Transcript of Chapter 3 Growth of the American Colonies. English Coming to America... Interests of the English...
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- Chapter 3 Growth of the American Colonies
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- English Coming to America... Interests of the English peaked by
the findings of previous explorers. England wants/needs:England
wants/needs: Wealth- get rich quick scheme Pirates (sea dogs) would
rob Spanish Increase trade- English merchants Religious Freedom
Spread Protestantism
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- Theory of Mercantilism A country should try to get and keep as
much bullion, or gold and silver, as possible. A country should try
to get and keep as much bullion, or gold and silver, as possible.
balance of trade or the difference between imports and exports,
should show more exports than imports. balance of trade or the
difference between imports and exports, should show more exports
than imports.
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- The 13 Original Colonies
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- SALUTARY NEGLECT Britain allowed its colonies more freedom to
govern themselves than other European nations did. Three causes: 1.
England had a long tradition of strong local government and weak
central power. 2. British government lacked the resources to
enforce its wishes. 3. Britain gave the colonies freedom because
the existing economy and politics served the Britains best
interests.
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- EFFECTS OF TRADE LAWS European countries fought over territory
and trade routes. British rulers tightened controls over the
American colonies. King James II tried to take direct control over
New York and New England by creating the Dominion of New England.
Many colonists were loyal to Britain.
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- Effects on War and Politics Navigation Act: tightened British
control over colonial trade Navigation Act: tightened British
control over colonial trade It required the colonies to sell
certain goods only to England It required the colonies to sell
certain goods only to England If colonists wanted to sell goods to
other parts of the world, they had to pay a duty, or tax, on it. If
colonists wanted to sell goods to other parts of the world, they
had to pay a duty, or tax, on it.
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- Southern Colonies The economy was based on staple cropscrops
that are in constant demand. The economy was based on staple
cropscrops that are in constant demand. Staple crops included
tobacco and rice, both grown on large plantations worked by slaves.
Staple crops included tobacco and rice, both grown on large
plantations worked by slaves. In Virginia and Maryland In Virginia
and Maryland Slaves in Virginia and Maryland made up a minority of
the population. Slaves in Virginia and Maryland made up a minority
of the population. Few of those slaves came directly from Africa.
Few of those slaves came directly from Africa. Slaves had other
tasks in addition to growing crops. Slaves had other tasks in
addition to growing crops. There was more integration of European
American and African American cultures than in South Carolina and
Georgia. There was more integration of European American and
African American cultures than in South Carolina and Georgia. To
save money, slave-owners encouraged slaves to have families. To
save money, slave-owners encouraged slaves to have families.
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- Middle Colonies Economy of the Middle Colonies was a mixture of
farming and commerce. Economy of the Middle Colonies was a mixture
of farming and commerce. Rich, fertile soil produced wheat, barley,
and rye. Rich, fertile soil produced wheat, barley, and rye. New
York and Philadelphia supported the business of merchants, traders,
and craftspeople. New York and Philadelphia supported the business
of merchants, traders, and craftspeople.
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- New England Colonies New England economy relied on carrying
trade. Merchants carried crops and goods from one place to another.
New England economy relied on carrying trade. Merchants carried
crops and goods from one place to another. There were far fewer
slaves in New England and the Middle Colonies than in the South.
There were far fewer slaves in New England and the Middle Colonies
than in the South. Slaves had more freedom to choose their
occupations. Slaves had more freedom to choose their occupations.
Slaves in this region typically worked as cooks, housekeepers, and
personal servants. They also worked as skilled artisans,
dockworkers, merchant sailors, fishermen, whalers, privateers,
lumberjacks, and in manufacturing. Slaves in this region typically
worked as cooks, housekeepers, and personal servants. They also
worked as skilled artisans, dockworkers, merchant sailors,
fishermen, whalers, privateers, lumberjacks, and in
manufacturing.
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- Section 2: Life in Colonial America Different types of jobs in
the Colonies Different types of jobs in the ColoniesArtisans: Young
boys became apprentices, individuals placed under a legal contract
to work for another person in exchange for learning a trade. Young
boys became apprentices, individuals placed under a legal contract
to work for another person in exchange for learning a trade.
