In this unit, you will learn about exploration and colonization from

1400-1600

Zheng He, a chinese explored was commissioned to lead several overseas journeys

Practiced isolationism (isolated the nation from the rest of the world) expelled Christian missionariesburned Western booksallowed only Chinese and Dutch

trade

Flourishing with Renaissance art, literature, ideas, etc.

Looked for new ways to make money and many powerful Kings decided to….go exploring!

1. Looking for new sources of wealth2. Traded spices

Nutmeg, ginger, pepper, cinnamon

3. Looked for trade routes directly to Asia

4. “Glory, Gold, God”—explorers journeyed for money, fame, and Christianity

Eventually explorers found a new sea route to Asia.

Portugal dominated exploration initially

Dutch formed the Dutch East India Trading Company (see image below).

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Flag_of_the_Dutch_East_India_Company.svg/800px-Flag_of_the_Dutch_East_India_Company.svg.png

New technology helped exploration 1. Triangular Sails—helped sail

against the wind2. Compass—directional tool3. Sextant (upper right picture)—

helped with navigation4. Large cargo area in the Caravel

Triangular sails

Bartolomeu Dias; sailed for Portugal; explored and reached southern tip of Africa

Vasco Da Gama; sailed for Portugal; rounded tip of Africa

Zheng He; sailed for China China; explored Asia and Eastern Africa

Christopher Columbus; sailed for Spain; explored Caribbean (Bahamas)

Hernando Cortes; sailed for Spain; colonized regions in Mexico, US, South America

Prince Henry of Portugal; founded school of navigation to train explorers

Amerigo Vespucci; sailed for Portugal; South America

Ferdinand Magellan; sailed for Spain; rounded the tip of South America, Guam, Philippines

This is a map of major European explorations

http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/262/268312/art/figures/KISH_12_271.gif

Colonize means to create colonies (settlers who live in one territory and are ruled by a “parent” country)

Spanish conquerors (conquistadors) destroyed the Aztecs and Incans of S. America

Native-Americans had no weapons to challenge Spanish conquerors

80%-95% of Native Americans diedSpanish and Portuguese Kings became RICH!—

Spanish created an Empire

Continents became interdependent on one another

Imports (goods brought into a country) and exports (good sent out of a country) began

Joint stock corporations developed—similar to stock market today

Slave trade developed (Triangular Trade)

Trade between Europe, Africa, and the Americas—formed a TRIANGLE!

Check out the next slide to see the goods and materials traded between these three regionshttp://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Triangular_trade_wordless.jpg

From Africa to the Americas emerged the slave trade. Slaves were used for free labor

The passage by sea from Africa to the Americas was called the Middle Passage (2-3 months long)

A typical slave ship

https://eee.uci.edu/programs/humcore/images/Africa/SlaveShipBrookes.jpg