CHAPTER EIGHT

THE CLASH OF THE EMPIRES

bull Frenchmen bull also known as

LaSalle bull He had come to New

France two years before to trade for furs with Indians

bull His great ambition was to find a route to Asia through the interior of North America ROBERT

CAVELIERLASALLE

NORTHWEST PASSAGE

A route to Asia through the interior of North America

New France had begun with Samuel Champlainrsquos

founding of Quebec in 1608

Population was 2000 (mostly male)

WHAT JOBS DID THE FRENCH HAVE

bull Fur tradersbull Government officialsbull missionaries

QUEBEC

bull THE CAPITAL OF NEW FRANCE

MONTREAL

In the 1660s France became very concerned about the growing number of English and Dutch colonists in North America

They were beginning to compete with the French fur trade

HOW IS NEW FRANCE DIFFERENT The English has set up permanent colonies whereas the French had not

SOhellipFRANCE STARTED SETTLING

The increased population would serve as a line of defense against the English expansion

The plan worked The population in New France grew to 15000 by 1700

HOWEVER THE PLAN DIDNrsquoT WORK WELL ENOUGH

bull ENGLAND STILL DOMINATED

TRADETRADE

The plan worked The population in New France grew to 15000 by 1700

HOWEVER THE PLAN DIDNrsquoT WORK WELL ENOUGH

bull ENGLAND STILL DOMINATED

TRADETRADE

HOWEVER THE PLAN DIDNrsquoT WORK WELL ENOUGH

bull ENGLAND STILL DOMINATED

TRADETRADE

TRADETRADE

WHAT WAS LIFE LIKE FOR A FRENCHMEN

bull Ordinary Frenchmen could not own land

bull The riches for these

men lie in fur pelts and hides

bull Land was only granted to the nobles

WHAT DID THE FRENCH NEED FOR THE FUR TRADE TO WORK

bull Indian participation

WHAT DO I DO NOW

bull 1 Open BOOK to p 1532 Open binder to Ch 8 section one I can

statements3 COMPLETE ONLY 1-14It is truly a miserable thing that we no sooner leave

fighting our neighbors the French but we must fall to quarreling among ourselvesmdash Reverend Samuel Johnson of Connecticut 177319

HOW WERE THE FRENCH SO MUCH BETTER WITH THE INDIANS THAN WE WERE

bull The French got along with the Indians better than any other colonial power

bull French trappers and traders learned to live as the Indians did

bull Some fur traders even lived among the Indians and married into their tribes

bull French missionaries also treated the Indians with respect

WHAT ELSE

bull They took the time to learn the Indian language

bull They did not force the Indians to follow the French ways THE ENGLISH DID NOT TAKE THE TIME TO LEARN TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS

MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED

Traded goods without exchanging money

bull Some fur traders even lived among the Indians and married into their tribes

bull French missionaries also treated the Indians with respect

WHAT ELSE

bull They took the time to learn the Indian language

bull They did not force the Indians to follow the French ways THE ENGLISH DID NOT TAKE THE TIME TO LEARN TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS

MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED

Traded goods without exchanging money

WHAT ELSE

bull They took the time to learn the Indian language

bull They did not force the Indians to follow the French ways THE ENGLISH DID NOT TAKE THE TIME TO LEARN TO DO ANY OF THESE THINGS

MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED

Traded goods without exchanging money

MANY FRENCH AND INDIANS BARTERED

Traded goods without exchanging money

WHAT DID THEY BARTER

bull 1 fursbull 2 deerskins bull 3manufactured

itemsbull 4 iron pots bull 5 steel knivesbull 6 glass beads bull 7 even guns

SOhellipLASALLE DECIDES TO GO SOUTH

ROBERT CAVELIER

In the winter of 1668-1669 LaSalle took notes as the Seneca told him

about his homeland A great

river called the Ohio River ran

through this land

Was it possible that Ohio River was the Northwest Passage

That is why LaSalle was so excited

WAIT A MINUTEWHAT WAS THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE AGAIN

bullA route to Asia through the interior of North America

NObull The next spring he headed southward from

Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the

Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading

south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage

NObull The next spring he headed southward from

Lake Ontario until he reached the Ohio River bull He followed the great river almost to the

Mississippi bull Then he realized that the Ohio was heading

south and was not likely to be the Northwest Passage

Jacques Marquette was a missionary priest and Joliet was a fur trader They tried to find yet another great river

