AL-BAIRAQI AM DISCOVERING

MATERIALSCONCRETE

(CREATORS) 1 - M O H A M E D N A S S E R 2 - H A M A D F A T I S

A B D A L A Z I Z A L A K R A F 4 - O B A I D A A M M A R

3 -

OUTLINE• Introduction• Activity 1: • Activity 2: Comparing Different Kinds of

Cement. • Activity 3: Comparing Different Concrete

Formulations.• Activity 4: Testing Properties of Concrete• Activity 5: Reinforcing Concrete • Product Idea: Using Palm trees in the

reinforcement of concrete

Hunting for Objects Made of Concrete

INTRODUCTIONConcrete;

A composite material that consist of cement, water and aggregates “ sand and gravels”

Because of its unique properties like strength, formability, durability and its cheep price it is used in “infrastructure”

ACTIVITY 1: HUNTING FOR OBJECTS MADE OF CONCRETE

Bridges

Buildings and housesDams

Roads and Highways

ACTIVITY 2: COMPARING DIFFERENT KINDS OF CEMENT

Objectives Compare the effect of adding sugar and salt on concrete hardening Procedure

ACTIVITY 2: COMPARING DIFFERENT KINDS OF CEMENT

ObservationsSample C hardened the fastest “ has salt

CaCl2”Sample B hardened the slowest “has sugar”

Conclusion

Salt acted like a catalyst, hence the hardening reaction of cement was faster

Surge was anti-catalyst so the reaction was slower

ACTIVITY 3: COMPARING DIFFERENT CONCRETE FORMULATIONS

Observing How Aggregate partials PackObjective Determine the best concrete formulation according

to density

Procedure

ACTIVITY 3 PART A: COMPARING DIFFERENT CONCRETE FORMULATIONSResults

Sample C which is mixed aggregates has the highest density hence it is the best and strongest sample

Type of sample Mass g Volume cm3 Density g / cm3

Sample A: Coarse aggregate only

100 60 1.66

Sample B: Fine aggregate only

100 55 1.88

Sample C: Mixed aggregate 50:50

50+50=100 mix 45 2.22

ACTIVITY 3: COMPARING DIFFERENT CONCRETE FORMULATIONS

Part B Making Different Concrete Formulations

Objectives: Preparing three samples of cement to be tested for the strongest samplePrepare a sample with reinforcement to increase the strength and reduce the brittleness

Procedure:

SAMPLES PREPARED

The water to cement ratio affect s the strength of the sample, the ideal ratio is 0,5

Formulation Ratio of water to cement

E 0.5

f 0.65

ACTIVITY 5: REINFORCING CONCRETE

Sample Cement Sand Gravels WaterE+ 60 120 120 33

Formulation Water to Cement Ratio

E+ 0.5

ObjectivesPrepare sample E+ which contains reinforcement

ACTIVITY 4: TESTING PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE

Objectives; Testing the previous samples using the testing

toolProcedure

ACTIVITY 4: TESTING PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE

Results

Sample Amount of water needed to break the

sampleE 7.1E+ 13.1F 3.8

Sample E+ is the strongest sample since it reinforced with wood, cotton and metal wire

PROJECT : USING PALM TREES IN THE REINFORCEMENT OF CONCRETE

HypothesisThe addition of palm tree powder into concrete mix is supposed to increase the general strength by adding flexibility

Purpose of the project Using dried palm trees leaves that is disposed as waste as a reinforcement to concrete mix

PROCEDURE

AMOUNTS USED TO PREPARE THE SAMPLES

Sample

Cement g

Sand g

Gravels g

Water ml

Palm Tree powder g

A 80 120 60 66 40B 100 120 60 66 20C 120 120 60 66 0

BREAKING THE SAMPLES AND RESULTS

Sample testedAmount of

water needed to break the sample Kg

A 2.6B 19C 15

BENEFITS AND CONCLUSIONS1. Palm trees grow naturally in the gulf area including

Qatar and in large numbers2. Dried leaves that fall or cut seasonally are usually

thrown as waste 3. Waste can be used as reinforcement to concrete by a

little flexibly to concrete 4. Although the addition to concrete strength is relatively

small, the saving in cement used is significant and economic

5. This project is environmentally friendly as well

ACKNOWLEDGMENTMany thanks to my teachers, school and AL-Bairaq team from Center for Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University for supporting us during our journey with a AL-Bairaq.

Also, I would like to thank the sponsors UNESCO, Qatar National Commission, Ras Gas, Maersk and Shell.