Post on 12-Jan-2016
Classification of Matter
Classification of Matter Matter
Anything that has mass and occupies space
Pure substance Has a constant composition It’s identified by a formula or
symbol Examples
water- H2O – always has 2 hydrogens and 1 oxygen
Helium - He
Classification of Matter
Compound Composed of two or more different
types of atoms that cannot be decomposed by physical means
Chemically combined Examples
Sodium chloride- NaCl Carbon dioxide- CO2
Classification of Matter
Element Simple substance that cannot be
decomposed into simpler substances by any chemical change
Mixtures of Matter
A mixture is a combination of two or more pure substances The individual pure substances do not
change their chemical properties, however
There are two types of mixtures: Heterogeneous mixtures do not have
the same consistency throughout Homogeneous mixtures do have the
same consistency
Examples of Mixtures
Solution A on the left isan example of a heterogeneous mixture
Solution B on the right is anexample of a homogeneousmixture
Classification of Matter Flowchart
Homogeneous Mixtures
Homeogeneous mixtures are more often referred to as solutions
Not all solutions are liquid: Gas-gas Gas-liquid Liquid-gas Liquid-liquid Solid-liquid Solid-solid
Different Types of Solutions
Separating Mixtures
Sometimes scientists find it helpful to be able to separate mixtures
Depending on the type of mixture, there are several techniques used to separate (purify) mixtures
Separation Techniques
Filtration is a technique that can be used to separate solids from a liquid/solid mixture
Separation Techniques
Distillation is a separation technique that separates two substances based on their boiling points
Separation Techniques
Crystallization is a separation technique that separates a solid from a solution. The solid precipitates from solution
(forms a solid) in a pure form
Separation Techniques
Chromatography Commonly
used in the pharmaceutical and biotech industry
Huge field of study (many different types of chromatography)
Classification of Matter Flowchart