CLOUD INSTANCES PRICE COMPARISON:AWS VS AZURE VS GOOGLE VS IBM

• Kim Weins• VP Marketing and Cloud Cost Strategy, RightScale

Presenters

POLLS

Two Ways to Manage Cloud

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Multi-Cloud is the Strategy of Choice

Multi-Cloud85%

• What’s New• Comparing Discount Options• Comparing Cloud Prices• Winners• Takeaways

Agenda

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WHAT’S CHANGING?PRICES ARE DROPPING

PRICING OPTIONS MORE SIMILAR

• Per second billing• AWS adds per second billing for EC2 and a few other services• Google extends per-second billing with 1 minute minimum• Azure offers per second billing for container instances

• Discounting gone wild• Azure adds reserved instances• Google adds Committed Use Discounts• AWS adds 1 Year Convertible Reserved Instances

• New instances in our comparison• AWS adds C5s• Azure Dv3, Ev3, Fv2

• Hyperthreading on v3s -- pay attention to the ACUs• IBM adds “families”

What’s Changed in the Last 9 Months

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• Local Disk• AWS steering you away from local disk

• More instances with EBS only• More EBS optimization• Prices on instances with local disk not dropping as much (eg m3 vs m4)

• Google dropped prices on local disk• They were a significant premium

• Latest Azure instances have smaller local disk• Prices dropped on 68% of the instances we included in this analysis

• AWS dropped 19 of 26 prices• Azure dropped 22 of 26• Google dropped 4 of 26• IBM dropped 26 of 26

Cont...What’s Changed in the Last 9 Months

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DISCOUNT OPTIONS

AWS RIs Azure RIs Google SUD/CUD IBM Monthly(or Negotiated)

Length of commitment

1 or 3 years 1 or 3 years SUD: No commitment

CUD: 1 or 3 years

Monthly: Commit by month

Range of discount levels

1Y 24-58%3Y 32-75%

Up to 72% SUD: Up to 30%CUD: 37% (1Y) or

55% (3Y)

Monthly: About 10%

How long instance must run to save

Breakeven1Y 5-9 months

3Y 9-24 months

TBD SUD: 25% of monthCUD 1Y: 7.5 monthsCUD 3Y: 16 months

Month

Payment options No UpfrontPartial Upfront

All Upfront

All Upfront No Upfront Negotiated

Other documented programs

-Volume discounts, for RIs

-Spot instances

-Hybrid Use Discount -Enterprise

Agreement

Preemptible VMs Negotiated

Comparing Compute Discount Options

AWS RIs Azure RIs Google SUD/CUD

Buy based on: RegionInstance familyOS

RegionInstance family Instance size

Region# of vCPUs# of GBs RAM

Flexibility Convertible: Can exchange for combo of RIs of equal or greater valueStandard: Availability zone, Size, Network

Can change across any region or series

Automatically applies to all instances in the region

Returnable Can sell on Marketplace (often impossible to find buyers)

Yes - cost TBD No

Commitment Discounts

AWS Reserved Instances:

Standard Zone

AWS Reserved Instances:

Standard Regional

AWS Reserved Instances:

Convertible (lower discount)

Buy based on: RegionAZInstance familyInstance SizeOSNetwork Type

RegionInstance familyInstance sizeOSNetwork Type

RegionInstance familyInstance sizeOSNetwork Type

Automatic changes

None Applies to any AZApplies to any size in the same family (vanilla Linux only)

Same as Standard

Manual changes AZInstance sizeNetwork Type

Network Type Exchange for equal value of RIs

Three Types of AWS Reserved Instances

About Google Sustained Use Discount (SUD)

• No commitment. The more you use an instance family during the month, the higher the discount.

Usage Level% of Billing Cycle

Incremental Rate % of On-Demand Baseline

Sample Rate n1-standard-1

Total Cost

0-25% 100% $0.050 $9.00

25-50% 80% $0.040 $7.20

50-75% 60% $0.030 $5.40

75-100% 40% $0.020 $3.60

Monthly Costat 100% usage

30% discount $25.20

Google SUD uses “Inferred Instances”

Source: Google

• Commit to # of vCPUs and GBs of RAM• 1 yr (37% discount) or 3 yr (55% discount)• Can be used for any instance type or size in a region• SUD still applies for non-committed use

