Post on 04-Apr-2018
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Chapter Four, Section One: The Early Greeks
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The Early Greeks
Main Idea: The geography of Greece
influenced where people settled and
what they did.
Focus: Do you rake leaves in the fall?
Do you walk uphill to school? Your
answers explain how geography shapesyour life.
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Virtual Field Trip
Are you ready to go? Please keep your
hands on your desk at all times. Feet
straight in front of you on the floor,
please.
Here we go!
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The Geography of Greece
If you fly over Greece today, you will see
a mountainous land framed by sparkling
blue water.
Mainland Greece is a peninsulaa bodyof land with water on three sides.
Many ancient Greeks made a living from
the sea. What do you think they did?
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Greeces mountains and rocky soil were
not ideal for growing crops.
The climate was mild and in some
places people could grow wheat, barley,
olives, and grapes.
They also raised sheep and goats.
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The First Greek Kingdoms
Mycenaeans built the first Greek
kingdoms and spread their power across
the Mediterranean region.
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The Greek Alphabet
W ill G k d
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We will get to Greek art and
architecture shortly, but for
now
Depictions of Greece inart. Got it?
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Allow Miss Sees to continue her
art historical ramblings
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The Move to Colonize
Colonies and trade spread Greek cultureand spurred industry.
As Greece recovered from a Dark Age, itspopulation rose quickly. By 700 B.C.,farmers could no longer grow enough grainto feed everyone.
As a result, cities began sending peopleoutside Greece to start colonies.
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A colony is a settlement in a newterritory that keeps close ties to itshomeland.
Between 750 B.C. and 550 B.C.adventurous Greeks streamed to thecoasts of Italy, France, Spain, North
Africa, and western Asia. With eachnew colony, Greek culture spreadfarther.
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Greek Citizenship
Each Greek city-state was run by its citizens.
When we speak of citizens, we meanmembers of a political community who treateach other as equals and who have rights andresponsibilities.
This was very different from Mesopotamia andEgypt.
There, most people were subjects.
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They had no rights, no say ingovernment, and no choice but to obeytheir rulers.
The Greeks were the first people todevelop the idea of citizenship.
Today, the word applies to almosteveryone in a society.
However, in most Greek city-states, onlyfree native-born men who owned landcould be citizens.
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Some city-states, such as Athens,
eventually dropped the land-owning
requirement. Slaves and foreign-born
residents, however, continued to beexcluded. As for women and children,
they might qualify for citizenship, but
they had none of the rights that went
with it.
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Citizens as Soldiers
In early Greece, wars were waged by
nobles riding horses and chariots.
As the idea of citizenship developed,
however, the military system changed.
Citizens were required to fight. They
had shields, weapons, and had strong
hometown pride for their individual city-states. This would eventually lead to a
more divided Greece.
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Government of City-States
Most city-states became either
oligarchies or democracies after the fall
of tyrants.
Oligarchy: a few people hold power.(elite)
Democracy: all citizens share inrunning the government.
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Next week will learn
about Athenian Democracy and the
Spartan warriors. Fun stuff!