Charges. Electrons P+ n nucleus e- Source of Electrons(Force)

ChargesCharges

Electrons Electrons

nucleus

Source of Electrons(Force) Source of Electrons(Force)

Matter Weight - SpaceMatter Weight - Space

Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

AtomsAtoms

nucleus

valenceshell

AtomsAtoms

Atomic Number ndash Number of Protons

Atomic Weight ndash Number of Protons plus Neutrons

Number of Protons EQUALS Electrons in a neutral atom

IonizationIonization

The process where an atom gains or loses an electron

NaNa++ClCl--Na ndash Positive IonCl ndash Negative Ion

Charges (q) Charges (q)

Like Charges (++ - -)Like Charges (++ - -)

q+ q+Repel

Un-Like Charges (+ -)Un-Like Charges (+ -)

q+ q-Attract

Coulombrsquos LawCoulombrsquos Law

Coulomb (C)Coulomb (C)

The quantity of charge The quantity of charge on an abjecton an abject

1C = 625 x 101C = 625 x 101818 e e--

What does the force What does the force depend ondepend on

1The charge on q1The charge on q11 and q and q22

2The distance (d)2The distance (d)

Mathematical Model for Mathematical Model for Coulombrsquos Law Force (F)Coulombrsquos Law Force (F)

F infinF infin q1q2 q1q2

F infinF infin 1d 1d22

q1 q2d

F =F =

qq11qq22

dd22KK

K = 90 X 10K = 90 X 1099 N Nmm22CC22

q1 q2d=3cm

d = 3cm = 3x10d = 3cm = 3x10-2-2mmK = 90 X 10K = 90 X 1099 N Nmm22CC22

qq11= +6= +6μμC = +6x10C = +6x10-6-6CCqq22= +3= +3μμC = +6x10C = +6x10-6-6C C

What is the force on qWhat is the force on q22

F =F =

(3X10(3X10-2-2m)m)22

9X109X1099NNmm22CC22(6X10(6X10-6-6C)(6X10C)(6X10-6-6C)C)

qq11qq22

F =F = 18X1018X1022NN

Electric FieldsElectric Fields

Think of gravity or Think of gravity or gravitational field to gravitational field to

understand electric fieldsunderstand electric fields

Electric Fields Electric Fields vs vs GravityGravity

Electric Electric FieldsFields

neutralneutral neutralneutral

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

ElectricElectric Fields Fields

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

A force field due to electric A force field due to electric chargescharges

A force on a charge due to A force on a charge due to another chageanother chage

Electric Field Point ChargeElectric Field Point Charge

E =E = kqkqrr22

Force on a charge lsquoqrsquo in an Force on a charge lsquoqrsquo in an Electric FieldElectric Field

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NewtonNewtonCoulombCoulomb

E =E = NNCC

Energy and WorkEnergy and Work

It takes work to move It takes work to move the ldquo-rdquo chargethe ldquo-rdquo charge

Electric Potential (Energy)Electric Potential (Energy)VoltageVoltage

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

Work on Work on qrsquoqrsquo

qrsquoqrsquo

JoulJouleeCoulomCoulom

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV = VV = VBB - V - VAA

VVAA VVBB

ldquoldquoPotential DifferencerdquoPotential DifferencerdquoVoltageVoltage

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

q q ΔΔV V = = Eqd Eqd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

Example Example Two parallel plates are given Two parallel plates are given opposite charges A opposite charges A

voltmeter measures the voltmeter measures the electric potental differnece electric potental differnece to be 60V The plates are to be 60V The plates are 3ocm apart What is the 3ocm apart What is the magnitude of the electric magnitude of the electric

field between them field between them

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

20002000J(mJ(mmiddotC)= E middotC)= E

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

Flow of chargeFlow of charge

Charge - Coulomb(C) Charge - Coulomb(C) 624 X 10624 X 101818 electrons electrons

e ee e ee e e e e e eeee e

Leyden JarLeyden Jar

ConductorsConductors

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

A capacitor is a passive electronic component that stores energy in the form of an electrostatic field

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

Insulating MaterialDielectric

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CopperCopperZincZinc

CurrentCurrent

Number of electrons Number of electrons passing a point in a passing a point in a secondsecond

CurrentCurrent

Symbol - Symbol - II

Unit ndash Unit ndash Ampere (Amps)Ampere (Amps)

Amperes - Amperes - AA

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Potential DifferencePotential Difference

Electromotive Force (EMF)Electromotive Force (EMF)

