Creating a Web of Data with Restlet

Andrew Newman

1Monday, 8 December 2008

REST ArchitectureResource Oriented Analysis and Design (ROAD)

Stateless Access

Where Everything is a Resource

Identified by URI

With Different Representations

Linked Together

Restlet OveviewGWT, Client and Server APIs

Standalone, App Servers, Oracle, OSGi, Spring

HTTP, SMTP, POP3, JDBC, File Connectors

JSON, XML, HTML, Atom Representations

Integration with Groovy, JPA, Seam, Struts Hibernate

A little bit of HTTPVerb Action

GET Return the entity

POST Server create/modify entity

PUT Client create/modify entity

DELETE X Delete an entity

HEAD Entity metadata (not data)

OPTIONS ? Methods supported on entity

Restlet ModelUniform

Restlet

Application

Filter FinderConnector Router

Component Redirector

Client Server Guard

Transformer

Restlet Model• Reference - Mutable java.net.URI

• Request - Client Request

• Response - Server Response

• MediaType - Mime Types e.g. text/html, application/xml

• Resource - Anything with a Reference e.g. video, document, collection

• Variant - Metadata about a representation.

• Representation - The current state/value of a Resource.

Resource APIGET Representation represent(Variant)

POST void acceptRepresentation(Representation)

PUT void storeRepresentation(Representation)

DELETE void removeRepresentations()

HEAD Calls GET without stream.

OPTIONS Updates Response’s getAllowedMethods

Applications and Components// Create Application for http://localhost/helloWorldApplication application = new Application() { public synchronized Restlet createRoot() { Router router = new Router(getContext()); // Attach a resource router.attach("helloWorld", HelloWorldResource.class); return router; }};// Create the component and attach the applicationComponent component = new Component();component.getServers().add(Protocol.HTTP);component.getDefaultHost().attach(application);// Start the web servercomponent.start();

Data and Resourcespublic HelloWorldResource(Context context, Request request, Response response) { super(context, request, response); // Declare all kind of representations supported by the resource getVariants().add(new Variant(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN));}

// Respond to GETpublic Representation represent(Variant variant) throws ResourceException { Representation representation = null; // Generate a representation according to the variant media type. if (MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN.equals(variant.getMediaType())) { representation = new StringRepresentation("hello, world", MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN); } return representation;}

A Bit More HTTPGET /index HTTP/1.1 Host: www.realestate.com User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.7.12)... Accept: text/xml,application/xml,application/xhtml+xml,text/html;q=0.9,... Accept-Language: us,en;q=0.5 Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate Accept-Charset: ISO-8859-15,utf-8;q=0.7,*;q=0.7 Keep-Alive: 300 Connection: keep-alive

Drop the DotYeshttp://realestate.com/house/1 + type Nohttp://realestate.com/house/1.htmlhttp://realestate.com/house/1.xmlhttp://realestate.com/house/1.jsonhttp://realestate.com/house/1.png

No iPhoneYeshttp://realestate.com/house/1 + user-agent Nohttp://www.realestate.com/house/1http://iphone.realestate.com/house/1http://iphone-v2.realestate.com/house/1http://n95-8GB-Black.realestate.com/house/1

Client Side API// GET a resource from uri as a XML DOM.Response response = new Client(Protocol.HTTP).get(uri);DomRepresentation document = response.getEntityAsDom();// Specify content types.ClientInfo clientInfo = request.getClientInfo();List<Preference<MediaType>> preferenceList = new ArrayList<Preference<MediaType>>();preferenceList.add(new Preference<MediaType>(TEXT_XML));preferenceList.add(new Preference<MediaType>(APPLICATION_XML));preferenceList.add(new Preference<MediaType>(APPLICATION_XHTML_XML));preferenceList.add(new Preference<MediaType>(TEXT_HTML, 0.9f));clientInfo.setAcceptedMediaTypes(preferenceList);// Specify encodingsclientInfo.setAcceptedEncodings(Arrays.asList(new Preference<Encoding>(Encoding.GZIP));// Finally, GET.client.get(uri);

