Dr. Natalie HarrowerManager, Education and OutreachDigital Repository of Ireland Royal Irish Academy

Trust in Digital Preservation: Standards and RelationshipsCNZ 2013 | 1 October 2013 | National Archives of the Czech Republic

Who am I?

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• Manager of Education and Outreach• Training programs• Partnership development• International networks & e-infrastructures

What is the Digital Repository of Ireland?

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DRI is an interactive, national trusted digital repository for contemporary and historical, social and cultural data held by Irish institutions

Vision

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• To link and preserve the rich data held by Irish institutions, providing a central internet access point and multimedia tools.

• To provide an educational resource used by the public, students and scholars,

• To provide preservation and access services for our stakeholders and partners.

• To act as a focal point for the development of national guidelines and policy for digital preservation and access.

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• Irish government funded (HEA)• Royal Irish Academy (lead), National University of

Ireland Maynooth, National University of Ireland Galway, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin Institute of Technology, National College of Art and Design

• Partners: academic, cultural, social, government• Sep 2011 – Sep 2015. Initial grant €5.2M• Funding currently extended out to 2019

Funding/Consortium

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Preservation

Access (use)

Sharing, linking, user tools (reuse)

A trusted digital repository, and a focal point for building a digital community for cultural heritage in Ireland

Services

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“A trusted digital repository is one whose mission is to provide reliable, long-term access to managed digital resources to its designated community, now and in the future”

What is Trust? (TRAC)

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• “firm belief in the reliability, truth, or ability of someone or something: relations have to be built on trust”

• “assured reliance on the character, ability, strength, or truth of someone or something”

• “one in which confidence is placed”

What is Trust? (common usage)

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• “firm belief in the reliability, truth, or ability of someone or something: relations have to be built on trust”

• “assured reliance on the character, ability, strength, or truth of someone or something”

• “one in which confidence is placed”

What is Trust? (common usage)

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• Planning, process, auditing• Relationships, People

What is Trust?

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1. About the digital archive/repository itself

2. About the relationships that surround the practice of digital preservation

Trust in Digital Preservation: Two perspectives

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1. About the digital archive/repository itself

2. About the relationships that surround the practice of digital preservation

Trust in Digital Preservation: Two perspectives

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• Reliable, long-term access to managed digital resources to its designated community, now and in the future

• Must also look at entire organisation running the repository

• Understand threats and risks to the system

• Constant monitoring, planning and maintenance

TRAC

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1. OAIS

2. Data Seal of Approval (DANS)

3. DIN 31644: Criteria for Trustworthy Digital Archives

4. ISO 16363: Audit and certification of trustworthy digital repositories

5. European Framework

Standards for Assessing Trust: Certification

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Open Archival Information System

• Conceptualisation of the environment for preservation• Not an implementation/architecture

1. OAIS Reference Model

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2. Data Seal of Approval

Based on self-assessment16 Guidelines

Criteria: The Data are…

• Available on the internet• Accessible• Usable• Reliable• Citable

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4. ISO 16363

3. DIN 31644 Criteria for Trustworthy Digital Archives (34)

1. organisation2. management of intellectual entities

and their representations (digital objects)3. infrastructure and security

Audit and Certification of Trustworthy Digital Repositories (100+)

• Grew out of OAIS and TRAC• Same categories as DIN

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5. European Framework for Audit and Certification of Digital Repositories

• Memorandum of Agreement July 2010

• http://www.trusteddigitalrepository.eu/

• “mechanisms to ensure that the groups can collaborate in setting up an integrated framework for auditing and certifying digital repositories”

• 3 levels of increasing trustworthiness

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5. European Framework for Audit and Certification of Digital Repositories (continued)

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Key Aspects of Trust

a. Authenticity & Provenance

b. Attention to Standards and Quality of data

c. Formal Agreements & Procedures

d. Data Security & Access Authentication

a. Authenticity and Provenance

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• Bitstream• Accuracy of data• Traceable ingest and storage

“It is not possible (feasible) to preserve electronic resources in the form of original unchanged content information: we have only the ability to reproduce them in the form of authentic copies thanks to the preservation of valid copies of digital components” (Maria Guercio, Sapienza, Universita di Roma)

We trust these copies to be accurate representations

b. Attention to Standards and Quality of data

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• Metadata Standards

• Controlled Vocabularies

• “Clean” data

• Interoperability

• Open Source Software

c. Formal Agreements & Procedures

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• Depositor & User Agreements

• Copyright and Licencing

• Takedown policy

d. Data Security & Authentication Protocols

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• Privacy Concerns

• Embargos

• Logins

• Format Migration

So far… mainly technical decisionsPlanning, process, auditing

Back to relationship building…

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• “firm belief in the reliability, truth, or ability of someone or something: relations have to be built on trust”

• “assured reliance on the character, ability, strength, or truth of someone or something”

• “one in which confidence is placed”

Back to definitions of Trust:

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Building Trust through Broader Engagement

• Consult with Stakeholders

• Good/Best Practices

• International Networks/e-Infrastructures

• Collaborative Projects

• Training and Skills Development

• Guidelines and Policy Development

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Consult with Stakeholders

• Interviews/surveys

• Requirements Gathering

• Builds community of interest

• Stakeholders become part of process

Consultation: Interviews with content holders

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• Qualitative interviews

• 40 content-holding institutions - current approaches to digital data

• Launch of National Report in Oct 2012: Digital Archiving in Ireland: National Survey of the Humanities and Social Sciences

• www.dri.ie/publications

Formats

Metadata

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Good/Best Practices

• Not a Platonic ideal

• Must address user needs

• While also moving

towards good practices

Current Practices Good/Best Practices

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International Networks/e-Infrastructures

• DARIAH

• DPC – Digital Preservation Coalition

• APARSEN

• European Data Forum

• Research Data Alliance (Dublin March 2014)

• ALLEA

e.g.

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International Networks/e-Infrastructures

• help create good practices

• places decisions in a wider context

• demonstrates commitment to interoperability and wider use

• exposure to cutting edge technologies, tools, decisions

• helps to insure longevity of choices

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International Networks/e-Infrastructures

The best use of your data is

the one someone else

thought of.

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Collaborative Projects

• Pilots/small demos

• Scale is small, benefits large

• Builds partnerships and trust

• Shows what can be achieved

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Collaborative Projects

e.g. Linked Logainm / Location LODer

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Linked Logainm collaborative project

Making LOGAINM available as Linked Data

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Training and Skills Development

• Also about showing what can be done

• Better skills in community = better data

• Trust built through your demonstrated

expertise in the area

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Guidelines and Policy Development

• Shares acquired expertise

• Moves community in a common direction

• Greater interoperability

• Drives towards good practices

• Influences future choices

• E.g. National Steering Committee on Open

Access Statement

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Contact me!

n.harrower@ria.ie@dri_ireland

www.dri.ie

slideshare.net/dri_ireland