About Google Committed Use Discount

RightScale Optima: Reserved Instance Plan

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INSTANCE PRICE COMPARISON

VM Type AWSAWS Mem

AWS Disk

GoogleGoogle Mem

Google Disk

AzureAzure Mem

AzureDisk

IBMIBM Mem

IBM Disk

Standard 2 vCPU w SSD

m3.large 7.5 32 n1-standard-2 7.5 375 D2s v3 8 32 BL1.2x8.200 8 200

Standard 2 vCPU no SSD

m4.large 8 0 n1-standard-2 7.5 0 D2s v3 8 32 B1.2x8.25 8 25

Highmem 2 vCPUw SSD

r3.large 15 32 n1-highmem-2 13 375 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25

Highmem 2 vCPUno SSD

r4.large 15.25 0 n1-highmem-2 13 0 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25

Highcpu 2 vCPUw SSD

c3.large 3.75 32 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 375 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25

Highcpu 2 vCPU no SSD

c5.large 4 0 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 0 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25

AWS vs. Azure vs. Google vs. IBM Compute

Source: RightScaleAs of Nov 13, 2017

VM Type AWSAWS Mem

AWS Disk

GoogleGoogle Mem

Google Disk

AzureAzure Mem

AzureDisk

IBMIBM Mem

IBM Disk

Standard 2 vCPU w SSD

m3.large 7.5 32 n1-standard-2 7.5 375 D2s v3 8 32 BL1.2x8.200 8 200

Standard 2 vCPU no SSD

m4.large 8 0 n1-standard-2 7.5 0 D2s v3 8 32 B1.2x8.25 8 25

Highmem 2 vCPUw SSD

r3.large 15 32 n1-highmem-2 13 375 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25

Highmem 2 vCPUno SSD

r4.large 15.25 0 n1-highmem-2 13 0 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25

Highcpu 2 vCPUw SSD

c3.large 3.75 32 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 375 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25

Highcpu 2 vCPU no SSD

c5.large 4 0 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 0 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25

AWS vs. Azure vs. Google vs. IBM Compute

Source: RightScaleAs of Nov 13, 2017Different amounts of memory on HighCPU

VM Type AWSAWS Mem

AWS Disk

GoogleGoogle Mem

Google Disk

AzureAzure Mem

AzureDisk

IBMIBM Mem

IBM Disk

Standard 2 vCPU w SSD

m3.large 7.5 32 n1-standard-2 7.5 375 D2s v3 8 32 BL1.2x8.200 8 200

Standard 2 vCPU no SSD

m4.large 8 0 n1-standard-2 7.5 0 D2s v3 8 32 B1.2x8.25 8 25

Highmem 2 vCPUw SSD

r3.large 15 32 n1-highmem-2 13 375 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25

Highmem 2 vCPUno SSD

r4.large 15.25 0 n1-highmem-2 13 0 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25

Highcpu 2 vCPUw SSD

c3.large 3.75 32 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 375 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25

Highcpu 2 vCPU no SSD

c5.large 4 0 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 0 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25

AWS vs. Azure vs. Google vs. IBM Compute

Source: RightScaleAs of Nov 13, 2017AWS has families with and without local disk

VM Type AWSAWS Mem

AWS Disk

GoogleGoogle Mem

Google Disk

AzureAzure Mem

AzureDisk

IBMIBM Mem

IBM Disk

Standard 2 vCPU w SSD

m3.large 7.5 32 n1-standard-2 7.5 375 D2s v3 8 32 BL1.2x8.200 8 200

Standard 2 vCPU no SSD

m4.large 8 0 n1-standard-2 7.5 0 D2s v3 8 32 B1.2x8.25 8 25

Highmem 2 vCPUw SSD

r3.large 15 32 n1-highmem-2 13 375 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25

Highmem 2 vCPUno SSD

r4.large 15.25 0 n1-highmem-2 13 0 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25

Highcpu 2 vCPUw SSD

c3.large 3.75 32 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 375 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25

Highcpu 2 vCPU no SSD

c5.large 4 0 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 0 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25

