HUMAN ANATOMYFifth Edition

Chapter 1 Lecture

Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Chapter 11 Lecture

Chapter 11The Muscular System: The Appendicular Musculature

Frederic MartiniMichael Timmons

Robert Tallitsch

Introduction

• Appendicular musculature:– Muscles responsible for stabilizing the

pectoral and pelvic girdles and for moving the upper and lower limbs.

Introduction

• Appendicular muscles account for roughly 40% of the skeletal muscles in the body.

• The two major groups of appendicular muscles are: – The muscles of the pectoral girdle and upper

limbs.– The muscles of the pelvic girdle and lower

limbs.

• The functions and required ranges of motion differ greatly between these groups.

Muscles of the Pectoral Girdle and Upper Limbs

• Muscles associated with the pectoral girdle and upper limbs can be divided into four groups: – Muscles that position the pectoral girdle.– Muscles that move the arm.– Muscles that move the forearm and hand.– Muscles that move the hand and fingers.

Figure 11.1 Muscles That Position the Pectoral Girdle

Muscles That Position the Pectoral Girdle

Figure 11.2 Muscles That Position the Pectoral Girdle

Muscles That Position the Pectoral Girdle

Figure 11.3 Muscles That Position the Pectoral Girdle

Muscles That Position the Pectoral Girdle

Figure 11.4 Superficial and Deep Muscles of the Trunk and Proximal Limbs

Muscles That Position the Pectoral Girdle

PLAY Pectoral Muscles

Muscles That Position the Pectoral Girdle

• Summary of the muscles that move the pectoral girdle

Figure 11.5a Anterior Arm Figure 11.5b Posterior Arm

Muscles That Move the Arm

Figure 11.6b Anterior Forearm Figure 11.7b Posterior Forearm

Muscles That Move the Forearm and Hand

PLAY Arm Muscles

Muscles That Move the Forearm and Hand

• Summary of the muscles of the upper limb

Figure 11.8a Anterior Forearm Figure 11.8d Posterior Forearm

Superficial Muscles That Move the Hand and Fingers

Figure 11.8b Anterior Forearm Figure 11.8e Posterior Forearm

Middle Layer of Muscles That Move the Hand and Fingers

Figure 11.8c Anterior Forearm Figure 11.8f Posterior Forearm

Deep Muscles That Move the Hand and Fingers

PLAY Forearm Muscles

Muscles That Move the Hand and Fingers

• Summary of the muscles located in the forearm

[insert fig 11.9a[insert fig 11.9d

Figure 11.9a Posterior Right Hand Figure 11.9d Anterior Right hand

Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand

Muscles of the Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limbs

• The muscles of the lower limbs are larger and more powerful than those of the upper limbs.

• These muscles can be divided into three groups: – Muscles that move the thigh.– Muscles that move the leg.– Muscles that move the foot and toes.

Figure 11.10a Deep Posterior Hip Figure 11.10c Gluteal Muscles

Muscles That Move the Thigh: Lateral Rotators and Extensors

Figure 11.11a Deep Anterior Hip

Muscles That Move the Thigh: Adductors and Flexors

PLAY Hip Muscles

Adductors and Flexors of the Thigh

• Summary of the muscles acting on the hip

Figure 11.12b Anterior Thigh Muscles Figure 11.13a Lateral Thigh

Muscles That Move the Leg: Extensors

Figure 11.13b Medial Thigh Muscles Figure 11.14a Posterior Thigh

Muscles That Move the Leg: Flexors

PLAY Thigh Muscles

Muscles That Move the Leg

• Summary of the muscles acting on the knee

Figure 11.15a Superficial Sura Figure 11.15c Deep Sura

Muscles That Move the Foot and Toes

Figure 11.16a Medial Leg Figure 11.16b Lateral Leg

Muscles That Move the Foot and Toes

Figure 11.17a Anterior Leg

Muscles That Move the Foot and Toes

Figure 11.17 Anterior Leg

Muscles That Move the Foot and Toes

PLAY Leg Muscles

Muscles That Move the Foot and Toes

• Summary of the muscles in the leg

Figure 11.18a Dorsal Foot

Intrinsic Muscles of the Foot

Figure 11.18c Sectional Foot Figure 11.18d Superficial Plantar View

Intrinsic Muscles of the Foot

Figure 11.18e Deep Foot Figure 11.18f Superficial Plantar View

Intrinsic Muscles of the Foot

Fascia, Muscle Layers, and Compartments

• Dense connective tissue layers provide a structural framework for the soft tissues of the body.

• The connective tissue fibers of the deep fasciae support and interconnect adjacent skeletal muscles but permit independent movement.

• The deep fascia extends between the bones and the superficial fascia and separates the soft tissues of the limb into separate compartments.

Figure 11.19a,b,d,e Musculoskeletal Compartments of the Upper Limb

Compartments of the Upper Limb

Figure 11.19c,f Musculoskeletal Compartments of the Upper Limb

Compartments of the Upper Limb

Figure 11.20a-d Musculoskeletal Compartments of the Lower Limb

Compartments of the Lower Limb

Figure 11.20e Musculoskeletal Compartments of the Lower Limb

Compartments of the Lower Limb