After a volcanic eruption has covered an area with lava, which of the following is the most likely order of succession in the repopulation of the area?

A lichens →grasses →shrubs →trees B mosses →grasses →lichens →trees C grasses →trees →mosses →lichens D shrubs →grasses →trees →lichens

In a pond, the primary producer is a green alga, Spirogyra; the primary consumer is the crustacean, Daphnia; the secondary consumer is a small fish, the bluegill; and the tertiary consumer is a larger fish, the smallmouth bass. What changes can be expected in the pond if the Daphnia are killed with pesticides?

A The Spirogyra population will probably die. B The bluegill population will probably decrease. C The Daphnia population will eat something else. D The smallmouth bass population will increase.

Rabbits introduced into Australia over 100 years ago have become a serious pest to farmers. Rabbit populations increased so much that they displaced many native species of plant eaters. What is the most logical explanation for their increased numbers?

A Rabbits have a high death rate.B There are few effective predators.C Additional rabbit species have been introduced.D There is an increase in rabbit competitors.

Complete burning of plant material returns carbon primarily to the

A herbivoresB waterC vegetationD atmosphere.

Which situation would result in the greatest increase in the human population?A decreased birth rate and increased death rateB increased infant mortality and decreased death rateC decreased death rate and increased birth rateD increased birth rate and increased infant mortality

Silt and nutrients from erodingfarmland flow into a lake. As a result,which will most likely increase first?A fish populationB shore vegetationC algae growthD dissolved oxygen

What is the function of autotrophs in the carbon cycle?A to use oxygen to produce glucoseB to take in excess waterC to use carbon dioxide to produce glucoseD to feed on herbivores

Two different populations of birds live in the same area and eat the same types of food. Which most likely describes the relationship between these two populations of birds?A competitionB mutualismC parasitismD predator-prey

The overgrowth of algae poses a major problem for coral reefs. Intensive fishing is one factor that contributes to algae overgrowth because it does which of the following?A Allows more sunlight to be available to algaeB Inhibits the spread of pathogens in algae coloniesC Reduces the number of organisms that feed on algaeD Increases the competition between different algae species