AWS vs. Azure vs. Google vs. IBM Compute

Source: RightScaleAs of Nov 13, 2017Google lets you add on local

SSD but min is 375 GB

VM Type AWSAWS Mem

AWS Disk

GoogleGoogle Mem

Google Disk

AzureAzure Mem

AzureDisk

IBMIBM Mem

IBM Disk

Standard 2 vCPU w SSD

m3.large 7.5 32 n1-standard-2 7.5 375 D2s v3 8 32 BL1.2x8.200 8 200

Standard 2 vCPU no SSD

m4.large 8 0 n1-standard-2 7.5 0 D2s v3 8 32 B1.2x8.25 8 25

Highmem 2 vCPUw SSD

r3.large 15 32 n1-highmem-2 13 375 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25

Highmem 2 vCPUno SSD

r4.large 15.25 0 n1-highmem-2 13 0 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25

Highcpu 2 vCPUw SSD

c3.large 3.75 32 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 375 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25

Highcpu 2 vCPU no SSD

c5.large 4 0 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 0 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25

AWS vs. Azure vs. Google vs. IBM Compute

Source: RightScaleAs of Nov 13, 2017Azure always includes

local disk

VM Type AWSAWS Mem

AWS Disk

GoogleGoogle Mem

Google Disk

AzureAzure Mem

AzureDisk

IBMIBM Mem

IBM Disk

Standard 2 vCPU w SSD

m3.large 7.5 32 n1-standard-2 7.5 375 D2s v3 8 32 BL1.2x8.200 8 200

Standard 2 vCPU no SSD

m4.large 8 0 n1-standard-2 7.5 0 D2s v3 8 32 B1.2x8.25 8 25

Highmem 2 vCPUw SSD

r3.large 15 32 n1-highmem-2 13 375 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25

Highmem 2 vCPUno SSD

r4.large 15.25 0 n1-highmem-2 13 0 E2s v3 16 16 M1.2x16x25 16 25

Highcpu 2 vCPUw SSD

c3.large 3.75 32 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 375 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25

Highcpu 2 vCPU no SSD

c5.large 4 0 n1-highcpu-2 1.8 0 F2 v2 4 32 C1.2x2.25 2 25

AWS vs. Azure vs. Google vs. IBM Compute

Source: RightScaleAs of Nov 13, 2017IBM includes 25GB disk by

default.(Some local. some SAN)

