Ch 7-1 & 7-2: Life is Cellular

Ch 7-1 & 7-2: Life is Cellular

Notes #8Notes #8

What is the Cell Theory?What is the Cell Theory?

1. Cells are the basic unit of life. 2. All cells come from pre-existing cells.

1. Cells are the basic unit of life. 2. All cells come from pre-existing cells.

3. All organisms are made of cells.

Common Cell StructuresCommon Cell Structures

Cell Membrane

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

1.

2.

3.

Common Cell StructuresCommon Cell Structures

1. Cell Membrane: Thin flexible barrier that surrounds a cell.

2. Nucleus: Present in some cells that contains DNA and controls cell activity.

3. Cytoplasm: Gel-like material within the cell, that keeps cell parts in place

1. Cell Membrane: Thin flexible barrier that surrounds a cell.

2. Nucleus: Present in some cells that contains DNA and controls cell activity.

3. Cytoplasm: Gel-like material within the cell, that keeps cell parts in place

General Cell TypesGeneral Cell Types• 2 Types1) Prokaryotes: Organisms that… -are single celled -do NOT contain membrane-

bound cell parts -do NOT have a nucleusEx. Bacteria

• 2 Types1) Prokaryotes: Organisms that… -are single celled -do NOT contain membrane-

bound cell parts -do NOT have a nucleusEx. Bacteria

2) Eukaryotes: Organisms that -have a nucleus -have membrane-bound cell partsEx. Plant and Animal Cells

2) Eukaryotes: Organisms that -have a nucleus -have membrane-bound cell partsEx. Plant and Animal Cells

Human Cheek Cells

Onion Cell

Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic CellsProkaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells

DNACell Wall

Cell MembraneRibosome

Flagellum

Prokaryotic Cell

Eukaryotic CellEukaryotic Cell

Prokaryotic CellProkaryotic Cell Eukaryotic CellEukaryotic Cell

What makes eukaryotic cells special?What makes eukaryotic cells special?• Unlike prokaryotic cells, all

eukaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus, and specialized internal cell structures called organelles.

• Unlike prokaryotic cells, all eukaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus, and specialized internal cell structures called organelles.

Common Structures in All Eukaryotic CellsCommon Structures in All Eukaryotic Cells• Nucleus: Contains DNA and controls the

cell’s activities -Chromatin: Tightly coiled strands of

DNA & protein found within the nucleus.• Nucleolus: Dense small region found

within the nucleus that makes ribosomes

• Nuclear Envelope: Controls what materials go in and out of the nucleus.

• Nucleus: Contains DNA and controls the cell’s activities

-Chromatin: Tightly coiled strands of DNA & protein found within the nucleus.

• Nucleolus: Dense small region found within the nucleus that makes ribosomes

• Nuclear Envelope: Controls what materials go in and out of the nucleus.

NucleusNucleus

Ribosomes (Free)Ribosomes (Free)• Makes protein for the cell to use• Makes protein for the cell to use

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)• Internal transport system of the cell- Rough ER: has ribosomes attached

& makes proteins to be exported out

of cell.- Smooth ER: no ribosome

attachment & makes lipids

• Internal transport system of the cell- Rough ER: has ribosomes attached

& makes proteins to be exported out

of cell.- Smooth ER: no ribosome

attachment & makes lipids

Endoplasmic ReticulumEndoplasmic Reticulum

Golgi ApparatusGolgi Apparatus• Pancake-like stacks that modifies

and packages proteins to be exported out of cell.

• Pancake-like stacks that modifies and packages proteins to be exported out of cell.

MitochondriaMitochondria• Makes cell energy (ATP) from food

(glucose) through cell respiration.• Makes cell energy (ATP) from food

(glucose) through cell respiration.

CytoskeletonCytoskeleton

• Helps support the cell and gives it shape

• Helps support the cell and gives it shape

Cytoskeleton

Found in Animal Cells OnlyFound in Animal Cells Only• Centrioles: Help cells reproduce• Centrioles: Help cells reproduce

Centrioles

Found in Animal Cells OnlyFound in Animal Cells Only• Lysosomes: Breaks down food,

wastes, and used organelles with digestive enzymes

• Lysosomes: Breaks down food, wastes, and used organelles with digestive enzymes

Digestive Enzymes

Found in Plant Cells OnlyFound in Plant Cells Only

• Cell Wall: Surrounds and protects the cell membrane.

• Cell Wall: Surrounds and protects the cell membrane.

Cell MembraneCell Wall

Found in Plants OnlyFound in Plants Only• Chloroplasts: Converts sunlight

energy into glucose by photosynthesis.

• Central Vacuole: Stores water, food, and waste for the plant cell

• Chloroplasts: Converts sunlight energy into glucose by photosynthesis.

• Central Vacuole: Stores water, food, and waste for the plant cell

• Two types of eukaryotic cells we have studied include animal & plant cell

• Two types of eukaryotic cells we have studied include animal & plant cell

Animal Cell Plant Cell

ClassworkClasswork

1) Workbook Section 7-1 & 7-2 (1-34)• ANSWERS ONLY (Stamped)2) Section AssessmentWrite out QUESTIONS & ANSWERS(7-1); #1-5 p. 172(7-2); #1-6 p 183

1) Workbook Section 7-1 & 7-2 (1-34)• ANSWERS ONLY (Stamped)2) Section AssessmentWrite out QUESTIONS & ANSWERS(7-1); #1-5 p. 172(7-2); #1-6 p 183

Double Bubble Thinking MapDouble Bubble Thinking MapCopy the following words on your paper

Then complete the Double Bubble Thinking Map

• Cell Membrane• Prokaryotic Cells• Cytoplasm• Contains membrane bound-

Organelles• Eukaryotic Cells• Contains a Nucleus• Contains DNA• Ex. Bacteria• Ex. Plant & Animal Cell

• Cell Membrane• Prokaryotic Cells• Cytoplasm• Contains membrane bound-

Organelles• Eukaryotic Cells• Contains a Nucleus• Contains DNA• Ex. Bacteria• Ex. Plant & Animal Cell

Double Bubble Thinking MapDouble Bubble Thinking MapYellow Bubbles: Things in Common; Grey: Unique to Cell

Double Bubble Thinking MapDouble Bubble Thinking MapYellow Bubbles: Things in Common; Grey: Unique to Cell

Prokaroytic Cells

EukaroyticCells