PORTAGE

bull Carrying boats over land

I can explain what Marquette and Joliet did when they reached the Arkansas River

They were afraid that they might run into the Spanish so they turned around

FROM THIS LASALLE HAD A DREAM

bull LaSalle had begun dreaming of expanding New France to the west He looked forward to permanent French settlements in the future

He asked permission to explore the Mississippi for purposes of colonization

In 1677 Lois XIV king of France granted LaSallersquos request

In 1687 LaSalle crossed the Great Lakes by boat

In 1681 he set out with 23 French colonists and 31 Indians

In the lower Mississippi Valley they met decedents of the mound builders and were impressed with how nice the tribe was

In April 1682 they reached the gulf of Mexico

There at the mouth of the Mississippi River LaSalle claiming his country of Louisianahellipin the name of the most high and mighty Louis the Great (king of France)

gt

With the kings blessings LaSalle set out for Mississippi mouth

gt

He set out with 4 ships carrying over 300 colonists

He passed up the delta (Mississippi had split into several different rivers by the time he made it to this point

He didnrsquot realize this until he was off the Texas coast

Out of food and lost all but one ship

Indians then wrecked the last remaining ship

LaSalle then set out by land to find the Mississippi River

A group of followers rebellion on the march and ending up killing LaSalle

AFTER LASALLESrsquo DEATH

bull 1 The French government ordered settlers to stay close together

bull 2 Government later ordered trappers and traders out of the wilderness completely

bull 3The interior the government declared was to remain Indian territory permanently

WHY SHOULD FRENCH CONTROL THE MISSISSIPPI

bull 1 It would be a base of attack against the Spanish-controlled Mexico

bull 2 It would function as a trading post for furs

and minerals from the interior bull 3 It would keep England from taking control

of the Mississippi River

The French king approved a settlement on the lower Mississippi

bull Jean Baptiste de Bienville was in charge of a fort at Biloxi

34 WHAT 2 ACCESS POINTS DID FRANCE CONTROL IN THE 1700s

bull The St Lawrence River controlled by Quebec and Montreal

bull The mouth of the Mississippi controlled by

New Orleans

PART TWO

FRANCE AND ENGLAND

STARTED FIGHTING

FRANCE AND ENGLAND

STARTED FIGHTING

CAUGHT IN THE MIDDLE BETWEEN ENGLAND AND FRANCE

bullTHE MOWHAWK

INDIANS

WHAT WERE ENGLAND AND SPAIN FIGHTING OVER

bull Control of the eastern port of North America and the Indian Fur Trade

WHO SUPPORTED ENGLAND

bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora

WHO SIDED WITH THE FRENCH

bull1 Algonquinbull2 Huron

WHAT TRIBES MADE UP THE LEAGUE OF NATIONS

bull 1 Cayugabull 2 Mohawkbull 3 Oneida bull 4 Onondagabull 5 Senecabull 6 Tuscarora

WHY was the League of Iroquois Indians so powerful

bull The controlled the only fairly easy passage between New England and the St Lawrence Valley

TROUBLE WITH THE INDIANS

bull Iroquois expansion threatened the French fur trade

OHHHHHH NO SOMETHING VERY BAD happened in

1640bull All the beaver in the Hudson

Valley had been trapped

HERE COMES TROUBLE

bull In 1687 France began to wage war on the League

WARbull The conflict broadened in 1689 when France

and England went to war in the first of their struggles for World Empire

VS

KING WILLIAMS WARbull 1689-1697bull Also known as War of the League

of Augsburg In Europebull English and the Iroquois allies

fought against the French and Algonquin Indians

bull Fought in northern frontier of English colonies and modern day Canada region

bull No new territory was gainedbull Treaty of Ryswick ended this war

QUEEN ANNErsquoS WARbull 1702-1713bull Also known as the War of the

Spanish Successionbull French and British fightingbull NYC remained neutral (Indians

refused to join sides)bull Major part of this war was

England trying to capture Quebec (failed)

bull Peace of Utrecht ended this warbull England gain A LOT Of new

territory from this war(Newfoundland Acadia Hudson

Bay Gibraltar)

KING GEORGErsquoS WARbull 1744-1748bull Began outside of NA

when Spain tried to stop trade between NA colonies and Britain

bull English captured Louisburg

bull Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ended this war and returned Louisburg to the French

I can define balance of powers

bull Equal levels of strength

I can explain what ONE MAJOR EFFECT of these three wars was

bull To unleash French-sponsored Indian raids on English settlements

TENSION ON THE FRONTIER

Hannah Dustin

They killed her 1 week old daughter Martha and forced her to walk for days until they arrived at an island in the middle of the Merrimack River about 6 miles north of Concord NH

