Post on 24-Feb-2016
description
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Chemometric in Civil EngineeringChemometric in Civil Engineering
Alfred Suleymanov
Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering
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The general structure of the UniversityThe general structure of the University
The University is subdivided in:
1. Institute of Architecture and Design
Faculty of General Architectural and Art Training
Architecture Faculty
Design Faculty
Building Design Department
Architectural School for Children DASHKA
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2 Institute of Transport
Faculty of Transport Engineering
Faculty Engineering Basics
The general structure of the UniversityThe general structure of the University
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The general structure of the UniversityThe general structure of the University
3. Institute of Economy and Building Management
Faculty of Economics
Faculty of Part-time and Extended Studies
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The general structure of the UniversityThe general structure of the University
4. Centre for Humanities Sciences
5. Faculties
Building Science Engineering
Faculty of Engineering Systems and Ecology
Faculty of Construction Technologies
Engineering Faculty for Part-time Studies
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Specialties
- Architecture
- Building Engineering
- Restoration and Reconstruction of Architectonical Heritage
- Design of Architectonical Environment
- Interior Art
- Industrial and Civil Engineering
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Specialties
- Economy and Business Management
- Expertise and Real Estate Management
- Heat Supply and Ventilation
- Water Supply and Water Removal
- Production of Constructional Material, Manufactures
and Construction
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Specialties
- Highway and Airdrome
- Transport Organization and Safety
- Bridges and Transport Tunnels
- Engineering Protection of Environment
- Informational Systems and Technologies
- Professional Education (Engineering, Wiring and
Repair Technologies)
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Scientific directions
- Mechanics of deforming solids
- Building facilities, edifices and constructions
- Heat supply, ventilation, air conditioning, natural gas
supply and illumination
- Water supply, sewerage systems, building water-
preserving systems.
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Scientific directions
- Building materials and products
- Philosophy of science and technology
- Theory and history of architecture, restoration and
reconstruction of historical-architectural heritage
- Architecture of building and constructions. Creative
conceptions of architectural activity
- City and rural inhabited locality planning
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Chemometric techniques in civil engineering
• monitoring of historical buildings with non-intrusive
measurements (image analysis, acoustic and
ultrasonic probing )
• estimation of heterogeneity in concrete slabs,
identification of the substrate defects on painted
slates, etc. (novel methods of texture analysis);
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Chemometric techniques in civil engineering
• ecological analysis of pollution; (PCA, PLS and N-way methods)
• analysis of aging and degradation of various materials (multivariate projection methods)
• quantitative structure – property relationship (QSPR)
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Pneumatic and awning constructions (textile architecture)
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Structure of Composite
1-textile reinforcing basis
2-film covering (matrix)
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Problems of prediction of polymer materials durability
• Degradation processes take place at various structural levels with manifestation of various relationships of cause and effect
• Nowadays there is no general theory of polymer aging and destruction
• Traditional kinetic approach fails in description of the complicated aging phenomena including both chemical and physical ways of degradation
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Problems of prediction …
• The situation is even more aggravated with multi-
dimensionality and multi-criteriality
Under such circumstances we are forced to apply
the soft models for prediction of polymer
materials durability !
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Choice and substantiation of aging parameters (data for construction of mathematical model)
• Developing the practical methods for durability prediction it is necessary to choose such characteristics that clearly represent the relationships between the structural changes and material quality
• Certainly, it would be nice to get these characteristics without complex methods of structural analysis
• Basically, it is impossible to single out a parameter that unequivocally represents both physical and chemical processes in polymeric materials at their aging
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Physic-mechanical properties are measured and used for investigation
• Durability σ and elongation at break ε• The initial module of elasticity Е• Creep at ageing Δ • Color ΔΕ• Shine • Transparency α• Limiting wetting angle θ
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Colorimetric system CIE Lab
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The following aging conditions were simulated
• UV sun radiation• Rain• Temperature• Tensile stress
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Climatic chambers for experimental researches
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Climatic chambers for experimental researches
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PVC films before and after ageing
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Mechanical properties
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0 200 400 600 800 1000
time of ageing, hours
dura
bilit
y at
bre
ak, %
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0 200 400 600 800 1000time of ageing, hours
elon
gatio
n at
bre
ak,%
,
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0 200 400 600 800 1000time of ageing, hours
mod
ule
of e
last
icity
, %
m
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0 200 400 600 800 1000
time of ageig, hours
cree
p, %
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0 200 400 600 800 1000time of ageing, hours
mod
ule
of e
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icity
, %
m
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Image properties
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0 200 400 600 800 1000
time of ageing, hours
colo
r ∆ Е
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0 200 400 600 800 1000
time of ageing, hours
shin
e, %
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0 200 400 600 800 1000
time of ageing, hours
limiti
ng w
ettin
g an
gle,
%
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0 200 400 600 800 1000
optic
al d
ensit
y, %
time of ageing, hours hours
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0 200 400 600 800 1000
optic
al d
ensit
y, %
time of ageing, hours hours
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0
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0 200 400 600 800 1000time of ageing, hours
elon
gatio
n at
bre
ak,%
,
Durability and Image correlations
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0 200 400 600 800 1000
time of ageing, hours
colo
r ∆ Е
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Orange pigment at aging
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Blue pigment at aging
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Blue pigment at aging
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PCA Loadings
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PCA Scores
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PLS Model
Aging conditionsTime Thickness Loading Intensity
X1
Optical propertiesColor Shine Angle Opt. Density
X2
Mechanical propertiesTensile Modulus Elongation Creep
Ytraining
Ynew
Predictor matrix X Response matrix Y
PLS
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Tensile strength prediction
Calibration set Test set
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Elongation at break prediction
Calibration set Test set
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Green Color Prediction
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Regression coefficients Bw
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Conclusions
Multivariate approach enables us to analyze jointly the
material properties in the course of its aging
The presented approach substitutes the mechanical testing by a rapid and non-destructive measurement of such physical properties as color, shine and others
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0
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0 200 400 600 800 1000
time of ageing, hours
colo
r ∆ Е
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0 200 400 600 800 1000time of ageing, hours
elon
gatio
n at
bre
ak,%
,
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0
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1200
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0 200 400 600 800 1000time of ageing, hours
mod
ule
of e
last
icity
, %
m
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0 200 400 600 800 1000
time of ageing, hoursco
lor ∆
Е
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0
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0 200 400 600 800 1000
time of ageing, hours
dura
bilit
y at
bre
ak, %
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time of ageing, hoursco
lor ∆
Е
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0
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0 200 400 600 800 1000
time of ageing, hours
colo
r ∆ Е
0
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120
0 200 400 600 800 1000time of ageing, hours
elon
gatio
n at
bre
ak,%
,
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0
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0 200 400 600 800 1000
time of ageing, hoursco
lor ∆
Е
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0 200 400 600 800 1000
time of ageig, hours
cree
p, %