Post on 23-Dec-2015
CONDITIONAL CONDITIONAL SENTENCESSENTENCES
CONDITIONAL CONDITIONAL SENTENCESSENTENCESsubjunctive moodsubjunctive mood
TYPES OF CONDITIONAL SENTENCES AND THEIR USE
Time
reality
present past future
real zero first
unreal second third second
ZERO CONDITIONALS
are used to describeare used to describe rules and situations where one event always follows the
other If you don't eat anything for 5 months,
you die of hunger.(if you do A, B will surely happen in any
case)
NB: IF = WHEN
ZERO CONDITIONALS FORMATION
(IF + Present Simple) (, Present Simple)
If it does , it does
If you want to study a foreign language, you have to learn new words by heart.
FIRST CONDITIONALSare used to expressare used to express “real future”:
something that will happen in the future if something else happens
If you finish your homework early, we will go for a walk.
(it's possible that you will finish your homework early, and in this case we will go for a walk)
FIRST CONDITIONALS FORMATION
(If + Present Simple) (, Future Simple)If it does , it will do
If the weather is fine in the evening , we will go for a walk
NB: although both parts refer to the future, we don't use Future Simple after if
SECOND CONDITIONALS
are used to express:are used to express: unlikely, imagined or impossible events in the
future If I had enough money, I would buy this car. (but I don't have that much money)
impossible present situationsIf the weather was fine today, we would go for a
walk.(but it is not fine, and so we don't go for a walk)
SECOND CONDITIONALS
FORMATION(If + Past Simple) (, would + Infinitive)
If it did , it would doIf he did his homework , we would
watch a video.
NB: one of the most popular patterns is If I were you/him/her/my teacher etc.
THIRD CONDITIONALSare used to express: are used to express: unreal situations
in the past and to imagine things that did not happen
If Jane had known about the danger, she would have warned me
(but she didn't know and therefore didn't warn me)
THIRD CONDITIONALS FORMATION
(If + Past Perfect) (, would +Present Perfect)
If it had done , it would have done
If Fleming had not discovered penicillin, a lot of people would have
died.
THE MOST IMPORTANT NOTE
Conditional sentences consist of the two parts:
the condition (If…) and the result (the part without if).
We can change places of the two We can change places of the two parts of any Conditional sentence.parts of any Conditional sentence.
EXAMPLES(If you don't eat anything for 5 months)(, you die of hunger.) =
( You die of hunger) (,if you don't eat anything for 5 months)
(If the weather is fine in the evening) ( , we will go for a walk) =( We will go for a walk) (,if the weather is fine in the evening)
(If he did his homework) (, we would watch a video) = (We would watch
a video) (,if he did his homework)
(If Fleming had not discovered penicillin) (, a lot of people would have died). = (A lot of people would have died) (,if Fleming had not
discovered penicillin).
FINISH THE SENTENCES:1.If you eat a lot of chips, ...
2.I would not drink too much alcohol, ...
3.If your tooth hurts, ...
4.If you need some money, ...
5.If you wanted to do well at school, …
6.If I wanted to make a lot of money, …
7.I would not offend your Mum …
8.You get bored …
9. If you want to be invited to lots of parties, …
10.If you wanted to lose weight, ...
11. If you would have broken that mirror, ...
12. If you walk under a ladder, ...
13.I would lose my job, …
14.I wouldn't have met John ...
15.If I had studied more at school …
16.I would have told you the truth …