Post on 16-Jan-2016
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Chapter 33
Rehabilitation andTherapeutic Modalities
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Principles of Body Mechanics
• Use of certain key muscle groups together with good body alignment and proper body positioning to reduce risk of injury to patient and caregiver
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Principles of Body Mechanics
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Principles of Body Mechanics
• Good posture– Protects entire body
– Enables you to lift, push, and pull easily and safely
– Check posture frequently
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Principles of Body Mechanics
• Lifting techniques
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Transferring Patients
• Use good body mechanics
• From wheelchair to examination table
• From examination table to wheelchair
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Assisting Patients to Ambulate
• Walking provides ultimate level of independence and freedom
• Safety issues
• Assisting the patient to stand and walk
• Care of the falling patient
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Assistive Devices
• Walkers
• Crutches– Measuring a patient for axillary crutches
– Triangle stance
– Teaching patient to ambulate with axillary crutches
– Crutch walking gaits
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Assistive Devices
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Assistive Devices
• Canes– Standard
– Quad
– Walkcane
• Wheelchairs– Safety rules for transporting patient in wheelchair
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Therapeutic Exercises
• Goniometry and range of motion
• Muscle testing
• Types of therapeutic exercise– Without constant exercise, musculoskeletal system
would deteriorate
– Effects of exercise on body
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Therapeutic Exercises
• Types of therapeutic exercise– Active
– Passive
– Assisted
– Active resistance
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Therapeutic Exercises
• Electromyography– Test electrical activity of muscle
• Electrostimulation of muscle– Stimulates to exercise muscle
– Helpful to nerve-damaged muscle
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Therapeutic Exercises
• Range of motion exercises– Designed to maintain joint mobility
– Passive or active
– Terminology of joint movement
– General precautions
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Therapeutic Modalities
• Heat and cold– Precautions for heat and cold applications
– Types• Thermotherapy: causes vasodilation
• Cryotherapy: causes vasoconstriction
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Therapeutic Modalities
• Moist and dry heat modalities– Moist heat therapies
– Dry heat therapies
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Therapeutic Modalities
• Moist and dry cold modalities– Moist cold therapies
– Sitz bath
– Dry cold therapies
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Therapeutic Modalities
• Ultrasound– High-frequency acoustic vibration injuries
– How it works
– Potential dangers
• Massage therapy– Purpose
– Benefits