There she met Samuel Lennardson a young English boy who had been there about one year They became friends and plotted to find a way of escape They were soon informed that they were to start traveling again to a distant Indian settlement so they determined to escape before the journey

On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty

On the 31st they got up around midnight and killed the ten Indians and escaped down the river to Hudson NH with their scalps to prove their story and collect a bounty

Hannah Emerson Dustin has a monument erected in the center of Haverhill MA commemorating the extensive ordeal she endured when she was

captured by Indians on March 15 1697

I can explain what HELPED SHIFT THE BALANCE OF POWERS between France

and England in the 1750s

bull The growing population

ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000

FRANCE POPULATION= 80000

0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000

1000000

POPULATION

ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3

I can define land speculators

bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit

ENGLANDS POPULATION = 1000000

FRANCE POPULATION= 80000

0100000200000300000400000500000600000700000800000900000

1000000

POPULATION

ENGLANDFRANCE3-D Column 3

I can define land speculators

bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit

I can define land speculators

bull People who buy and sell in hopes of making a profit

I can explain WHAT AREA of LAND the speculators quickly became interested

in selling and settling to

Ohio Valley

I can explain why FRANCE would be so NERVOUS about English settlers

settling in this area

bull A British presence along the Ohio River could threaten Francersquos claim to the Mississippi Valley

bull Both France and Britain were building forts on the territory of the Six Nations of the Iroquois No one knew what the boundaries of that territory were To discuss relations with the Iroquois the British called a meeting

Ben Franklin represented Pennsylvania at this meeting

Franklin believed the British colonies had to join together for their mutual defense

A snake cut into pieces (colonies) would live again if the pieces were rejoined

JOIN TOGETHER OR DIE

The Iroquoishellip

bull LOVED FRANKLINS JOIN OR DIE PLAN

Albany Plan of Union

1 Each colony to send representatives to a Great Council

2 The head of the Council would be a president-general appointed by the Crown

3 The Council would have the authority to declare war and peace with the Indians

4 It would also have the power to raise armies construct forts levy taxes and found new settlements

Did the colonies accept or reject the Albany Plan of the Union

DENY None of the colonies wanted to give up

power to a central government Nor did they want to pay taxes for a joint defense

SECTION THREE

THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754

SECTION THREE

THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754

THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR BEGINShellip1754

bullIt was a brisk spring morning in April 1754

George Washington was carrying out an order to drive the French from the upper Ohio Valley

bull GEORGE WASHINGTONS MESSAGE ASKED THE FRENCH TO PLEASE OH PLEASE DEPART PEACEFULLY PLEASE LEAVE WITHOUT MAKING A FUSS

THE FRENCH REFUSED TO LEAVE PEACEFULLY

THE ENGLISH WANTED TO REMOVE THE FRENCH FROM THE OHIO VALLEY (YELLOW PORTION ON THE MAP )

Washington had sent an advance party ahead to build a fort at the

Forks of the Ohio River

ALLEGANYRIVERMONAGALAHELA

RIVER

OHIO RIVER

bull Washington was warned that one of the commanding officers had seen an armada of 350 canoes and other boats containing 1000 Frenchmen

Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal

>

Washington and his men were forced to withdrawal

>

FRENCH TOOK OVER THIS FORT AND CALLED IT Fort Duquesne

SoWASHINGTON flees and his men widen the trial into a road for carts carrying supplies and artillery

