Catastrophic Mortality

Reference: CNMP Core Curriculum Section 3.3 — Farmstead Safety and Security

Catastrophic Mortality

• Procedures• Emergency Numbers• Emergency Contacts

Planning for the Impossible...

• Natural disasters can happen– Flooding (IA, 1993 & NC, 2000) – Snow (Blizzard of 1993)

• millions of broilers and chicks lost to building collapse and loss of power for heating

– Whole herds may be destroyed• contagious diseases (FMD, TB, BSE)• swine viruses and human flu viruses

Planning for the “impossible”

Hurricane Floyd 1999 SE North Carolina

PreventionResponding to tragedy

PreventionResponding to tragedy

Who’s in Charge?

State Level• State Veterinarian

Federal Level• Pathogenic Outbreak

– APHIS• Natural Disaster (or mechanical failure)

– ?? NRCS

Disaster Plans Affect Numberof Animals Needing Disposal

Personnel Protective Equipment (PPE)

• Biosecurity• Some foreign animal

diseases are infectious to humans

Management Methods

• On-site burial• Composting• Incineration• Landfill• Rendering• Value-Added Processing

Burial• LOCATION?• Soil type• Large area• Disease• Ground

Water Quality

• Land Value?

Composting

• Carbonaceous Material Availability

• Perception• Time

Ag -Bag

In-House Composting

Large Animal Composting

Incineration• Cremation is a

controlled and rapid oxidation of organic matter– this is not coal-

oil, old tires and a lit cigarette

– greatest utility is for small animals

Commercial Incinerators• Complete reduction of volume• Destroys pathogens• Oxidizes volatile gases (odors)• Expensive

– initial cost and energy cost• Air permit issues

– incinerators with greater than 400,000 btu/hr capacity require air quality permit

Air-Curtain Incinerators

Large quantities

Landfill

• Refusal• Transportation

Biosecurity• Logistics• Bird Control

Rendering

• Availability• Capacity• Transportation

Biosecurity

Pryolysis & Gasification

• Capacity• Availability • High Cost

Sterilization

CAM PLANNING

Web Soil Survey

CAM PLANNING

CATASTROPHIC MORTALITYResources

• NEH 637, Chp 2, Composting; & NEH 651, AWMFH; • CPS 316 Animal Mortality Facility; & CPS 317 Composting Facility• CAM SharePoint -

https://nrcs.sc.egov.usda.gov/st/CNTSC/engineering/enveng/cam/default.aspx• CAST - http://www.cast-science.org/publicationsByDepartment.asp?

idDepartment=1&idSubDepartment=2• APHIS -

http://www.aphis.usda.gov/emergency_response/contacts/contacts_state.shtml• AVMA - http://www.avma.org/disaster/state_resources/default.asp• EDEN - http://eden.lsu.edu//default.aspx• LPELC -

http://www.extension.org/pages/Managing_Livestock_and_Poultry_Mortalities

http://krex.k-state.edu/dspace/handle/2097/662

CATASTROPHIC MORTALITY

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