Comprehensive Final Comprehensive Final ReviewReview

The Cell, Tissues, The Integumentary System, Skeletal Tissues, Joints, The The Cell, Tissues, The Integumentary System, Skeletal Tissues, Joints, The Muscular System, and Fundamentals of the Nervous System.Muscular System, and Fundamentals of the Nervous System.

The CellThe Cell

• Cell TheoryCell Theory

• 3 components of a cell3 components of a cell

• The Plasma MembraneThe Plasma Membrane

• Cytoplasmic OrganellesCytoplasmic Organelles

• The NucleusThe Nucleus

• Cell CycleCell Cycle

• Protein SynthesisProtein Synthesis

TissuesTissues• Levels of OrganizationLevels of Organization

• 4 tissue types4 tissue types

• muscle tissuemuscle tissue

• 3 types3 types

• nervous tissuenervous tissue

• connective tissueconnective tissue

• connective tissue properconnective tissue proper

• osseus tissue, cartilage, bloodosseus tissue, cartilage, blood

• epithelial tissueepithelial tissue

• stratified/simple squamos, cuboidal, columnar, pseudo stratified.stratified/simple squamos, cuboidal, columnar, pseudo stratified.

• gland classificationgland classification

TissuesTissues

• Characteristics of each type of tissue, and each Characteristics of each type of tissue, and each subtype of tissue. subtype of tissue.

• location examples found in the booklocation examples found in the book

• connective tissue fiber/cell typesconnective tissue fiber/cell types

The Integumentary The Integumentary SystemSystem

• Components of the SkinComponents of the Skin

• epidermisepidermis

• stratum basalestratum basale

• stratum spinosumstratum spinosum

• stratum granulosumstratum granulosum

• stratum corneumstratum corneum

• dermisdermis

• papillary layerpapillary layer

• reticular layerreticular layer

• (hypodermis)(hypodermis)

The Integumentary The Integumentary SystemSystem

• Characteristics of each layer of the skinCharacteristics of each layer of the skin

• Appendages of the skinAppendages of the skin

• Hair and hair folliclesHair and hair follicles

• Hair thinning and baldness pg 159Hair thinning and baldness pg 159

The Integumentary The Integumentary SystemSystem

• Sweat GlandsSweat Glands

• EccrineEccrine

• ApocrineApocrine

• Sebaceous oil glandsSebaceous oil glands

• StructureStructure

• SebumSebum

Integumentary SystemIntegumentary System

• Functions of the integumentary systemFunctions of the integumentary system

• Protection (bhemical, physical, biological)Protection (bhemical, physical, biological)

• Temp regulationTemp regulation

• Metabolic functionsMetabolic functions

• Blood ResevoirBlood Resevoir

• ExcretionExcretion

The Integumentary The Integumentary SystemSystem

• 3 Types of Skin Cancer3 Types of Skin Cancer

Skeletal TissueSkeletal Tissue

• Classification of bonesClassification of bones

• Bone StructureBone Structure

• MembranesMembranes

• Location of Hematopoetic TissueLocation of Hematopoetic Tissue

• Cells of bone Tissue (pg. 179-181)Cells of bone Tissue (pg. 179-181)

Skeletal TissueSkeletal Tissue

• Compact BoneCompact Bone

• Haversion System/OsteonHaversion System/Osteon

• Spongy BoneSpongy Bone

• Organic componentsOrganic components

• Inorganic ComponentsInorganic Components

• Formation of the Bony SkeletonFormation of the Bony Skeleton

• Growth of length of long bonesGrowth of length of long bones

• Growth of WidthGrowth of Width

Skeletal TissueSkeletal Tissue

• Bone Remodeling (pg 187-189)Bone Remodeling (pg 187-189)

• bone deposit bone deposit

• bone resorptionbone resorption

• control of remodelingcontrol of remodeling

• hormonal controlshormonal controls

• response to mechanical stressresponse to mechanical stress

Skeletal TissueSkeletal Tissue

• Fractures (pg. 190-191)Fractures (pg. 190-191)

• Bone RepairBone Repair

JointsJoints

• Structural and Functional Classifications of JointsStructural and Functional Classifications of Joints

• General Structure of Synovial Joints and functions of General Structure of Synovial Joints and functions of their componentstheir components

• Factors influencing stabilityFactors influencing stability

• Non axial, uniaxial, biaxial, multiaxialNon axial, uniaxial, biaxial, multiaxial

• Gliding, Angular MovementsGliding, Angular Movements

• Types of Synovial JointsTypes of Synovial Joints

JointsJoints

• Selected ArticulationsSelected Articulations

• Knee JointKnee Joint

• Glenohumeral JointGlenohumeral Joint

• elbow jointelbow joint

• Coxal JointCoxal Joint

• TMJTMJ

JointsJoints

• ArthritisArthritis

Muscle TissueMuscle Tissue

• Types of Muscle TissueTypes of Muscle Tissue

• 4 special characteristics4 special characteristics

• Muscle functions pg 277-288Muscle functions pg 277-288

Muscle tissueMuscle tissue• Gross Anatomy (pg. 278)Gross Anatomy (pg. 278)

• Microscopic Anatomy Pg. 279-282Microscopic Anatomy Pg. 279-282

• Sliding filament model of contractionSliding filament model of contraction

• Physiology of muscle fibers 285-293Physiology of muscle fibers 285-293

• Cross Bridge Cycling, Motor unit, Muscle Twitch, graded muscle responses 293-Cross Bridge Cycling, Motor unit, Muscle Twitch, graded muscle responses 293-296296

• Isotonic and Isometric ContractionsIsotonic and Isometric Contractions

• Muscle Metabolism PathwaysMuscle Metabolism Pathways

• Force of Contraction pg 301-302Force of Contraction pg 301-302

• Muscle fiber typeMuscle fiber type

Fundamentals of the Fundamentals of the Nervous systemNervous system

• 3 Primary Functions3 Primary Functions

• DivisionsDivisions

• NeurogliaNeuroglia

• Neuron structure and functionNeuron structure and function

• MyelinMyelin

• Structural and Functional classification of Neurons Structural and Functional classification of Neurons (pg.393-394(pg.393-394

Fundamentals of the Fundamentals of the Nervous systemNervous system

• Membrane Ion channels (chemically, voltage, Membrane Ion channels (chemically, voltage, mechanically gated)mechanically gated)

• The Resting Membrane Potential (pg 397The Resting Membrane Potential (pg 397

• Depolarization, Hyperpolarization, thresholdDepolarization, Hyperpolarization, threshold

• Graded PotentialsGraded Potentials

Good Luck EveryoneGood Luck Everyone

• Post comments or email me with questionsPost comments or email me with questions

• tlohman@llu.edutlohman@llu.edu

• 949-246-5357949-246-5357