Changes of energy structure in Germany

Mr. Wolfgang Bühring, Director Stadtwerke Speyer GmbHSmart Community Summit Tokyo, June 13th 2018

Contents

• Introduction of German electricity Market and “Energiewende”

• City of Speyer and Stadtwerke Speyer GmbH• Two examples for structural change induced by

“Energiewende”• Nedo Smart Community Project• Stadtwerke-model an example for integrated energy

solutions

- 2 -

Overview on German electricity market• Liberalization of German electricity

market in 1998• 516 TWh; 208 GW• 760 electricity producers (>10MW

without small renewable plant operators)• 259 participants on EEX (German

electricity exchange)• 4 big TSO`s • 884 DSO`s• More than 1,200 Retailers of electric

energy

ww

w.en

et.e

u/po

rtfol

io/a

naly

sen/

karte

n

Generation Trading Transport Distribution RetailGeneration Distribution Retail

- 3 -

“Energiewende” targets

• 2020: 40% less greenhouse gases compared to 1990

• 2022: Switch off of last nuclear power plant

• 2025: 40-45% renewable electricity• 2030: 65% renewable electricity

• 2050: 50% less primary energy consumption compared to 2008

- 4 -

The city of Speyer

• Urban municipality in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate

• 42.6 km²• ≈ 50,000 citizens

- 5 -

Speyer's 100% renewable targets

2008: Climate and energy guideline passed at the city council2010: 100% renewable target decided. Timeline: 2030 100% renewable

electricity and 2040 100% renewable heat(German federal Government: 65% renewable electricity in 2030)

- 6 -

Stadtwerke Speyer GmbH

Integrated public utility company100% owned by City of Speyer

- 7 -

Offshore wind and few large-scale power plants

Transformation only if no consumption or storage

Large-scale power plants

“Energiewende” the game changerfuturebefore

End-consumer

EHV

HV

MV

LV

Prosumer*

LV

MV

HV

EHV

transport to the end-customer

Producer CustomerProsumer

+*

Ener

giew

ende

Decentralized Prosumers

- 8 -

Two examples of structural change

- 9 -

Expansion of transmission system

Geographical imbalance of

renewables and load

Decarbonisation and nuclear shutdown

North

South

- 10 -

Geographical imbalances of renewables and load

https://1-stromvergleich.com/strom-report/ https://www.umweltbundesamt.de

- 11 -

Nuclear shutdown and decided grid expansion projects ht

tps:

//ww

w.bu

ndes

netz

agen

tur.d

e

- 12 -

Two examples of structural change

- 13 -

- 14 -

Evolution of the PV prosumer

Before grid parity:• Consumers and

Producers• ROI of producer

based on FIT

After gird parity of PV:• Self consumption

of PV electricity• 1st stage prosumer

After gird parity of PV incl. storage:• Maximisation of PV

self consumption with storage systems

• 2nd stage prosumer

- 15 -

Example 2nd stage prosumer

5.41 kWp

4.8 kWh

4,052 kWh/a

Screens from SMA SUNNY PORTAL Evening May 22nd 2018

Investment 15.700 EUR(2,051,500 JPY)

Photo: Timo Amberger

- 16 -

Example 2nd stage prosumer energy balance

Still 2,549 kWh/y excess electricity (feed-in) Integrated energy solutions (“Sektorkopplung”) necessaryE.g. Adding heating and e-mobility applications (Evolution to stage X Prosumer on the LV-Layer)

Autarky57%

From grid43% Self-

consumption48%

Feed-in

52%

Consumption Production

Screens from SMA SUNNY PORTAL May 22nd 2018

- 17 -

Speyer Project

• May 2014: LOI• July 2015: MOU• May 2016: Opening

Ceremony• March 2018: Asset

transfer to SWS

- 18 -

Two Project sites

Type A Type B

HEMS HEMS

- 19 -

Impressions of installation

Type A Type B

- 20 -

Summary of results

• Very heterogeneous pattern of consumption

• Self consumption 49 – 100% (25 – 62% improvement by usage of HEMS, heat pump and battery)

• 50 – 73% autarky. In Type B 100% autarky from April to September!

• Further development to improve economic feasibility (e.g. VPP, battery sharing, P2P direct selling, EV adding)

- 21 -

GreenPowerGrid

Green balancing group

Green electricitycustomers

2nd stage prosumer 1st stageprosumer

Consumer

DataMetering DataSchedule Control signal

Green residualcurrent procurement /excess current sale

- 22 -

Example: „Mieterstom“ the Stadtwerke model

Standard constellation of apartment buildingAll consumed electricity from Grid and free choice of supplier

- 23 -

Apartment Building with PVAll consumed electricity from Grid and free choice of supplierAll PV energy fed into grid. Payback for PV operator by feed in tariff

Example: „Mieterstom“ the Stadtwerke model

- 24 -

Apartment Building with PV and Stadtwerke model PV energy delivered to apartments, only surplus fed to gridParticipants purchase PV-grid electricity mix from PV operatorFree choice enables non-participants to purchase electricity from another supplier from grid

Example: „Mieterstom“ the Stadtwerke model

- 25 -

Regulation determinesthe framework

New Business models need a friendly environmentFunding for “Mieterstrom” in EEG since July 25th 2017First Time that government named “Stadtwerke” explicit in coalition agreement from February 2018• improve the framework for the interconnection between heat,

mobility and electricity in connection with storage technologies• Due to the locality Stadtwerke and DSO`s have a key role in

“Sektorkopplung”

Photo: Sandro Halank, Wikimedia Commons licence: CrativeCommons BY-SA 3.0 Original file: here

- 26 -

Speyer Smart Community Project an example for “Sektorkopplung”

PV and Wind Grid Electrolysis Methanation Natural gas grid

Hydrogen fuel cell carPump-

and air pressure storage

Power to heat Household, commerce and industry

Steam power plants and CHP

E-mobility

Vehicle to grid Natural gas car

Battery storage

ElectricityHydrogenSynthetic natural gasHeat supplyCO2

Pict

ure:

BW

E Bu

ndes

verb

and

Win

dEne

rgie

Orig

inal

file

: her

e

- 27 -

DESIGNETZ Examples of integrated energy solutions Power-to-gas plant of Mainzer

Stadtwerke• Worlds largest PEM Power-to-Gas

site (6 MW)• Management of grid bottlenecks• Supply ancillary services

John Deere project SESAM-FarmSustainable Energy Supply for

Agricultural Machinery• Energy autonomous farm (on balance

sheet)• Novel flexible Storage and option for

flexibility• Optimization by energy management

system

Additional information https://www.designetz.de/https://www.sinteg.de/

- 28 -

Thank youWolfgang Bühring

Stadtwerke Speyer GmbHGeorg-Peter-Süß-Str. 267346 Speyer, Germanybuehring@sws.speyer.de

+49 6232 625 1200

- 29 -