They built a camp in a marshy valley where two streams joined

They ringed the fort with a stockade of logs

They called it Fort Necessity

Early on July morning French soldiers advanced on Fort

Necessity

FRENCH HID BEHIND TREES AND STARTED FIRING SHOTS AT THE

BRITISH FORT NECESSITY

Washington and his men were without shelter It seemed like an

unfair fight Washington was once again forced to retreat

THIS BATTLE AT FORT NECESSITY WAS THE VERY FIRST BATTLE OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

IT WAS A FRENCH VICTORYAND A BRITISH LOSS

SCORE CHECKFRENCH 1ENGLAND 0

BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH

AND INDIAN WAR IShellip

bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR

1756 --- 1763

ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip

bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA

BY THE WAYhellipANOTHER NAME FOR THE FRENCH

AND INDIAN WAR IShellip

bullTHE SEVEN YEARSrsquo WAR

1756 --- 1763

ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip

bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA

ANDhellipMOST OF THE FIGHTING OCCURRED INhellip

bull EUROPEbull INDIAbull NORTH AMERICA

bull WHO IS GOING TO WIN THIS WAR

4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES

bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America

2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly

4 FRENCH ADVANTAGES

bull 1 France controlled access to the interior of North America

2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly

2 New France had a single colonial government that could act quickly

3 France sent ships and professional soldiers to America rather than depend on military

help from its colonists

4 The French could count on help from such loyal Indian allies as the

Huron and the Algonquin

ENGLISH ADVANTAGES

1 The population of the British colonies was far greater than the population of New France

2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic

coast was much easier to defend

2 The British colonies concentrated along the Atlantic

coast was much easier to defend

3 As permanent settlers English colonists were fighting to save their

homes and land

OH NO HERE COMES MORE TROUBLE FOR ENGLAND

bull IROQUOIS INDIANS DECIDED TO STOP SUPPORTINGHELPING THE ENGLISH COLONISTS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE FRENCH

bull AFTER THE ENGLISH WERE DEFEATED AT FORT NECESSITY THE IROQUOIS PLEDGED THER ALLIGANCE TO FRANCE OUT OF FEAR OF SUPPORTING THE WRONG SIDE

THE ENDhellipFOR NOW

bull OPEN BOOK TO p 162bull OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 65-79bull COMPLETE I CAN STATEMENTS INDEPENDTLY

IF YOU FINISH EARLY PLEASE COME UP TO DESK AND TAKE A BLANK CH 8 MAP TO PRACTICE

bull YOUR MAP TEST IS THIS FRIDAYbull NEATNESS COUNTS bull TALKING IS NOT AN OPTION

PART TWO OF SECTION THREE

OF

In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed

for the Wildernesshellip

PART TWO OF SECTION THREE

OF

In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed

for the Wildernesshellip

In 1755 General Braddock made a second attempt Braddock headed

for the Wildernesshellip

Braddock and his army (wives where with them too) arrived ten miles from

Fort Duquesne They planned on bombarding the fort with their

cannons

The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians

ambushed the Braddockrsquos army

The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target

Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was

killed

The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight

women

WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE

bullFRENCH VICTORY

casualtiesbull The wounded and dead

SCORE CHECK

bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of

Britain in 1757

prime minister

bull Head of government

WILLIAM PITT

bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money

into the war thus making England in debt

bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money

WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH

WHY TAKE QUEBEC

bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec

Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons

protected it

200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos

cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival

Louis Montcalm was the French leader

(James Wolfe was the British general)

Louis Montcalm James Wolfe

Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to

the plateau above

The French (knowing Braddock was waiting) sent out 250 soldiers dressed as Indians With them where 600 real Indians The French and the Indians

ambushed the Braddockrsquos army

The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target

Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was

killed

The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight

women

WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE

bullFRENCH VICTORY

casualtiesbull The wounded and dead

SCORE CHECK

bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of

Britain in 1757

prime minister

bull Head of government

WILLIAM PITT

bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money

into the war thus making England in debt

bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money

WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH

WHY TAKE QUEBEC

bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec

Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons

protected it

200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos

cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival

Louis Montcalm was the French leader

(James Wolfe was the British general)

Louis Montcalm James Wolfe

Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to

the plateau above

The British were wearing bright red uniforms and where an easy target

Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was

killed

The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight

women

WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE

bullFRENCH VICTORY

casualtiesbull The wounded and dead

SCORE CHECK

bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of

Britain in 1757

prime minister

bull Head of government

WILLIAM PITT

bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money

into the war thus making England in debt

bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money

WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH

WHY TAKE QUEBEC

bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec

Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons

protected it

200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos

cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival

Louis Montcalm was the French leader

(James Wolfe was the British general)

Louis Montcalm James Wolfe

Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to

the plateau above

Braddockrsquos army was being shot at but they could not see who their enemy was Braddock had five horses shot out from under him before he was

killed

The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight

women

WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE

bullFRENCH VICTORY

casualtiesbull The wounded and dead

SCORE CHECK

bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of

Britain in 1757

prime minister

bull Head of government

WILLIAM PITT

bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money

into the war thus making England in debt

bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money

WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH

WHY TAKE QUEBEC

bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec

Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons

protected it

200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos

cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival

Louis Montcalm was the French leader

(James Wolfe was the British general)

