Graeme T. Lloyd1, Paul N. Pearson2, Jeremy R. Young1 and Andrew B. Smith1

Graeme T. Lloyd1, Paul N. Pearson2, Jeremy R. Young1 and Andrew B. Smith1

1Department of Palaeontology, Natural History Museum, London, UK1Department of Palaeontology, Natural History Museum, London, UK2School of Earth & Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK2School of Earth & Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK

Comparing the Deep Sea Rock and Fossil Records of Coccolithophores and Planktic Foraminifera

Comparing the Deep Sea Rock and Fossil Records of Coccolithophores and Planktic Foraminifera

Generic diversityGeneric diversity

N M

aps

N M

aps

Land-based rock and fossil records show strong correlation…

Land-based rock and fossil records show strong correlation…

…but what about the deep sea?…but what about the deep sea?

•Most microfossil groups are highly cosmopolitan…

•…and massively abundant (1000s specimens per gram)

•Many remarkably continuous sections (>10 million years)

•Phylogenies often incorporate ancestors

•The best record we have?:

•How does the deep sea rock record change over time?

•How does the deep sea fossil record change over time?

•Are the deep sea rock and fossil records correlated?

•How do the two major calcareous groups compare?

Geotectonic history

•35,416 species occurrences

•16,197 samples

•205 sites

•4,329 names

•19,349 species occurrences

•3,850 samples

•135 sites

•2,462 names

The databaseThe database

Planktic foramsPlanktic foramsCoccolithsCoccoliths

Rock recordRock record

Planktic foramsPlanktic foramsCoccolithsCoccoliths

Species recordSpecies record

Planktic foramsPlanktic foramsCoccolithsCoccoliths

Generic recordGeneric record

Planktic foramsPlanktic foramsCoccolithsCoccoliths

Species correlationSpecies correlation

Planktic foramsPlanktic foramsCoccolithsCoccoliths

Generic correlationGeneric correlation

Planktic foramsPlanktic foramsCoccolithsCoccoliths

Species detrendedSpecies detrended

Planktic foramsPlanktic foramsCoccolithsCoccoliths

Genera detrendedGenera detrended

Planktic foramsPlanktic foramsCoccolithsCoccoliths

SubsamplingSubsampling

Planktic foramsPlanktic foramsCoccolithsCoccoliths

Modelled versus observed diversityModelled versus observed diversity

Planktic foramsPlanktic foramsCoccolithsCoccoliths

Model-corrected diversityModel-corrected diversity

Planktic foramsPlanktic foramsCoccolithsCoccoliths

SummarySummary

•How does the deep sea rock record change over time?

•Exponential rise (opening ocean basin)

•How does the deep sea fossil record change over time?

•Coccolith species ~linear rise

•Coccolith genera ~rapid rise followed by slow fall

•Forams: double sawtooth (K-T divides)

•Are the deep sea rock and fossil records correlated?

•Yes, strongly

•How do the two major calcareous groups compare?

•Forams seem to be less biased than coccos