Simple WebDAV

Directory Demo

See also: http://code.google.com/p/gogoego/

Restlet and SpringConfigurableRestletResource<bean id="someResource" class="SomeResource" scope="prototype"> <property name="representationTemplates"> <map> <entry key-ref="TEXT_HTML" value-ref="htmlRep"/> <entry key-ref="APPLICATION_JSON" value-ref="jsonRep"/> <entry key-ref="APPLICATION_XML" value-ref="xmlRep"/> </map> </property></bean>

Restlet and SpringFreemarkerRepresentationFactory<bean id="htmlRep" class="org.jrdf.query.server.FreemarkerRepresentationFactory"> <property name="templateName" value="dbLocal-html.ftl"/> <property name="freemarkerConfig" ref="freemarkerConfig"/></bean>

dbLocal-html.ftl<html><head> <title>Query Page -- Database ${database}</title></head><body> <h1> Query for database <i>${database}</i>...

Restlet and SpringSpringRouter<bean id="router" class="org.restlet.ext.spring.SpringRouter"> <property name="attachments"> <map> <entry key="/databases"> <bean class="org.restlet.ext.spring.SpringFinder"> <lookup-method name="createResource" bean="listDbResource"/> </bean> </entry> <entry key="/databases/{database}"> <bean class="org.restlet.ext.spring.SpringFinder"> <lookup-method name="createResource" bean="queryDbResource"/> </bean> </entry> </map> </property></bean>

Restlet and Springpublic Representation represent(Variant variant) { Representation rep = null; try { graphName = (String) getRequest().getAttributes().get("database"); if (getRequest().getResourceRef().hasQuery()) { queryString = getRequest().getResourceRef().getQueryAsForm(). getFirst("query").getValue(); } if (queryString == null) { rep = queryPageRepresentation(variant); } else { rep = queryResultRepresentation(variant); } getResponse().setStatus(SUCCESS_OK); } catch (Exception e) { getResponse().setStatus(SERVER_ERROR_INTERNAL, e, e.getMessage().replace("\n", "")); } return rep;}

Linking Data

recipeID Desc. Cat.1 Chips Snack2 Ice Water Drink

recipeID Desc. Cat.1 Toast Snack2 Tea Drink

URIshttp://myfood.com/recipe/chipshttp://myfood.com/recipe/water

http://myfood.com/cat/snackhttp://myfood.com/cat/drink

URIshttp://yourfood.com/recipe/toasthttp://yourfood.com/recipe/teahttp://yourfood.com/cat/snackhttp://yourfood.com/cat/drink

MyFood.Com YourFood

recipeID Desc. Cat.1 Chips Snack2 Ice Water Drink

recipeID Desc. Cat.1 Toast Snack2 Tea Drink

URIshttp://myfood.com/recipe/chipshttp://myfood.com/recipe/water

http://myfood.com/cat/snackhttp://myfood.com/cat/drink

URIshttp://yourfood.com/recipe/toasthttp://yourfood.com/recipe/teahttp://yourfood.com/cat/snackhttp://yourfood.com/cat/drink

MyFood.Com YourFood

Linking Data

?20Monday, 8 December 2008

Linking Datahttp://myfood.com/cat/snack

http://yourfood.com/cat/snack

http://myfood.com/recipe/chips

http://yourfood.com/recipe/toast

isTheSameAs

http://purl.org/recipeIsA

Querying the WebUser at myFood.Com wants all the snack recipes:

1. Find all http://purl.org/recipe and http://myfood.com/cat/snack

recipe {my:chips, my:water}, snack {my:snack}

2. my:snack = your:snack

3. Query YourFood

recipe {your:toast, your:tea}, snack {your:tea}

4. Answer: {my:chips, your:toast}

How do you Link Data?RDF (Linking URIs)

<my:chips> <rdfs:type> <purl:snack>

SPARQL (Querying)SELECT * FROM myfood, yourfood WHERE { ?recipe <rdfs:type> <purl:recipe> .?recipe <rdfs:type> <my:cat/snack> }

OWL (Adding Relationships)<my:cat/snack> <owl:sameAs> <your:cat/snack>

Questions?

Creating a Web of Data with Restlet

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Transcript of Creating a Web of Data with Restlet

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