VoltageVoltage

Symbol - Symbol - VV

Unit ndash Unit ndash VoltVolt

Volt - Volt - VV

ResistanceResistance

Opposition to Current FlowOpposition to Current Flow

High ResistanceHigh ResistanceInsulatorInsulator

Low ResistanceLow ResistanceConductorConductor

High and Low ResistanceHigh and Low ResistanceSemiConductorSemiConductor

Symbol - Symbol - RR

Unit ndash Unit ndash OhmOhm

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

Putting it all TogetherPutting it all Together

LoadSource

Homework 1-1Homework 1-1

WorksheetWorksheetDue 9902Due 9902Test 9902Test 9902

Electric Fields vs Gravity

Electric Fields

Electric Field Point Charge

Force on a charge lsquoqrsquo in an Electric Field

Example

Capacitor

Copper

Electrons Electrons

nucleus

AtomsAtoms

nucleus

valenceshell

AtomsAtoms

q+ q+Repel

q+ q-Attract

1C = 625 x 101C = 625 x 101818 e e--

q1 q2d

F =F =

qq11qq22

dd22KK

K = 90 X 10K = 90 X 1099 N Nmm22CC22

q1 q2d=3cm

F =F =

(3X10(3X10-2-2m)m)22

qq11qq22

F =F = 18X1018X1022NN

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

AtomsAtoms

nucleus

valenceshell

AtomsAtoms

q+ q+Repel

q+ q-Attract

1C = 625 x 101C = 625 x 101818 e e--

q1 q2d

F =F =

qq11qq22

dd22KK

K = 90 X 10K = 90 X 1099 N Nmm22CC22

q1 q2d=3cm

F =F =

(3X10(3X10-2-2m)m)22

qq11qq22

F =F = 18X1018X1022NN

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

AtomsAtoms

nucleus

valenceshell

AtomsAtoms

q+ q+Repel

q+ q-Attract

1C = 625 x 101C = 625 x 101818 e e--

q1 q2d

F =F =

qq11qq22

dd22KK

K = 90 X 10K = 90 X 1099 N Nmm22CC22

q1 q2d=3cm

F =F =

(3X10(3X10-2-2m)m)22

qq11qq22

F =F = 18X1018X1022NN

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

AtomsAtoms

nucleus

valenceshell

AtomsAtoms

q+ q+Repel

q+ q-Attract

1C = 625 x 101C = 625 x 101818 e e--

q1 q2d

F =F =

qq11qq22

dd22KK

K = 90 X 10K = 90 X 1099 N Nmm22CC22

q1 q2d=3cm

F =F =

(3X10(3X10-2-2m)m)22

qq11qq22

F =F = 18X1018X1022NN

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

AtomsAtoms

q+ q+Repel

q+ q-Attract

1C = 625 x 101C = 625 x 101818 e e--

q1 q2d

F =F =

qq11qq22

dd22KK

K = 90 X 10K = 90 X 1099 N Nmm22CC22

q1 q2d=3cm

F =F =

(3X10(3X10-2-2m)m)22

qq11qq22

F =F = 18X1018X1022NN

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

q+ q+Repel

q+ q-Attract

1C = 625 x 101C = 625 x 101818 e e--

q1 q2d

F =F =

qq11qq22

dd22KK

K = 90 X 10K = 90 X 1099 N Nmm22CC22

q1 q2d=3cm

F =F =

(3X10(3X10-2-2m)m)22

qq11qq22

F =F = 18X1018X1022NN

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

q+ q+Repel

q+ q-Attract

1C = 625 x 101C = 625 x 101818 e e--

q1 q2d

F =F =

qq11qq22

dd22KK

K = 90 X 10K = 90 X 1099 N Nmm22CC22

q1 q2d=3cm

F =F =

(3X10(3X10-2-2m)m)22

qq11qq22

F =F = 18X1018X1022NN

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

q+ q-Attract

1C = 625 x 101C = 625 x 101818 e e--

q1 q2d

F =F =

qq11qq22

dd22KK

K = 90 X 10K = 90 X 1099 N Nmm22CC22

q1 q2d=3cm

F =F =

(3X10(3X10-2-2m)m)22

qq11qq22

F =F = 18X1018X1022NN

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

1C = 625 x 101C = 625 x 101818 e e--

q1 q2d

F =F =

qq11qq22

dd22KK

K = 90 X 10K = 90 X 1099 N Nmm22CC22

q1 q2d=3cm

F =F =

(3X10(3X10-2-2m)m)22

qq11qq22

F =F = 18X1018X1022NN

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

q1 q2d

F =F =

qq11qq22

dd22KK

K = 90 X 10K = 90 X 1099 N Nmm22CC22

q1 q2d=3cm

F =F =

(3X10(3X10-2-2m)m)22

qq11qq22

F =F = 18X1018X1022NN

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

q1 q2d

F =F =

qq11qq22

dd22KK

K = 90 X 10K = 90 X 1099 N Nmm22CC22

q1 q2d=3cm

F =F =

(3X10(3X10-2-2m)m)22

qq11qq22

F =F = 18X1018X1022NN

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

q1 q2d

F =F =

qq11qq22

dd22KK

K = 90 X 10K = 90 X 1099 N Nmm22CC22

q1 q2d=3cm

F =F =

(3X10(3X10-2-2m)m)22

qq11qq22

F =F = 18X1018X1022NN

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

q1 q2d

F =F =

qq11qq22

dd22KK

K = 90 X 10K = 90 X 1099 N Nmm22CC22

q1 q2d=3cm

F =F =

(3X10(3X10-2-2m)m)22

qq11qq22

F =F = 18X1018X1022NN

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

q1 q2d

F =F =

qq11qq22

dd22KK

K = 90 X 10K = 90 X 1099 N Nmm22CC22

q1 q2d=3cm

F =F =

(3X10(3X10-2-2m)m)22

qq11qq22

F =F = 18X1018X1022NN

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

q1 q2d

F =F =

qq11qq22

dd22KK

K = 90 X 10K = 90 X 1099 N Nmm22CC22

q1 q2d=3cm

F =F =

(3X10(3X10-2-2m)m)22

qq11qq22

F =F = 18X1018X1022NN

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

q1 q2d=3cm

F =F =

(3X10(3X10-2-2m)m)22

