Civil RightsI. IntroII. Amendments 13, 14,

15III. Segregation &

ResponsesA. Legal BasisB. Fighting Back &

Successes IV. Women

A. VoteB. JobsC. Title IX

Key Terms• Plessy vs.

Ferguson• Jim Crow• Idlewild• Brown Decision• Thurgood Marshall• Earl Warren• Bus Boycott• Sit-ins• 1964 Civil Rights

Act• 19th Amendment

•Outlawed Slavery

13th Amendment (1865)

1. All persons born in the United States are citizens of the United States.

2. All citizens are guaranteed equal treatment under the law.

14th Amendment (1868)

15th Amendment (1870)

• The bottom line: Guaranteed black men the right to vote.

• “The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.”

Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896)

• Separate facilities for different races were legal as long as they were equal in quality.

• “Separate but equal” doctrine-legalized segregation.Railroads in Louisiana

were segregated by law

Jim Crow Laws

• State and local laws that established legalized segregation all over the United States.

Idlewild Resort Company(1912)

• Goal: develop a resort for African Americans

Alvin Wright, Adelbert Branch, Erastus Branch,

and Wilbur Lemon

Early Housing: Doghouses

Came complete with two cots, a water pitcher & basin, a hot plate, and a “thunder mug.”

Famous Idlewild Residents

Madame C.J. Walker

(1867-1919)

Dr. Daniel H. Williams

(1856-1931)

Entertainers At Idlewild

Louis Armstrong

Aretha Franklin

Four TopsBill Cosby

Famous Visitors To Idlewild

Wilt Chamberlin

Joe Louis

Satchel Paige

Sugar Ray Robinson

Historic Idlewild

Famous Idlewild Club House (ca. 1926)

Flamingo Club

Brown Decision(Background)

• Brown was prohibited from attending the school near her home because she was black.

Linda Brown & Family

Brown Decision(Two important “players”)

Attorney who argued the case

Thurgood Marshall Earl Warren

Chief Justice of Supreme Court

Brown Decision: Civil Rights Success(1954)

The Decision:

• The doctrine of ‘separate but equal’ has no place in education.

• Segregation in schools was prohibited & must end “with all deliberate speed.”

Bus Boycott: Civil Rights Success (Montgomery, AL, 1955-56)

Rosa Parks

(1913-2005 )

Martin L. King

(1928-1968)

Sit-in Movement

Greensboro, NC: Woolworth lunch counter (1960)

Sit-in Jackson, MS 1963 Image Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Woolworth’s Lunch Counter(Smithsonian, WADC)

1964 Civil Rights Act: Civil Rights Success

1. Outlawed discrimination in all public places

2. Outlawed all job discrimination based on race and sex

1964 Civil Rights Act

“…we’ve just delivered the South to the Republican party for a long time to come….”

“Solid South” = Republican

1972

1996

1984

2004

“Clubhouse Rock”

Flamingo Club

Historic Idlewild Over Time

• Since 1964 Idlewild has declined as a tourist destination

• Current unemployment statistics*– August 2010: 9.6% US– August 2010: 13.1% Michigan– August 2010: 14.9% Lake County– August 2010: 11.7% Mason County– August 2010: 12.0% Manistee County

*Bureau of Labor Statistics: http://www.bls.gov/web/laus/laumstrk.htm & MI Dept of Laborhttp://www.google.com/publicdata?ds=usunemployment&met=unemployment_rate&idim=county:CN260850&dl=en&hl=en&q=unemployment+rate+lake+county+mi http://www.rivercountryjournal.com/?p=39223 http://www.milmi.org/

19th Amendment (1920):Civil Rights Success

• Bottom line: Guaranteed women the right to vote.

• “The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex.”

Kathrine Switzer

1967 Boston Marathon

1. Outlawed discrimination in all public places

2. Outlawed all job discrimination based on race and sex.

1964 Civil Rights Act: Civil Rights Success

Title IX(Background)

Statistics• 1972: 1 in 27 HS girls

played sports (2002: 1 in 2.5)

• In 1970 women made up: – 5% of law school grads

(2004 = 49%)– 8% of medical school

grads (2004 = 46)

Title IX(1972)

• Title IX: Prohibits sex discrimination in education

• Women now receive 42% of scholarship money

Low-profile men’s sports have sometimes been cut

Civil RightsI. IntroII. Amendments 13, 14,

15III. Segregation &

ResponsesA. Legal BasisB. Fighting Back &

Successes IV. Women

A. VoteB. JobsC. Title IX

Key Terms• Plessy vs.

Ferguson• Jim Crow• Idlewild• Brown Decision• Thurgood Marshall• Earl Warren• Bus Boycott• Sit-ins• 1964 Civil Rights

Act• 19th Amendment