Post on 02-Feb-2016
Competitividad de ChileCompetitividad de Chile
José Joaquín BrunnerJosé Joaquín Brunner
www.brunner.cl
Agosto 2005
SESIÓN II
Competitividad: dónde está ChileCompetitividad: dónde está Chile
World Economic Forum, Global Competitiveness Report, 2004-2005
Según enfoque de los “pilares” del WEFSegún enfoque de los “pilares” del WEF
Competitividad comparadaCompetitividad comparada
World Economic Forum, Global Competitiveness Report, 2004-2005
Entre economías de ingreso mediano alto Chile ocupa el 3er lugar Entre economías de ingreso mediano alto Chile ocupa el 3er lugar
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
MalasiaEstonia
JordaniaChile
TúnezChina
TailandiaAfrica Sur
IndiaR ChecaLituania
EslovaquiNamibiaLetonia
MarruecosHungríaEgipto
IndonesiaBrasil
Mauricio
Países de ingreso mediano alto
29
Competitividad por grupo pilaresCompetitividad por grupo pilares104 países104 países
WEF, Global Competitiveness Report 2004-2005
Chile desagregado por pilarChile desagregado por pilar
29
34
15
39
28
41
29
26
19
32
59
32
49
0 20 40 60 80
Instituciones
Infraestructura
Estabilidad
Seguridad
Capital humano básico
Capital humano avanzado
Eficiencia mercado bienes
Eficiencia mercado laboral
Eficiencia mercado financiero
Prepración tecnológica
Apertura/tamaño mercado
Sofisticación negocios
Innovación
Lugar entre 104 paísesLugar entre 104 países
WEF, Global Competitiveness Report 2004-2005
Ranking IMD - 2005Ranking IMD - 200525 primeros países25 primeros países
http://www01.imd.ch/documents/wcc/content/overallgraph.pdf
Análisis de competitividad de Chile en base a KAM
Banco Mundial: KAMBanco Mundial: KAM• Knowledge Assessment Methodology (KAM) • The knowledge assessment methodology consists of a set of 80 structural and
qualitative variables that benchmark how an economy compares with its neighbors, competitors, or countries it wishes to emulate.
• The comparison for the 80 variables is undertaken for a group of 128 countries which includes almost all of the OECD economies (except Luxembourg) and more than 90 developing countries.
• The set of 80 variables serve as proxies for the following four pillars that are critical to the development of a knowledge economy (KE):· An economic and institutional regime that provides incentives for the efficient use of existing and new knowledge and the flourishing of entrepreneurship. · An educated and skilled population that can create, share, and use knowledge well.· A dynamic information infrastructure that can facilitate the effective communication, dissemination, and processing of information.· An efficient innovation system of firms, research centers, universities, consultants and other organizations that can tap into the growing stock of global knowledge, assimilate and adapt it to local needs, and create new technology.
• Included in the KAM are also several variables that track the overall performance of the economy. These variables help to illustrate how well an economy is actually using knowledge for its overall economic and social development.
http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp
Régimen económicoRégimen económico
The World Bank, http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp
DesempeñoDesempeño
The World Bank, http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp
GobernabilidadGobernabilidad
The World Bank, http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp
InnovaciónInnovación
The World Bank, http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp
EducaciónEducación
The World Bank, http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp
InformaciónInformación
The World Bank, http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp
GéneroGénero
The World Bank, http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp
Todas las variablesTodas las variables
The World Bank, http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp
Chile y Finlandia: KAM todas variablesChile y Finlandia: KAM todas variables
http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/weighted/scorecard_adv_param.asp
Metodología KAM: Metodología KAM: Hacia la sociedad del conocimientoHacia la sociedad del conocimiento
• KEI (Knowledge Economy Index) is the average of the performance scores of a country or region in all four KE pillars (Economic Incentive Regime, Education, Innovation and Information Communications & Technology).
• KI (Knowledge Index) is the simple average of the performance of a region or country in three KE pillars. (Education, Innovation and Information Communications & Technology).
• Each pillar score is derived by averaging the normalized scores of each pillar defining variables for which data is available
The World BankThe World Bank
4 < KEI <= 6
http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp#kei
Mundo y regiones en KAMMundo y regiones en KAM
The World Bank, http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp
Países seleccionados en KAMPaíses seleccionados en KAM
The World Bank, http://info.worldbank.org/etools/kam2005/home.asp
Evaluación de Porter – 2005
En general: positivaEn general: positiva
M. Porter, “Chile’s Competitiveness: Where Does the Country Stand?”; June 29, 2005
Factores básicosFactores básicos
M. Porter, “Chile’s Competitiveness: Where Does the Country Stand?”; June 29, 2005
Factores de empresaFactores de empresa
M. Porter, “Chile’s Competitiveness: Where Does the Country Stand?”; June 29, 2005
Entrono de negociosEntrono de negocios
M. Porter, “Chile’s Competitiveness: Where Does the Country Stand?”; June 29, 2005
Entorno de negocios: Entorno de negocios: fortalezas y debilidadesfortalezas y debilidades
M. Porter, “Chile’s Competitiveness: Where Does the Country Stand?”; June 29, 2005
El desafío de la productividadEl desafío de la productividad
M. Porter, “Chile’s Competitiveness: Where Does the Country Stand?”; June 29, 2005
Recomendaciones de PorterRecomendaciones de Porter
M. Porter, “Chile’s Competitiveness: Where Does the Country Stand?”; June 29, 2005