Children with Hearing Loss

in Hawai`i: Early and Late Identified

(Session #8)

2006 Early Hearing Detection and Intervention Conference

Washington, D.C.February 3, 2006

Beppie J. Shapiro, Ph.D. andNicolette K. Battad, M.A.

Center on Disability Studies, College of Education, University of Hawai`i

beppie@hawaii.edu, nbattad@hawaii.edu

 

Faculty Disclosure Information

In the past 12 months, I have not had a significant financial interest or other relationship with the manufacturer(s) of the

product(s) or provider(s) of the service(s) that will be discussed in my presentation.

 This presentation will (not) include discussion of

pharmaceuticals or devices that have not been approved by the FDA or if you will be discussing unapproved or “off-label”

uses of pharmaceuticals or devices.

Presentation Outline

Description of StudyPreliminary dataDiscussion

Hawai`i Follow-Up Study of Children with Congenital Hearing Loss

Born 1992-1998Permanent congenital hearing lossLived continuously in Hawai`iCo-occurring disabilities do not

preclude assessment

Study Eligibility:

Recruitment: Goal to recruit 187 children!

417

131160

9565 48

050

100150200250300350400450

Current Study Status

Recruitment ended Dec. 2005

48 eligible children enrolled Information from 343

providers obtained Majority of data entered in

database

Child Demographics-Birth Yr

2 2

5

910

11

9

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

20 females, 28 malesMedian age upon study entry 6.9 years (range 4.6-

13.5)

Child Demographics-Ethnicity

18

6

17

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

Asian

Caucasian

Pacific Islander

American/Alaska Native

Asian/Caucasian/Pac Isl

Hispanic/Latino

Family Demographics-Mother’s Info

Median age of mother at birth of child 31 yrs. (range 16-44)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

<20 20-25 26-30 31-35 36+02468

101214161820

Mother’s Education Mother’s Age at Birth

Family Demographics- Income

Range 35-361% Hawaii’s 2004 FPL for Family Size of 4 =

$21,680/yr

10

1716

3

02468

1012141618

100% 200% 300% >300%

# of Families

Parent Report: How Was Loss Identified?

Mean age of identification reported by parent was 21 months (range 0-120 mo)

At Birth 15%

At Older Age by Professional- 45%

NHS 33%

Newborn Hearing Screening by Birth Year

Total of 29 children screened thru NBHS 88% children were referred from NBHS for further

evaluation

0 0

40

55

72 70

87

0102030405060708090

100

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998

% Screened

Age at 1st Identification

Median Age 1st Identified = 12 months

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

1 3 6 12 24 36 48 60

Age (months) by which child was identified

(not cumulative)

# of Children

Age at 1st Intervention

4

87

6

8

4

2

0123456789

1 3 6 12 24 36 60

# of Children

Age (months) by which service initiated (not cumulative)

Educational Data

50% of Children enrolled in Special Education (SPED)

4.6 years =Average age of enrollment

Communication

83% Communicate primarily in spoken English; 16% Mixed; 4% ASL

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

English Only Mixed ASL Only

# of children

Amplification

58% use hearing aids; 3 (6%) cochlear implants

83% Communicate primarily in spoken English; (16% Mixed; 4% ASL)

Child Development

38% of parents reported child had other developmental delays (cognitive, fine motor, gross motor)

Reference List

For more information on efficacy of NBHS protocols, see

Johnson, Jean, White, Karl, Widen, Judith, Gravel, Judith et al, 2005. A Multicenter Evaluation of How Many Infants with Permanent Hearing Loss Pass a Two-Stage Otoacoustic Emissions/Automated Auditory Brainstem Response Newborn Hearing Screening Protocol. Pediatrics 116:3, 663-672

Additional information on EHDI in Hawai`i and other states may be found at:

www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/ehdi/dips.htm

Discussion

Beppie Shapiro beppie@hawaii.eduNicolette Battadnbattad@hawaii.edu