Louis Montcalm James Wolfe

Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to

the plateau above

The battle lasted for 3 hours The British lost 23 of the British were dead Among the dead where eight

women

WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE

bullFRENCH VICTORY

casualtiesbull The wounded and dead

SCORE CHECK

bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of

Britain in 1757

prime minister

bull Head of government

WILLIAM PITT

bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money

into the war thus making England in debt

bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money

WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH

WHY TAKE QUEBEC

bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec

Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons

protected it

200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos

cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival

Louis Montcalm was the French leader

(James Wolfe was the British general)

Louis Montcalm James Wolfe

Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to

the plateau above

WHO WON THE FIRST BATTLE AT FORT DUQUESNE

bullFRENCH VICTORY

casualtiesbull The wounded and dead

SCORE CHECK

bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of

Britain in 1757

prime minister

bull Head of government

WILLIAM PITT

bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money

into the war thus making England in debt

bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money

WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH

WHY TAKE QUEBEC

bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec

Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons

protected it

200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos

cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival

Louis Montcalm was the French leader

(James Wolfe was the British general)

Louis Montcalm James Wolfe

Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to

the plateau above

casualtiesbull The wounded and dead

SCORE CHECK

bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of

Britain in 1757

prime minister

bull Head of government

WILLIAM PITT

bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money

into the war thus making England in debt

bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money

WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH

WHY TAKE QUEBEC

bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec

Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons

protected it

200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos

cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival

Louis Montcalm was the French leader

(James Wolfe was the British general)

Louis Montcalm James Wolfe

Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to

the plateau above

SCORE CHECK

bull FRENCH APPEAR TO BE WINNING IN THE BEGINNING OF THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of

Britain in 1757

prime minister

bull Head of government

WILLIAM PITT

bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money

into the war thus making England in debt

bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money

WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH

WHY TAKE QUEBEC

bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec

Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons

protected it

200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos

cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival

Louis Montcalm was the French leader

(James Wolfe was the British general)

Louis Montcalm James Wolfe

Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to

the plateau above

William Pitt was appointed Prime Minster and secretary of state of

Britain in 1757

prime minister

bull Head of government

WILLIAM PITT

bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money

into the war thus making England in debt

bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money

WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH

WHY TAKE QUEBEC

bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec

Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons

protected it

200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos

cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival

Louis Montcalm was the French leader

(James Wolfe was the British general)

Louis Montcalm James Wolfe

Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to

the plateau above

prime minister

bull Head of government

WILLIAM PITT

bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money

into the war thus making England in debt

bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money

WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH

WHY TAKE QUEBEC

bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec

Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons

protected it

200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos

cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival

Louis Montcalm was the French leader

(James Wolfe was the British general)

Louis Montcalm James Wolfe

Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to

the plateau above

WILLIAM PITT

bull 1 a bold confident leaderbull 2 He poured vast amount of money

into the war thus making England in debt

bull 3 Pitt also encouraged the colonies to give more troops and money

WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH

WHY TAKE QUEBEC

bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec

Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons

protected it

200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos

cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival

Louis Montcalm was the French leader

(James Wolfe was the British general)

Louis Montcalm James Wolfe

Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to

the plateau above

WHO WONbull LOUISBOURG BRITISHbull FORT DUQUESENE BRITISHbull QUEBEC BRITISH

WHY TAKE QUEBEC

bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec

Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons

protected it

200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos

cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival

Louis Montcalm was the French leader

(James Wolfe was the British general)

Louis Montcalm James Wolfe

Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to

the plateau above

WHY TAKE QUEBEC

bull Quebec was the head and the heart of New France New France would collapse if England was able to take Quebec

Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons

protected it

200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos

cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival

Louis Montcalm was the French leader

(James Wolfe was the British general)

Louis Montcalm James Wolfe

Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to

the plateau above

Quebec sat high on cliffs above the St Lawrence Strong walls and cannons

protected it

200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos

cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival

Louis Montcalm was the French leader

(James Wolfe was the British general)

Louis Montcalm James Wolfe

Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to

the plateau above

200 hundred ships carrying 18000 men arrived at the foot of Quebecrsquos

cliffs 14000 French troops were waiting their arrival

Louis Montcalm was the French leader

(James Wolfe was the British general)

Louis Montcalm James Wolfe

Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to

the plateau above

Louis Montcalm was the French leader

(James Wolfe was the British general)

Louis Montcalm James Wolfe

Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to

the plateau above

Finally a British scout found a hidden path that led up the cliffs to

the plateau above

On a September night more than 4000 British filed one-by-one up the steep passage