qq11qq22

F =F = 18X1018X1022NN

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

F =F =

(3X10(3X10-2-2m)m)22

qq11qq22

F =F = 18X1018X1022NN

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

++++++++++++++++++++

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

E =E = kqkqrr22

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

E =E = FFqq

E =E = NNCC

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

qrsquoqrsquo

ΔΔV =V =

qrsquoqrsquo

bb=== volt= volt

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

qrsquoqrsquo

VVAA VVBB

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

ΔΔV V = = Fd Fd

E = E = F F q q

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

++++++++ ++++++++++++

ΔV=600V D=0030m

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

ΔΔV V = = Ed Ed

= E = E ΔΔVVd d

= E = E

60V60V003003m m

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

2000 2000 NNC = E C = E

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

CurrentCurrent

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

++++------------ ----

--------

++++ ++++++++

------

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

CapacitorCapacitor

Metal Plates

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

CapacitorCapacitor

-- ---- -- -- ---- --

++++++++ ++++++++

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

CurrentCurrent

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

ForceForce

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

VoltageVoltage

Volt - Volt - VV

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

Ohm - Ohm - ΩΩ

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

LoadSource

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

Electric Fields

Example

Capacitor

Copper

Charges. Electrons P+ n nucleus e- Source of Electrons(Force)

Documents

Transcript of Charges. Electrons P+ n nucleus e- Source of Electrons(Force)

Electricity. Charges Atoms contain particles called protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons (+) Electrons (-) Neutrons (0)

Forces in the Atom– Electrons and the Nucleus

Electron Arrangement. Electrons are arranged in energy levels around the nucleus Electrons are arranged in energy levels around the nucleus Each energy.

Nuclear chemistry. Subatomic Particles Protons- plus charge In the nucleus Neutrons- neutral Electrons - negative charge Outside the nucleus.

Electrons. Models of the Atom Electrons Electrons do not orbit the nucleus like the planets orbit the sun. Electrons are located in the electron cloud.

Rutherford Atomic Model Nucleus as Positive Centre. Electrons revolving round the nucleus in oblong orbital. Electrons moving very fast around the nucleus.

The Most Stable Arrangement of the Nucleus and the Electrons

Electrons Electrons are found circling the nucleus at extremely fast speeds. + and – attract. The reason e- are not pulled into the nucleus is because.

If opposite charges attract, why are the negative electrons not attracted to the positive nucleus?

Chemistry in 7 Days The basic unit of chemistry is the atom The atom has protons and neutrons in the nucleus and electrons orbiting the nucleus. Electrons.

What are the components of an atom? What is in the nucleus? What are the charges of the subatomic particles? Where are the electrons?

Electrons nucleus We dont care about the electrons right now… Remember the easy stuff!!

Electrons, Bonding Naming Compounds. ELECTRONS Electron Arrangement Electrons travel in orbits around the nucleus (similar to planets around the sun)

Electrons in metals ++++++++ Energy E Spatial coordinate x Nucleus with localized core electrons Jellium model: electrons shield potential to a large extent.

By: Aimee Chavez. Protons: positive + charge, found in nucleus, Protons: Electrons: negative - charge, found outside nucleus Electrons: Neutrons:

Chemistry Part II Electrons and Bonding. Electrons surround the nucleus of an atom. Electrons are negatively charged particles. Electrons are negatively.

Atomic Spectra and Electron Orbitals. The Classical Atom Electrons orbited the nucleus. Electrons orbited the nucleus. Problem!! Problem!! Accelerating.

Rutherford’s Atom/Past Electrons orbit nucleus similar as planets to the sun Atom of the Present Electrons orbit nucleus in the form of clouds.

The atom orbiting electrons Nucleus (protons and neutrons)

Electricity. Electric Charge Rules: –More protons than electrons: + charge –More electrons than protons: - charge –Like charges repel; opposite charges.