Computer Aided Computer Aided ManufacturingManufacturing

Joshua SaariJoshua SaariOPERMGT 345OPERMGT 345PowerPoint Training PowerPoint Training PresentationPresentation

OverviewOverview Computer Aided Manufacturing DefinedComputer Aided Manufacturing Defined Brainstorming ExerciseBrainstorming Exercise Nuts and BoltsNuts and Bolts How It WorksHow It Works A Real World ExampleA Real World Example Summary of PresentationSummary of Presentation Works CitedWorks Cited

Computer Aided Computer Aided ManufacturingManufacturing What is Computer Aided What is Computer Aided

Manufacturing?Manufacturing?• If is “control of the manufacturing If is “control of the manufacturing

process by computers” involving the process by computers” involving the integration of CAD engineering data integration of CAD engineering data and the computerized equipment and the computerized equipment which manufactures the product.which manufactures the product.

– (Russell, Taylor 213)(Russell, Taylor 213)

Computer Aided Computer Aided ManufacturingManufacturing Other definitions:Other definitions:

• ““Computer aided manufacturing Computer aided manufacturing concerns the use of algorithms for concerns the use of algorithms for planning and controlling fabrication planning and controlling fabrication processes.”processes.”

– (utwente.nl)(utwente.nl)• Computer aided manufacturing is “the Computer aided manufacturing is “the

use of computers for managing use of computers for managing manufacturing processes.”manufacturing processes.”

– (techtarget.com)(techtarget.com)

Computer Aided Computer Aided ManufacturingManufacturing Using technology to produceUsing technology to produce Leveraging capital investmentsLeveraging capital investments Increasing productivity through Increasing productivity through

automationautomation Decreasing lead time through Decreasing lead time through

programmatically controlled programmatically controlled machinerymachinery

Brainstorming ExerciseBrainstorming Exercise How can CAM benefit your How can CAM benefit your

company?company?• Integrate design and manufacturingIntegrate design and manufacturing• Make mass customization possibleMake mass customization possible• Reduce costsReduce costs• Leverage computing powerLeverage computing power• Automate manufacturing processesAutomate manufacturing processes

Brainstorming ExerciseBrainstorming Exercise Identify benefits and costs of CAM:Identify benefits and costs of CAM:

• Direct BenefitsDirect Benefits• Indirect BenefitsIndirect Benefits• Tangible CostsTangible Costs• Intangible CostsIntangible Costs

Brainstorming ExerciseBrainstorming Exercise What processes in your company What processes in your company

could be more efficient through could be more efficient through CAM?CAM?

Nuts and BoltsNuts and Bolts Essentially the collection of computer Essentially the collection of computer

technologies used in manufacturingtechnologies used in manufacturing• Computer Numerical Control (CNC)Computer Numerical Control (CNC)• Direct Numerical Control (DNC)Direct Numerical Control (DNC)• Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS)Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS)• RobotsRobots• Automated material Handling SystemsAutomated material Handling Systems

Nuts and BoltsNuts and Bolts Computer Numerically Controlled Computer Numerically Controlled

(CNC)(CNC)• Machine that is controlled by computerMachine that is controlled by computer• Utilizes monitor and keyboard for Utilizes monitor and keyboard for

operator interactionoperator interaction• Facilitates greater control over qualityFacilitates greater control over quality• Allows machine to monitor the Allows machine to monitor the

maintenance of its partsmaintenance of its parts

Nuts and BoltsNuts and Bolts Direct Numerical Control (DNC)Direct Numerical Control (DNC)

• Each machine contains own Each machine contains own microprocessormicroprocessor

• Entire bank of machines controlled by Entire bank of machines controlled by a single central computera single central computer

• If used with automated material If used with automated material handling, considered to be a flexible handling, considered to be a flexible manufacturing systemmanufacturing system

Nuts and BoltsNuts and Bolts Flexible Manufacturing System Flexible Manufacturing System

(FMS)(FMS)• Numerous computer-controlled Numerous computer-controlled

machines fed by automated material machines fed by automated material handling systemhandling system

• Allows for broad and deep product mixAllows for broad and deep product mix• Minimal setup times enable small lot Minimal setup times enable small lot

sizessizes

Nuts and BoltsNuts and Bolts RobotsRobots

• Mechanical manipulators that can be Mechanical manipulators that can be accessed programmaticallyaccessed programmatically

