National Hydraulic Research Institute of Malaysia, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (NRE)

Case Study:Management Instruments for Langat River Basin

Salmah ZakariaDirector General, NAHRIM (National Hydraulics Research Institute of Malaysia)Facilitator, AguaJaring-Southeast Asia

IWRM-IHP Conference 2008 and 2nd Africa Regional Meeting of the National Committees Of UNESCO’s IHPCape Town ICC, South Africa, 10-12 March 2008

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Contents Introduction

MalaysiaLangat River Basin

Issues and ChallengesAvailable Management InstrumentsWhat Next

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Introduction:Malaysia

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MalaysiaPeninsula StatesEast Malaysian States

Land Area ~330,000 km2

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189 River Basins in Malaysia

189 River Basins in Malaysia

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Mean Annual Runoff

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Introduction:Langat River Basin

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StatisticsArea = about 2350 km2

Length = about 78 km long Width = from 20km to 52 km

Location south of the densely populated Klang River Basin

Langat River Basin

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Langat River Basin

Klang River Basin

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Langat and its tributariesoriginate from the headwaters in the hills and flow through districts and urban centers such as Hulu Langat, Seremban, Sepang, Petaling, Perbadanan Putra Jaya, Federal Territory Kuala Lumpur, Klang, and Kuala Langat before reaching the Straits of Malacca

Flows through 3 statesSelangor Negeri Sembilanthe Federal Territory

Langat River Basin

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Some major commercial centresparts of Cheras

KajangBangiDengkilBantingTeluk PanglimaGarang

• Semenyih• Beranang• Mantin• Seremban• Nilai• Salak Tinggi

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Langat Basin in recent yearsAccelerated at a very rapid pace

the location of UKMother training centers in BangiMulti Media Super CorridorKLIA PutrajayaCyberjaya

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National Hydraulic Research Institute of Malaysia, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (NRE)

Langat River BasinAdministrative and Management Boundaries

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Langat River Basin Tributaries & Catchments

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Issues and Challenges

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Eleven (11) Key ConcernsPopulation GrowthLand UseDeforestationDestruction of BiodiversityPollution and Water QualityFlood MitigationWater Resources DevelopmentCatchment ErosionRiparian LandEnvironmental FlowsInstitutional framework, capacity building and information management

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Deforestation

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Land Use

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Erosion_Sg. Labu

Back

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Solid Waste_Sg. Labu

Back

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Population density - 2000

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Anticipated Population density - 2020

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Floods

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Soil loss

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Bukit TunggulForest Reserve

Kuala LangatSouth Forest Reserve

State Forest

Kuala LangatNorth Forest Reserve

Air HitamForest Reserve

Figure 3.7 Satellite Image Of MSC (Taken In 1998)

Forest Fire in drained peat swamps

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National Hydraulic Research Institute of Malaysia, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (NRE)

South LangatPeat Swamp

North LangatPeat Swamp

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HUTAN SIMPANBUKIT TUNGGAL

HUTAN SIMPAN KUALA LANGAT UTARA

HUTAN SIMPAN KUALA LANGAT SELATAN

SEPANG

HUTAN SIMPAN SEPANG KECHIL

HUTAN SIMPANKUALA SEPANG

PAYA INDAH

MSCBOUNDARY

HUTAN SIMPAN AIR HITAM

Peat Forest and Swamp Areas in and Adjacent to

MSC

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Undrained Peat Water level & ground surface

Clay

Peat SoilD1

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Clay

DS1

DGW

W.LD1

Drained Peat

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NSECL Culvert at km 24.9

DENGKIL RSA

U

Figure 4.16 Jupem Aerial Photograph Dated 10/4/98Showing Forest Fires at Paya Indah

Langat Forest Reserve,SelangorPictures on peat from STAR newspaper, Nov 1997

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National Hydraulic Research Institute of Malaysia, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (NRE)

Available Management Instruments

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Policies, Legislations and Agencies

FederalState

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FederalFederal Constitutions, 1957

Land and water a state matter, but where a river (not river basin) is trans-boundary and where there are conflicts, Federal Govt can intervene

Over-arching policies, focus on economic developmentsVisionary Scale: Vision 2020

A developed nation with the environment remaining pristineLong Term: OPP –10 years Outline Perspective Plans

Development initiatives planned for 10 yearsMedium Term: 5yr-development Plan, now in the 9th-5yrPlan

Detail development initiatives approvedShort Term: Annual Budget examination

Monitoring and enforcements

Federal Agencies, to implement the policiesSectoral Base

NGOsOn the increase, supportive –generally, and increasing vocal

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State – 3 statesFederal Territories of Putrajaya and Kuala Lumpur

Seemingly unlimited resources with own policies and objectives

States of Selangor and Negeri SembilanPolicies and Fundings

Own policy initiativesFundings depending on

federal allocation as per ConstitutionLand and business taxes

AgenciesCascading sectoral Federal AgenciesLocal AuthoritiesProvincial Authorities – MukimVillage Heads

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Selangor State has LUASLUAS or

Selangor Waters Management Authority, enacted by State legislation in 1999

LUAS has the authority and responsibility for the integrated management of all water resources in the state and hence possesses the legal authority to coordinate the development of the Sungai Langat river basin. Negeri Sembilan does not possess a similar body.

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What Next

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Langat River Basin Studies, 2002-3Implementation of the output of the studyCommissioned by the DID to Consultant

Objectives: The formulation of a comprehensive IRBM plan encompassing five main component plans of

Catchment Management and Monitoring PlanRiver Corridor Development and Management PlanWater Resources Development and Management PlanFlood Mitigation Master PlanEnvironmental Management Plan

Completed report submitted in 3 volumesVolume 1 – Main ReportVolume 2 – Component PlansVolume 3 – Technical Studies

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Eleven (11) Key ConcernsPopulation GrowthLand UseDeforestationDestruction of BiodiversityPollution and Water QualityFlood MitigationWater Resources DevelopmentCatchment ErosionRiparian LandEnvironmental FlowsInstitutional framework, capacity building and information management

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Langat Basin Management - 1

Key IssuesLack of integrated approach to planning on the basis of river basinsLack of coordination or centralised authorityLack of social development and awarenessLack of regulations and awarenessData and information sharing among agencies and stakeholders

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Langat Basin Management - 2

Key OptionsPartnership and participationSpearheaded by an appropriate agencyGiving the integrated plan a meaningful geographical focus for successful implementationManagement on a sound scientific basisCapacity BuildingFormulation of RBMIS-Sungai Langat river basin as a basis for the implementation of an integrated data sharing mechanism

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IRBM Plan Implementation7 Major Outputs and activities

Reduction of Man-made Land Degradation and Soil ErosionArrest Habitat Loss/ Degradation and Rehabilitate, Conserve and Enhance Bio-diversityPrevention of Water Quality Degradation and Improvement of Water QualityRegulation of Water Demand and Development of New Water Supply SourcesMitigation of Severity of Floods and Reduction of frequency of floodingSustainable Use and Management of River System and River CorridorsInitiation, development and implementation of an effective governance and management support system

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Current Status

National Hydraulic Research Institute of Malaysia, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (NRE)

Current Status

In the coming CapNet Training of Trainers

On River Basin ManagementTime:April 2008Location: South Africa

National Hydraulic Research Institute of Malaysia, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (NRE)

Thank you