The French awoke the next day to find British troops waiting outside

in battle formation

MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED

THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS

THE FRENCH SURRENDERED

MONTCALM AND WOLFE ARE BOTH KILLED

THE BRITISH WERE VICTORIOUS

THE FRENCH SURRENDERED

THE BATTLE OF QUEBEC

bull WAS THE TURNING POINT OF THE WAR

Treaty of Paris of 1763

bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

TREATY OF PARIS 1763

bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans

Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France

during the war)

France gave Spain New Orleans

France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi

SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

THE BRITISH

INDIANS START TO WORRY

HOW COULD THEY

General AMHURST

Treaty of Paris of 1763

bull ENDED THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

TREATY OF PARIS 1763

bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans

Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France

during the war)

France gave Spain New Orleans

France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi

SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

THE BRITISH

INDIANS START TO WORRY

HOW COULD THEY

General AMHURST

TREATY OF PARIS 1763

bull 1Britain gained land east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans

Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France

during the war)

France gave Spain New Orleans

France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi

SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

THE BRITISH

INDIANS START TO WORRY

HOW COULD THEY

General AMHURST

Spain had to give Britain Florida (since Spain sided with France

during the war)

France gave Spain New Orleans

France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi

SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

THE BRITISH

INDIANS START TO WORRY

HOW COULD THEY

General AMHURST

France gave Spain New Orleans

France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi

SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

THE BRITISH

INDIANS START TO WORRY

HOW COULD THEY

General AMHURST

France also gave Spain its claim of Louisiana west of the Mississippi

SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

THE BRITISH

INDIANS START TO WORRY

HOW COULD THEY

General AMHURST

SO WHO WON THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

THE BRITISH

INDIANS START TO WORRY

HOW COULD THEY

General AMHURST

INDIANS START TO WORRY

HOW COULD THEY

General AMHURST

HOW COULD THEY

General AMHURST

PONTIAC (OTTAWA CHIEF TAKES CHARGE)

PONTIAC BRINGS TOGETHERhellip

bull The Shawnee Delaware Chippewa and Ottawa tribes

ONE BY ONEhellip

bullTHE NATIVE AMERICANrsquoS TAKE

DOWN BRITISH FORTS

MEANWHILEhellip

bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT

bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM

bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED

THE ENDhellip

FOR NOWhellip

WHAT DO I DO NOWbull 1 OPEN BOOK TO p 166bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 80-100bull COMPLETE 80-100 bull NEATNESS COUNTSbull If the freedom of speech is taken away then dumb

and silent we may be led like sheep to the slaughter George Washington

bull HUGE POINTS DAY TOMORROW 20 POINTS FOR YOUR HOMEWORK AND 30 FOR STATIONS

MEANWHILEhellip

bull FRENCH SIGN A PEACE TREATY WITH ENGLAND ENDING THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR

bull THE FRENCH NO LONGER AGREE TO SUPPORT PONTIACT

bull PONTIAC CAN NOT BELIEVE THE FRENCH BETRAY HIM

bull PONTIAC WILL LATER BE MURDERED

THE ENDhellip

FOR NOWhellip

WHAT DO I DO NOWbull 1 OPEN BOOK TO p 166bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 80-100bull COMPLETE 80-100 bull NEATNESS COUNTSbull If the freedom of speech is taken away then dumb

and silent we may be led like sheep to the slaughter George Washington

bull HUGE POINTS DAY TOMORROW 20 POINTS FOR YOUR HOMEWORK AND 30 FOR STATIONS

THE ENDhellip

FOR NOWhellip

WHAT DO I DO NOWbull 1 OPEN BOOK TO p 166bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 80-100bull COMPLETE 80-100 bull NEATNESS COUNTSbull If the freedom of speech is taken away then dumb

and silent we may be led like sheep to the slaughter George Washington

bull HUGE POINTS DAY TOMORROW 20 POINTS FOR YOUR HOMEWORK AND 30 FOR STATIONS

WHAT DO I DO NOWbull 1 OPEN BOOK TO p 166bull 2 OPEN BINDER TO I CAN STATEMENTS 80-100bull COMPLETE 80-100 bull NEATNESS COUNTSbull If the freedom of speech is taken away then dumb

and silent we may be led like sheep to the slaughter George Washington

bull HUGE POINTS DAY TOMORROW 20 POINTS FOR YOUR HOMEWORK AND 30 FOR STATIONS