Chapter 1The Nature of Science

Section 1: Science and Scientists

Vocabulary

● scienceo knowledge gained about the natural world by

investigation● hypothesis

o a testable idea or explanation that leads to scientific investigation

Start with a Question

● Asking is the 1st step to gathering information

● places to look = o your neighborhoodo the environmento space

Investigation

● scientific progress is only made by asking meaning questions and conducting experiments

● Research = be sure to use reliable sources

Investigation

● observation = looking ato be precise

same time / same location● experimentation

o starts with hypothesis● experimentation relies on

observation, and observation relies on research

Applying the Answer

● science saves lives o better/safer technology

● science saves resourceso more efficient processes

● science protects the environment

Scientists Everywhere

● Meteorologisto weather

● Ecologisto behavior of living things

Section 2: Scientific Methods

Vocabulary

● scientific methodso the ways in which scientists answer questions and

solve problems● observation

o use of the senses to gather information

Vocabulary

● hypothesiso testable idea

● datao information acquired through observation or

experimentation

Scientific methods

● 6 basic steps o ask a questiono form a hypothesiso test the hypothesiso analyze the resultso draw a conclusiono communicate results

Asking a Questions

● look around your world● observation time

o use appropriate tools !o observe at multiple times during an

investigation

Form a Hypothesis

● Gotta be testable● make a prediction before the test

Test the hypothesis

● controlled experimento control group vs experimental group

control group ● factors (variables) are kept the same● those factors called → controlled parameters

experimental group● only one factor changes

o variable parameter

Analyze the Results

● collect data● organize into tables/graphs● compare from REPEATED tests● data must be reproducible

Draw Conclusions

● do the results support the hypothesiso if yes, can you reproduceo if no, ask new questions

Communicate Results

● gotta let others knowo write a papero publish on a websiteo send to a newspaper

Section 3: Safety in Science

Vocabulary

● first aido medical treatment for someone who has been hurt

or sick

Keeping Yourself Safe

● Avoid Accidentso be aware o pay attention

● Report Accidentso Accidents are bound to happen

Elements of Safety

● Understand Safety Symbols● Follow the safety symbols● Follow directions● Be Neat● Use Safety Equipment● Clean up

Responding to Accidents

● know where the safety/clean up equipment is located

● tell your teacher● don’t touch dangerous stuff

o broken glasso spilt chemicals