Chapter 3by June Kaminski

Computer Science and the Foundation of Knowledge Model

Chapter Objectives• Describe the essential components of

computer systems including hardware and software.

• Appreciate the rapid evolution of computer systems and the benefit of keeping up to date with current trends and developments.

Objectives, cont.

• Analyze how computer systems function as tools for managing information and generating knowledge.

• Define the concept of human – technology interfaces.

• Articulate how computers can support collaboration and information exchange.

Key Terms Defined

• Acquisition• Application• Arithmetic Logic Unit • Binary System• BIOS

Key Terms Defined

• Bit• Bus • Byte• Cache Memory • CD-R

Key Terms Defined

• CD-RW • Central Processing Unit• Communication Software • Compatibility • Computer

Key Terms Defined• Computer Science• Conferencing Software• Creativity Software• Database• Degradation

Key Terms Defined

• Desktop• Digital Video Disc • Dissemination• DVD-R • DVD-RW

Key Terms Defined

• Dynamic random access memory• Electrically Erasable Programmable Read

Only Memory• Email • Email Client • Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory

Key Terms Defined

• Execute • Extensibility • Fire Wire• Firmware • Flash Memory

Key Terms Defined

• Gigabyte • Gigahertz• Graphical User Interface • Graphics Card • Hard Disk

Key Terms Defined

• Hardware• Information • Information Age• Input/Output System• Instant Messaging

Key Terms Defined

• Integrated Drive Electronics• Internet Browser • Keyboard• Knowledge • Laptop

Key Terms Defined

• Mainframe • Main Memory • Megabytes • Megahertz • Memory

Key Terms Defined

• Microprocessor• Modem• Monitor• Motherboard• Mouse

Key Terms Defined

• MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3 • Non-synchronous • Office Suite • Open Source Software • Operating System

Key Terms Defined

• Palmtop or Palm Computer • Parallel Port• Peripheral Component Interconnection• Personal Computer • Personal Digital Assistant

Key Terms Defined

• Plug and Play • Port • Portability• Portable Operating System Interface for UNIX• Presentation

Key Terms Defined

• Processing• Productivity Software• Professional Development• Programmable Read Only Memory• Publishing

Key Terms Defined

• QWERTY• Random Access Memory• Read Only Memory• Security• Serial Port

Key Terms Defined• Small Computer System Interface• Software• Sound Card• Spreadsheet • Supercomputer

Key Terms Defined

• Synchronous• Synchronous Dynamic Random Access

Memory• Technology• Throughput• Touch screen• Universal Serial Bus (USB) • User Friendly

Key Terms Defined• User Interface • Video Adapter Card • Virtual Memory• Web-Based• Wisdom

Key Terms Defined

• Word Processing • World Wide Web

The Computer As A Tool• The advent of the computer • Computer technology • What is a computer? • When was the first electronic computer used?

The Computer As A Tool• Computers as universal machines• What can computers be used for?

Components • Hardware • Outer Protection • Laptop computers • Palm computers or Personal Digital Assistants

Components• Central Processing Unit • Common CPUs • What is a CPU? • Inner components

Components

• The speed and power of a CPU• Gigahertz measurement• What makes a computer program operate

faster? • The use of multi-core microprocessors

Components

• Multiple microprocessors • Mainframes• Motherboard • The essential structures of the motherboard

Components

• Power Supply • Hard Disk• What does the hard disk do? • Main Memory or RAM

Components• When is RAM memory lost? • What is the Main Memory?• ROM • BIOS Input/Output System

Components

• Virtual Memory • Integrated Drive Electronics Controller • Peripheral Component Interconnection Bus• SCSI or Small Computer System Interface

Components

• DVD/CD Drive • Digital Video Disc • Floppy drive • Flash Drive

Components

• Modem • Connection Ports • Parallel • Serial

Components

• Universal Serial Bus • FireWire • Graphics Card • Video Adapter Cards

Components

• Sound Card • Bit • Byte • Software

Components

• The importance of user friendliness • User goals • System goals • Keyboard

Components

• Mouse• Monitor • Printer • Speakers

Relationship of Computer Science to Knowledge

• The effect of computer systems • The understanding of computer science

principles

Human Technology Interface• The Human – Technology Interface

• The Graphical User Interface

Thought Provoking Questions

How can knowledge of computer hardware and software help nurses to participate in information technology adoption decisions in the practice area?

Thought Provoking Questions

How can new computer software help nurses engage in professional development, collaboration, and knowledge dissemination activities at their own pace and leisure?