CH 23

The French Revolution

AKS

43a - identify the causes and results of the revolutions in England (1689), United States (1776), France (1789), Haiti (1791), and Latin America (1808-1825)

43b - explain Napoleon’s rise to power, the role of geography and climate in his defeat, and the consequences of France’s defeat for Europe (Congress of Vienna)

EQ

What were the causes/effects of the French Revolution?

Who was Napoleon Bonaparte and what is his legacy?

Describe the progression of an illness like the flu.

Describe specific traits that these stages could share with other illnesses?

What differences are there between the beginning, theheight of the flu, and the end?

Convalescence

Crisis Stage

Symptomatic Stage

Incubation Stage

FEVER MODEL OF REVOLUTION

Much like an illness, revolutions can also be studied in stages

Convalescence

Crisis Stage

Symptomatic Stage

Incubation Stage

This stage in an illness is when the cause of the sickness first comesinto contact with the individual, infecting them, but not yet causingany symptoms to present themselves.

What would this stage be like in a revolution?

In a revolution, this stage would involve the political, social, intellectual,or economic causes. In some cases, these causes could fester formany years before showing themselves in the form of actualrevolutionary action.

This stage in an illness is when sickness starts to affect the personin observable ways. Temperature may rise. A cough might presentitself. The individual might become weak and queasy.

What would this stage be like in a revolution?

Convalescence

Crisis Stage

Symptomatic Stage

Incubation Stage

In a revolution, this stage would be the first to involve directaction resulting from the social, political, intellectual, or economiccauses of the incubation stage. This stage might involve the publicationof works calling for a change, street level riots by the common people,or more direct attempts at changing the society.

Crisis Stage

Convalescence

Symptomatic Stage

Incubation Stage

In a revolution, this stage would be the make or break part of thestruggle. It may involve conflict where sides for and againstthe revolution compete. This competition could take the form of debate or full-scale war. Successful revolutions survive this stage.Those that do not are usually considered failed rebellions.

This is the critical stage in an illness where two things can happen.The individual either breaks the fever after a heightened stageof illness or the individual gets progressively worse and does not recover.

What would this stagebe like in a revolution?

Convalescence

Crisis Stage

Symptomatic Stage

Incubation Stage

This stage involves recovering from the illness. The individual mightbe weakened from the experience, but he or she will eventually emerge healthy and with new knowledge and experience that mightprevent the illness from occurring again.

What would this stage be like in a revolution?

In a revolution, this stage would involve recovering from the extremedisruptions of the crisis stage. In general, the political, social, intellectual, or economic causes of the revolution must be addressed insome way, though not necessarily to the satisfaction of allrevolutionaries.

http://www.brainpop.com/socialstudies/worldhistory/frenchrevolution/

Overview of Revolution

First estate Third Estate

Clergy of the Roman Catholic Church

Owned 10% of the land

Opposed Enlightenment ideas

Paid 2% of taxes

97% populationPaid most of

the taxesPeasants,

urban workers, and middle class

Bourgeoisie Embraced enlightenment ideas

The Estates of the Old Regime

Second estate

Rich noblesOwned 20%

of the landOpposed

Enlightenment ideas

Paid almost no taxes

In one minute, write down how you will remember the three estates…

What do these two graphs say together about the Estates?

The Events

To come up with money, Louis XVI decided to raise

taxes on the nobles (2nd

Estate)

They forced Louis to call a meeting of the Estates General

The Third Estate, fearing they would be pushed around

by the other two estates, called a

National Assembly

Causes

Enlightenment ideasHeavy taxesHigh cost of breadDebtWeak Leadership

Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette Marie was a Hapsburg (ruling family in Austria)

What was Louis’ response to all of this?

The Storming of the Bastille -start of the Revolution!!!

National Assembly Reforms (p. 656-7)

Feudalism deadDeclaration of the Rights of Man and of the

Citizen “men are born and remain free and equal in rights”

“Life, Equality, and Fraternity.”Louie tries to flee but is apprehendedA limited monarchy

Results

War – Austria and Prussia (England, Holland, and Spain join later)

Factions Jacobins – wanted death for all in support of King

Louis and Marie Antoinette are executedhttp://www.classzone.com/cz/books/wh_survey05/secured/resources/applications/ebook/swf/animations/whs05_023_659.html

The Reign of Terror

Jacobin leader, Robespierre, gains power of National Assembly

40,000 people may have been beheadedRobespierre is eventually overthrown and

executed The Directory takes over

They place Napoleon Bonaparte in control of France’s armies

http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=2B0E1A78-479F-45C5-846F-F6F6B05A75D3&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US

Napoleon Boneparte

Intro

http://www.brainpop.com/socialstudies/famoushistoricalfigures/napoleonbonaparte/

Review

Who were the three people we discussed yesterday that were executed by guillotine?

Who was in charge of the Reign of Terror?Who was in charge of France after

Robespierre was executed?Was France still at war?

Napoleon Bonaparte

1799 – Napoleon seized power by force in an action known as a coup d'état

Napoleonic Code

Uniform set of lawsLimited liberty and promoted authority

Napoleon crowned as Emperor (1804)

What does this mean for democracy in France?

Napoleon’s Empire

Three Major Mistakes

1. The Continental System Set up a blockade around Great Britain In response, Britain set up its own more successful

blockade of France

2. The Peninsular War Invasion of Spain (Iberian Peninsula)

3. The Invasion of Russia Czar Alexander uses a scorched earth policy

Napoleon’s Downfall

Exiled to ElbaEscapes and raises an armyDefeated at WaterlooBanished to St. Helena

Congress of Vienna

Meetings to secure EuropeTried to restore the balance of power in

Europe

Review

How did Napoleon take control of France?What were his three biggest mistakes?What is the Napoleonic Code?

Door ticket – what are the causes of the French Revolution?

Four causes of the French Revolution

1

2

3

4

Door Ticket

Three Mistakes of Napoleon

1

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