Post on 17-Jan-2016
SOL Review 4: Napoleon-Congress of Vienna
Congress of Vienna- Legacy of NapoleonUnsuccessful attempt
to unify Europe under French Domination
Napoleonic CodeAwakened feelings of
national pride and growth of nationalism
Congress of Vienna- Legacy of Congress of Vienna
Balance of power- no country should dominate Europe
Restoration of monarchs-legitimacy
New Political Map- New boundaries
New Philosophies- Conservatives and liberals
Rise of NationalismNational Pride, economic competition, and
democratic ideals stimulated the growth of nationalism
Congress of Vienna- led to discontent in Europe( did not include nationalists and liberals)
Revolutions of 1830 and 1848Unsuccessful movements for independence
and democracy by multiple countries. Started due to the Congress of Vienna
Italy Cavour- prime minister of
Sardinia( organized unification of Italy)Victor Emmanuel II – King of Sardinia
Garibaldi- Leader of the red shirts + united Southern Italy
Papal states- last to join Italy
Germany Bismarck- prime minister of Prussia
(responsible for the unification of Germany)Realpolitiks- do whatever it takes to get and
hold powerFranco- Prussian War led to the unification of
Germany
Industrial RevolutionWhere- began in England because of its
natural resources like coal and iron and the invention of the steam engine then spread to Europe and the U.S.
Enclosure Movement- fence in common fields to use land for raising sheep or mass producing food- puts small farmers our of business
Inventions- spinning jenny, steam engine(Watt), Cotton Gin (Whitney), process for making steel (Bessemer), small pox vaccine (Jenner), and rabies vaccine (Pature)
Industrial Revolution
Industrial RevolutionPopulation- increased (more food, better
medicine, and healthier diets) Standard of Living- Increased (products
became more affordable- machine made)Working Conditions- long hours, dangerous,
low pay, etc + preferred women and children(pay them less)
Labor Unions- increased pay and improve working conditions + bargain with employers
Industrial RevolutionUrbanization- movement of people to cities
(crowded and unsanitary conditions)Environment- pollutionTransportation- faster (railroad and
steamboat)Women- increased demands for suffrage
(right to vote)Children- expansion of education
Economic Theories- Capitalism Adam Smith- wrote Wealth of Nations Laissez-faire economics- the government
doesn’t interfere in the economyLaws of supply and demandCompetitionPrivate ownership
Economic Theories- SocialismGovernment owns and operates major
industries and small farms and businesses are privately owned
Economic Theories- CommunismKarl Marx wrote the Communist Manifesto Response to the injustices of capitalism
(some people are poor while some are rich)Redistribute wealthGovernment owns and operates everything