ) ( I )
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
47/52
6.
A ,
, .
A
? C ()A ()
A :A (F) C (I)
, , . ( ). L
.
. E
.
.
.
A
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
48/52
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
49/52
9.
10.
F
F
I
C F:
; A A; C
; E C ; C E; ; G L
; I C; A F:
A , A , A
; E; E
/; E D;
F A; F ; E ;
; .
A
, . , .
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
50/52
I .
( ) .I, :
, , , .
:
:
1.
2. 3. 4. : 5. : , , , ,
, , ; : A = .
6.
( )
D . .D
D
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
51/52
11.
12.
1. I , .2. I ,
.
3. I , ,
, .
#1: I
. #2: D
. #3: I
. #4: D . #5: L
, .
#6: L , .
I , .
F ,
, .
8/11/2019 Critical Reasoning Strategy Guide
52/52
13.
.
F A .
D D
I 2 A/D ,
.
/
I .
. , I
, .