• Consistent, repetitive-motion tolerantConsistent, repetitive-motion tolerant• Ideal for tasks that are hazardous to Ideal for tasks that are hazardous to

humanshumans

Nuts and BoltsNuts and Bolts Automated Materials Handling Automated Materials Handling

SystemSystem• System where raw materials are System where raw materials are

automatically fed into machinesautomatically fed into machines• Examples:Examples:

– Conveyor beltsConveyor belts– Automated Guided Vehicles (AGV)Automated Guided Vehicles (AGV)– Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems

(ASRS)(ASRS)

How It WorksHow It Works1.1. Product is conceived by engineerProduct is conceived by engineer2.2. Product is designed using CAD Product is designed using CAD

softwaresoftware3.3. CAD data is transferred to CAD data is transferred to

manufacturing machine’s memorymanufacturing machine’s memory4.4. Machine uses the CAD data to Machine uses the CAD data to

produce the product, with little produce the product, with little human interventionhuman intervention

How It WorksHow It Works Old System (without CAM)Old System (without CAM)

• Product is designed with CAD Product is designed with CAD softwaresoftware– Each production machine is programmed Each production machine is programmed

individuallyindividuallyOR – if not automated :OR – if not automated :– Employees are trained on proper Employees are trained on proper

production of the productproduction of the product

How It WorksHow It Works New System (using CAM)New System (using CAM)

• Product is designed with CAD Product is designed with CAD softwaresoftware– Product specifications are sent over the Product specifications are sent over the

plant network to each machineplant network to each machine– Machines have ‘intelligence’ to produce Machines have ‘intelligence’ to produce

the products without human interventionthe products without human intervention

A Real World ExampleA Real World Example C D Ward and AssociatesC D Ward and Associates

• Manufacturer of knitwear in EnglandManufacturer of knitwear in England• Needed to automate design-to-Needed to automate design-to-

manufacture processmanufacture process

A Real World ExampleA Real World Example C D War and Associates turned to C D War and Associates turned to

CAMCAM• 3-step process:3-step process:

– converting the artistic garment specification converting the artistic garment specification into a technical specification into a technical specification

– using the technical specification to calculate using the technical specification to calculate yarn weights and manufacturing times yarn weights and manufacturing times

– converting weights and times to costsconverting weights and times to costs– (C D Ward and Associates)(C D Ward and Associates)

A Real World ExampleA Real World Example C D Ward and AssociatesC D Ward and Associates

• CAM solution:CAM solution:– Enables faster turnaround of new Enables faster turnaround of new

productsproducts– Reduces waste by using raw materials Reduces waste by using raw materials

more efficientlymore efficiently– Generates costs based on design Generates costs based on design

specificationsspecifications

SummarySummary Here’s what we’ve looked at so Here’s what we’ve looked at so

far….far….• DefinitionDefinition• BrainstormedBrainstormed• Nuts and BoltsNuts and Bolts• How It WorksHow It Works• Real World ExampleReal World Example

ConclusionConclusion CAM enables companies to CAM enables companies to

leverage capital investmentleverage capital investment CAM allows for cost savings that CAM allows for cost savings that

can be passed on to the final can be passed on to the final consumerconsumer

CAM utilizes human resources more CAM utilizes human resources more efficiently to minimize labor costsefficiently to minimize labor costs

Works CitedWorks Cited Russell, Roberta and Taylor, Bernard. Russell, Roberta and Taylor, Bernard. Operations Operations

Management.Management. 3 3rdrd ed. Upper Saddle River: ed. Upper Saddle River: Prentice-Hall, 2000.Prentice-Hall, 2000.

““Computer Aided Manufacturing.” Internet. Computer Aided Manufacturing.” Internet. http://www.opm.wb.utwente.nl/cam.htmlhttp://www.opm.wb.utwente.nl/cam.html. 7 May . 7 May 2002.2002.

““Computer-Aided Manufacturing.” Internet. Computer-Aided Manufacturing.” Internet. http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gchttp://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/0,,sid9_gci758962,00.htmli758962,00.html. 7 May 2002.. 7 May 2002.

““Knitwear and CAD/CAM.” Internet. Knitwear and CAD/CAM.” Internet. http://www.cdwa.com/html/knitpaper.htmlhttp://www.cdwa.com/html/knitpaper.html. 7 . 7 May 2002.May 2002.