Post on 18-Jan-2018
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Clmate ModelingClmate ModelingIn-Class Discussion:In-Class Discussion:
Constraints on Dynamic Constraints on Dynamic FluxesFluxes
VenusVenus ~ III~ III
EarthEarth ~ II, III~ II, III
MarsMars ~ I, II~ I, II
JupiterJupiter ~ I~ I
Is there a physical reason for the transition from inner to outer planets?
FOCUS HERE: JupiterFOCUS HERE: Jupiter
Dynamic Regimes of PlanetsDynamic Regimes of Planets
II III
Regime 1 => Relatively weak dynamic flux
Other energy terms in near equilibrium at all latitudes.
Max Flux vs. D: NorthMax Flux vs. D: North’’s Models Model
I
(Stone, 1978)
UseUse
ThenThen
(Equation is non-dimensional)(Equation is non-dimensional)
Recall from Lecture 15:Recall from Lecture 15:Series RepresentationsSeries Representations
Represent Q, albedo and I by series in PRepresent Q, albedo and I by series in Pnn(x)(x)
Asuume hemispheric symmetry (e.g., annual average) Asuume hemispheric symmetry (e.g., annual average)
Note: I is scaled by Qo, so that in is non-dimensional,
as is an and Sn.
Observed Series RepresentationsObserved Series Representations~ For Earth ~~ For Earth ~
Stone (1978), using Ellis & Vonder Haar (1976) data: Stone (1978), using Ellis & Vonder Haar (1976) data:
n=0 n=2 n=4
Sn 1 - 0.473 - 0.086
an 0.675 - 0.192 - 0.057
in 0.687 - 0.165 - 0.032
n=4 values < 10% of n=0 values - rapid convergence
overall accuracy (obs. and fit) is ~ 10%
aa00 + a + a22SS22/5 - i/5 - i22 = 0.693 - 0.687 = 0.006 = 0.693 - 0.687 = 0.006
(Hemispheric equilibrium, within observational accuracy)(Hemispheric equilibrium, within observational accuracy)
What might we expect for Jupiter?What might we expect for Jupiter?Why?Why?
n=0 n=2 n=4 n=6…?
Sn 1 - 0.473 (?) - 0.086 (?) ??
an - - - ??
in - - - ??
• What makes Jupiter different from Earth?What makes Jupiter different from Earth?
Structure in Jupiter's AtmosphereStructure in Jupiter's Atmosphere
n=0 n=2 n=4 n=6…?
Sn 1 - 0.473(?) - 0.086(?) ??
an - - - ??
in - - - ??
What makes Jupiter different What makes Jupiter different from Earth?from Earth?
1.1. axial tilt ~ 3˚axial tilt ~ 3˚
2.2. ……
3.3. …… (pds.jpl.nasa.gov)
UseUse
ThenThen
(Equation is non-dimensional)(Equation is non-dimensional)
Flux for Jupiter? Does It Matter?Flux for Jupiter? Does It Matter?
Represent Q, albedo and I by series in PRepresent Q, albedo and I by series in Pnn(x)(x)
Asuume hemispheric symmetry (e.g., annual average) Asuume hemispheric symmetry (e.g., annual average)
Note: I is scaled by Qo, so that in is non-dimensional,
as is an and Sn.
VenusVenus ~ III~ III
EarthEarth ~ II, III~ II, III
MarsMars ~ I, II~ I, II
JupiterJupiter ~ I~ I
Is there a physical reason for the transition from inner to outer planets?
FOCUS NOW: VenusFOCUS NOW: Venus
Dynamic Regimes of PlanetsDynamic Regimes of Planets
Dynamics Range III: D >> 1Dynamics Range III: D >> 1For D >> 1, dynamics are super-efficient:
• Temp gradients wiped out quickly, so
• T2 and hence i2 0
• Then F determined entirely by geometry of differential solar heating
F transports heat to balance differences between solar heating and infrared cooling to space.
Dynamics Range III: D >> 1Dynamics Range III: D >> 1For D >> 1, dynamics are super-efficient:
• Temp gradients wiped out quickly, so
• T2 and hence i2 0
• Then F determined entirely by geometry of differential solar heating
What makes Venus different What makes Venus different from Earth?from Earth?
1.1. axial tilt ~ 3˚axial tilt ~ 3˚
2.2. ……
3.3. ……
(www.solarviews.com)
In-Class DiscussionIn-Class Discussion
~ End ~~ End ~