VM TypeUS

Linux

AWS OD Hourly

Google OD Hourly

Azure OD Hourly

IBM OD Hourly

AWS OD /GB RAM

Google OD /GB RAM

Azure OD /GB RAM

IBM OD /GB RAM

Standard 2 vCPU

w Local SSD$0.133 $0.136 $0.100 $0.137 $0.018 $0.018 $0.013 $0.017

Standard 2 vCPU

no Local disk$0.100 $0.095 $0.100 $0.112 $0.013 $0.013 $0.013 $0.014

Highmem 2 vCPU

w Local SSD$0.166 $0.159 $0.133 $0.179 $0.011 $0.012 $0.008 $0.011

Highmem 2 vCPU

no Local disk$0.133 $0.118 $0.133 $0.179 $0.0089 $0.009 $0.008 $0.011

Highcpu 2 vCPU

w Local SSD$0.105 $0.112 $0.085 $0.075 $0.028 $0.062 $0.021 $0.038

Highcpu 2 vCPU

no Local disk$0.085 $0.071 $0.085 $0.075 $0.021 $0.039 $0.021 $0.038

AWS vs. Azure vs. Google vs. IBMOn-Demand Hourly

Source: RightScaleAs of Nov 13, 2017

VM TypeUS

Linux

AWS OD Hourly

Google OD Hourly

Azure OD Hourly

IBM OD Hourly

AWS OD /GB RAM

Google OD /GB RAM

Azure OD /GB RAM

IBM OD /GB RAM

Standard 2 vCPU

w Local SSD$0.133 $0.136 $0.100 $0.137 $0.018 $0.018 $0.013 $0.017

Standard 2 vCPU

no Local disk$0.100 $0.095 $0.100 $0.112 $0.013 $0.013 $0.013 $0.014

Highmem 2 vCPU

w Local SSD$0.166 $0.159 $0.133 $0.179 $0.011 $0.012 $0.008 $0.011

Highmem 2 vCPU

no Local disk$0.133 $0.118 $0.133 $0.179 $0.009 $0.009 $0.008 $0.011

Highcpu 2 vCPU

w Local SSD$0.105 $0.112 $0.085 $0.075 $0.028 $0.062 $0.021 $0.038

Highcpu 2 vCPU

no Local disk$0.085 $0.071 $0.085 $0.075 $0.021 $0.039 $0.021 $0.038

AWS vs. Azure vs. Google vs. IBMOn-Demand Hourly

Source: RightScaleAs of Nov 13, 2017

VM TypeUS

Linux

AWS 1Y RI

Annual

Google 1Y CUD Annual

Azure EA 30% off

Annual

IBM Monthly + 30% offAnnual

AWS 1Y RI

Annual/GB RAM

Google 1Y CUD Annual

/GB RAM

Azure EA 30% off

Annual/GB RAM

IBM Monthly + 30% offAnnual

/GB RAMStandard 2 vCPU

w Local SSD$867 $884 $613 $764 $116 $118 $77 $95

Standard 2 vCPU

no Local disk$622 $524 $613 $624 $78 $70 $77 $78

Highmem 2 vCPU

w Local SSD$946 $1,013 $816 $998 $63 $78 $51 $62

Highmem 2 vCPU

no Local disk$850 $653 $816 $998 $56 $50 $51 $62

Highcpu 2 vCPU

w Local SSD$666 $751 $521 $418 $178 $417 $130 $209

Highcpu 2 vCPU

no Local disk$543 $391 $521 $418 $136 $217 $130 $209

AWS vs. Azure vs. Google vs. IBMDiscounted Annual

Source: RightScaleAs of Nov 13, 2017

Hourly On-Demand Cost by Region: Standard 2 vCPU

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Google Azure Google AzureGoogle Azure

Annual Cost by Region: No Local Disk

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Google lowest across the board

Annual Cost by Region: With Local SSD

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Azure AzureGoogle Azure

Google Azure

Annual Cost: Attached Storage

30

Google

IBM

Annual Cost: Linux vs Windows

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GoogleGoogle

Google

IBM

Annual Cost by Flavor: No Local Disk

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Google lowest across the board

Annual Cost by Flavor: Local SSD

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Azure AzureGoogle Azure

IBM IBM

Annual Cost by Flavor per GB RAM: No Local Disk

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Google Google Google Google

AzureAzure

Annual Cost by Flavor per GB RAM: Local SSD

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Azure lowest across the board

AWS Google Azure IBM

Lowest Price 0 24 18 4

Highest Price 15 9 6 19

Who Has Lowest and Highest Prices?

We looked at 46 scenarios for this webinar. (There are many more)

AWS Google Azure IBM

On-DemandAnnual $1,667 $1,605 $1,436 $1,871

Discounted Annual $1,235 $1,486 $1,022 $1,192

Linux Scenario Totals (per GB RAM)

Highly dependent on your negotiated discounts

• Type of storage matters• If you need local disk, Azure tends to be lowest• If no local disk, Google tends to be lowest• For attached volumes, Google and IBM

• Discounting matters• Google is strong in on-demand for continuous workloads due to

Sustained Use Discount • Azure Reserved Instances may reduce Azure prices further• Your negotiated discounts matter - especially for IBM, but also

additional discounts for other clouds

Tips

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• AWS often provides more flexible options• Instances with or without local storage, storage with or without PIOPs• Partial/All Upfront 1yr RIs or 3 yr RIs or can save more

• Google SUDs reduce On-Demand costs, CUDs save more• Is often the lowest cost (unless you require local storage)

• Don’t use local storage unless you absolutely need it – Persistent Disk is cheaper

• Azure IS matching or beating AWS On-Demand prices• Your level of EA discount makes a difference in your discounted costs• Consider Azure Reserved Instances (available shortly)

• IBM is going to be about the negotiated discounts• Lower attached storage pricing• VERY good prices on Windows

Cloud Provider Specific Tips

• Lowest cost depends on• Your use case • Your need for local storage• Amount and Type of RIs you are buying on AWS or CUDs on Google• Your level of discount on Azure and IBM

• Make sure you…• Pick the right regions• Don’t overprovision• Make the right level of “commitments” to get discounts

• Thinks Multi-Cloud• Negotiating leverage• Pick the lowest cost option for each dev/test/batch workload

Takeaways

A Multi-Cloud Approach Can Save You Money

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Contact sales@rightscale.com for more info

To compare features of cloud providers: cloudcomparison.rightscale.com

For webinar comparing storage for cloud providers:https://www.rightscale.com/webinars/lp/aws-vs-azure-vs-google-cloud-storage-webinarFor other webinars: https://www.rightscale.com/webinars

Q&A

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