Post on 24-Feb-2016
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Chapter 3: Society and Culture in Provincial America
What is indentured servitude?
Indentured servitude
Young men and women bound (legal obligation) themselves to masters for approximately 4 to 5 years.
Male indentures were to receive benefits at the end of their servitude (clothing, tools, and occasionally land).
Most indentured servants came to American voluntarily, others did not.
In 1617, the English government shipped convicts to America to be sold into servitude.
Indentured servants avoided the southern colonies.
Medicine in the Colonies
High death rates for women
Easy entrance into medical field with no or very little professional training.
Women established themselves as midwives.
Origins of Slavery
Tobacco cultivationLimited supply of African laborers during
17th centuryMiddle PassageUnclear status of black laborers in AmericaIn the 18th century, a clear distinction
between white slaves and black slaves had been established.
English assumptionsSlave codes
Changing Sources of European Immigration
English immigration began to decreaseOther European immigration on the rise:
French, Irish, German, Swiss, Welsh, Scottish, and Scandinavian
Germans
Southern Economy
Tobacco was the base of the economy.
South Carolina and Georgia
Rice was the staple crop
Dependent on African slaves
Indigo in South Carolina
Eliza Lucas
Northern Economy
Soil and ClimateMetal industry in
MassachusettsIron act of 1750Natural resource
industry
Plantation System
First systems emerged in Virginia and Maryland.
Charles Carroll of Maryland17th century colonial plantationsLarger plantations
Plantation Slavery
African slaves living conditions
Africans developed a strong family structure
Family was in jeopardy most of the time
Stono Rebellion
Witchcraft Phenomenon
1680’s-1690’sSalem, MassachusettsSalem witch trialsAdolescent girls
displayed unusual behavior.
Accused witches were middle-aged women, widowed, with few or no children.
“Independent” women challenged the norms of Puritan society.
The Pattern of Religions
o Roger Williamso Anti-Catholicism
o Jews
The Great Awakening
First great American revival1730’s-1740’sBreak from their past and start a new relationship
with godJonathan Edwards
The Enlightenment
Scientific and intellectual discoveries in Europe
Reason vs. faithSeek guidance within themselves17th century European giants: John Locke
and Francis Bacon.Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson,
Thomas Paine, and James Madison