Artisans made silver products, cabinets, tin- ware, pottery, and
glassware. Artisans made silver products, cabinets, tin- ware,
pottery, and glassware.
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- Different types of jobs in the Colonies Printers: Colonial
printers were considered vital because they gathered and circulated
local news and information. Colonial printers were considered vital
because they gathered and circulated local news and information.
Benjamin Franklin, one of Americas most famous printers, published
Poor Richards Almanac. Benjamin Franklin, one of Americas most
famous printers, published Poor Richards Almanac. An almanac is a
book containing information such as calendars, weather predictions,
and advice. An almanac is a book containing information such as
calendars, weather predictions, and advice.
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- Different types of jobs in the Colonies Farmers: Farms in the
colonies varied in size from large cash-crop plantations in the
South Farms in the colonies varied in size from large cash-crop
plantations in the South Small and self-supporting farms in the
Middle and New England Colonies Small and self-supporting farms in
the Middle and New England Colonies
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- Different types of jobs in the Colonies Fishermen: Fish was
dried, salted, and shipped out from harbor cities. Fish was dried,
salted, and shipped out from harbor cities. Fishing became a strong
industry and promoted the growth of shipbuilding. Fishing became a
strong industry and promoted the growth of shipbuilding. Indentured
Servants: Many immigrants came to the colonies as indentured
servants Many immigrants came to the colonies as indentured
servants Immigrants had their way to Americas paid for in return
they worked as a servant in the familys home that paid their way.
(usually 6-10 years) Immigrants had their way to Americas paid for
in return they worked as a servant in the familys home that paid
their way. (usually 6-10 years)
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- Triangle Trade The Middle Passage was one leg of the triangular
trade also known as the forced transport of slaves from Africa to
the Americas. The Middle Passage was one leg of the triangular
trade also known as the forced transport of slaves from Africa to
the Americas. Roughly 10 to 40 percent of Africans on slave trips
died in the crossing. Slaves were beaten and had to endure chains;
heat; and cramped, unsanitary conditions. Roughly 10 to 40 percent
of Africans on slave trips died in the crossing. Slaves were beaten
and had to endure chains; heat; and cramped, unsanitary conditions.
Occasionally enslaved Africans staged a mutiny, or revolt, on the
slave ships. Many of these were successful. Occasionally enslaved
Africans staged a mutiny, or revolt, on the slave ships. Many of
these were successful.
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- Triangle Trade
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- Slaves in the Colonies South Carolina and Georgia High
temperatures and disease made slave conditions especially harsh in
this region. High temperatures and disease made slave conditions
especially harsh in this region. Slaves made up the majority of the
population in South Carolina and more than one third of Georgias
population. Slaves made up the majority of the population in South
Carolina and more than one third of Georgias population. Southern
slaves kept their culture alive through their speech, crafts, and
music. Southern slaves kept their culture alive through their
speech, crafts, and music.
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- Slave Laws Slaves that earned money as artisans or laborers had
the possibility of saving enough to purchase their freedom Slaves
that earned money as artisans or laborers had the possibility of
saving enough to purchase their freedom Free African Americans did
the same kind of work as enslaved African Americans, but were often
worse off economically and socially Free African Americans did the
same kind of work as enslaved African Americans, but were often
worse off economically and socially Free blacks had poor living
conditions Free blacks had poor living conditions Free blacks could
not vote, testify in court, or marry whites. Free blacks could not
vote, testify in court, or marry whites.
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- Revolts Stono Rebellion, several dozen slaves in South Carolina
killed more than 20 whites. Stono Rebellion, several dozen slaves
in South Carolina killed more than 20 whites. The rebels were
captured and killed. The rebels were captured and killed. New York
City had slave rebellions in 1708, 1712, and 1741. New York City
had slave rebellions in 1708, 1712, and 1741. After the 1741
revolt, 13 African Americans were burned alive as punishment. After
the 1741 revolt, 13 African Americans were burned alive as
punishment. African Americans undertook almost 50 documented
revolts between 1740 and 1800. African Americans undertook almost
50 documented revolts between 1740 and 1800.
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- George Washingtons Home
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- Independence Hall
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- Another View of Independence Hall
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- Inside Independence Hall
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- Liberty Bell